本文選題：粉煤灰混凝土 + 生命周期社會影響評價　； 參考：《北京交通大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：摘要：當(dāng)前我國社會正在向可持續(xù)社會轉(zhuǎn)變,生命周期評價(Life Cycle Assessment,LCA)作為一種客觀的評價環(huán)境影響的方法己得到廣泛應(yīng)用,給設(shè)計師、決策者提供了定量設(shè)計、評價及決策支持。然而LCA的研究主要集中在生態(tài)以及經(jīng)濟(jì)可持續(xù)領(lǐng)域,由于對社會可持續(xù)的理解不夠全面、深入,社會因素方面的研究常常受到忽視,從而可能會造成潛在的人員安全、心理等社會問題。在這種情況下,2009年,聯(lián)合國環(huán)境署和國際環(huán)境毒理學(xué)和化學(xué)學(xué)會提出了S-LCA (Social-Life Cycle Assessment, S-LCA)的概念,作為傳統(tǒng)LCA方法在社會因素層面的補(bǔ)充,用以評估全球范圍內(nèi)產(chǎn)品全壽命周期中產(chǎn)生的社會影響。由于S-LCA發(fā)展時間較短,土木工程領(lǐng)域的S-LCA研究基本處于空白。 目前,我國正在進(jìn)行世界上最大規(guī)模的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè),混凝土用量巨大。而粉煤灰作為一種從火力發(fā)電廠燃燒煤粉的鍋爐煙氣中收集的粉狀灰粒,能將其作為輔助膠凝材料替代水泥來生產(chǎn)各種混凝土制品和構(gòu)件�，F(xiàn)在已有大量關(guān)于粉煤灰混凝土力學(xué)性能的研究；但在可持續(xù)性方面,既往研究大多只采用生命周期評價來研究的粉煤灰混凝土的生命周期環(huán)境影響,并不能得到一個全面的綜合評價結(jié)果。僅以環(huán)境和經(jīng)濟(jì)效益來衡量粉煤灰混凝土的可持續(xù)性是片面的,也不利于粉煤灰混凝土在實(shí)際工程中的推廣應(yīng)用,粉煤灰混凝土的可持續(xù)性應(yīng)該從環(huán)境和經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會效益三個方面綜合考慮。因此本文首先基于S-LCA理論對粉煤灰混凝土進(jìn)行生命周期社會影響評價,并將其結(jié)果用于實(shí)現(xiàn)基于環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會多角度的綜合可持續(xù)評價。 本文的主要研究內(nèi)容包括： (1)基于S-LCA技術(shù)框架,提出了粉煤灰混凝土生命周期社會影響定量化分析模型,為全面定量分析粉煤灰混凝土社會影響奠定基礎(chǔ)。 (2)對不同粉煤灰摻量下粉煤灰混凝土的生命周期社會影響評價進(jìn)行實(shí)例研究,找到不同粉煤灰摻量粉煤灰混凝土在生命周期社會影響上的差異,分析其社會影響關(guān)鍵因素并提出改善建議。 (3)提出了考慮粉煤灰混凝土生命周期環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會影響的綜合可持續(xù)性評價模型,并提出用生態(tài)效率(Eco-efficienc y)的指標(biāo)來衡量粉煤灰混凝土的綜合可持續(xù)性能,并結(jié)合粉煤灰混凝土的抗壓強(qiáng)度,對五組不同粉煤灰摻量配合比下的粉煤灰混凝土進(jìn)行案例研究。
[Abstract]:Absrtact: at present, our society is changing to sustainable society. As an objective method of evaluating environmental impact, life cycle assessment has been widely used, which provides quantitative design, evaluation and decision support to designers and decision makers. However, the study of LCA is mainly focused on ecological and economic sustainability. Because of the lack of comprehensive and in-depth understanding of social sustainability, social factors are often ignored, which may lead to potential human safety. Psychological and social problems In this context, in 2009, the United Nations Environment Programme and the International Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry introduced the concept of S-LCA Social-Life Cycle Assessment (S-LCA) as a complement to the traditional LCA approach at the social factor level. Used to assess the social impact of the life cycle of products worldwide. Because of the short development time of S-LCA, the research of S-LCA in civil engineering field is basically blank. At present, our country is carrying on the largest scale infrastructure construction in the world, the concrete quantity is huge. Fly ash, as a kind of pulverized ash particles collected from boiler flue gas of coal-fired power plant, can be used as auxiliary cementing material instead of cement to produce various concrete products and components. There has been a great deal of research on the mechanical properties of fly ash concrete. However, in terms of sustainability, most previous studies only use life cycle assessment to study the impact of fly ash concrete on the life cycle environment. A comprehensive and comprehensive evaluation is not available. It is one-sided to measure the sustainability of fly ash concrete only by environmental and economic benefits, and it is not conducive to the popularization and application of fly ash concrete in practical projects. The sustainability of fly ash concrete should be considered from environmental, economic and social aspects. In this paper, the life cycle social impact assessment of fly ash concrete is carried out based on S-LCA theory, and the results are used to realize the comprehensive sustainable assessment based on environment, economy and society. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1) based on the technical framework of S-LCA, the quantitative analysis model of the social impact of fly ash concrete life cycle is put forward, which lays a foundation for the overall quantitative analysis of the social impact of fly ash concrete. 2) A case study on the life cycle social impact assessment of fly ash concrete with different fly ash content is carried out, and the difference of life cycle social impact of fly ash concrete with different fly ash content is found. Analyze the key factors of its social impact and put forward suggestions for improvement. The comprehensive sustainability evaluation model considering the environment, economy and social impact of fly ash concrete is put forward, and the index of ecological efficiency (Eco-efficiency) is proposed to measure the comprehensive sustainability of fly ash concrete. Combined with the compressive strength of fly ash concrete, five groups of fly ash concrete with different mixing ratio of fly ash were studied.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU528

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前7條

1 王超;丁光輝;;粉煤灰混凝土生命周期評價初步研究[J];工業(yè)安全與環(huán)保;2007年01期

2 李小冬;吳星;張智慧;;基于LCA理論的環(huán)境影響社會支付意愿研究[J];哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報;2005年11期

3 孫家國;谷艷玲;;大摻量粉煤灰混凝土抗壓強(qiáng)度影響分析[J];混凝土;2013年11期

4 余為韜;潘欣;史彬;;考慮低碳排放的混凝土配合比多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化[J];計算機(jī)與應(yīng)用化學(xué);2014年03期

5 李小冬;王帥;孔祥勤;張智慧;;預(yù)拌混凝土生命周期環(huán)境影響評價[J];土木工程學(xué)報;2011年01期

6 劉順妮,林宗壽,張小偉;硅酸鹽水泥的生命周期評價方法初探[J];中國環(huán)境科學(xué);1998年04期

7 孔德玉;摻粉煤灰混凝土生命周期評價方法初探[J];浙江工業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報;2002年02期

，

本文編號：1862008