基于石墨烯介電及光熱轉(zhuǎn)換材料制備與性能
本文選題:石墨烯 + 介電性能; 參考:《浙江工業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文
【摘要】:石墨烯是2004年被發(fā)現(xiàn)的一種新型二維平面納米材料,其特殊的單原子層結(jié)構(gòu)決定了它具有大的比表面積、高的導電性和室溫電子遷移率,以及優(yōu)異的力學性能。這些獨特的性質(zhì)使其在電子、信息、能源、材料和生物醫(yī)藥等領(lǐng)域具有廣泛的應用前景。如何利用石墨烯這些獨特的優(yōu)異性能并對石墨烯進行有效的功能化,賦予石墨烯新的性質(zhì),對于進一步拓展應用領(lǐng)域具有重要的意義。因此,本文主要研究內(nèi)容及結(jié)果如下:1、利用氧化石墨烯大寬高比及高導電性特性,通過層層旋涂的方法制備了具有導電/絕緣/導電交替結(jié)構(gòu)的聚乙烯醇(PVA)/氧化石墨烯(GO)/聚乙烯醇交替層狀聚合物復合材料,并對其介電性能進行研究。結(jié)果表明:氧化石墨烯由于其大寬高比及高導電性,在PVA中形成了許多微電容,PVA的絕緣性同時阻斷了石墨烯相互間形成導電通路。因此,與純的PVA材料相比,通過層層旋涂技術(shù)可以制備具有較低介電損耗和高介電常數(shù)的PVA/GO/PVA復合材料。2、利用氧化石墨烯近紅外吸收特性及聚(N-異丙基丙烯酰胺)(PNIPA)的溫度響應性,制備了具有光熱轉(zhuǎn)換效應的GO/PNIPA復合水凝膠,研究了其光熱響應性能。通過近紅外(NIR)激光非接觸式照射,遠程控制水凝膠相變。研究結(jié)果表明:隨著GO填入量的增加,水凝膠的響應速度變化不大;基于NIR照射與否,水凝膠會出現(xiàn)溶脹與收縮的可逆相變。在此基礎(chǔ)上,為了提高GO/PNIPA復合水凝膠的近紅外響應速度,在氧化石墨烯表面上構(gòu)建了聚苯胺棒管結(jié)構(gòu),并將其應用于GO/PNIPA光熱轉(zhuǎn)換材料制備,考察了單體濃度對聚苯胺表面形貌的影響。結(jié)果表明,通過緩慢反應的方式,可以在石墨烯表面上構(gòu)建聚苯胺的納米棒結(jié)構(gòu),單體濃度對這種結(jié)構(gòu)影響不大。這種密集排列的納米棒有利于光線的反復折射與反射,因此,聚苯胺改性的石墨烯材料具有更高的光熱轉(zhuǎn)換效率;基于水凝膠優(yōu)異的光熱轉(zhuǎn)換性能,成功制備了NIR控制的流體開關(guān)。為了獲得多功能的GO/PNIPA水凝膠材料,在氧化石墨烯表面負載上Fe3O4納米粒子,并將其應用于GO/PNIPA光熱轉(zhuǎn)換材料制備,所得材料同時具有溫度、近紅外和磁性多重響應性。
[Abstract]:Graphene is a new two-dimensional planar nano-material which was discovered in 2004. Its special monoatomic layer structure determines its large specific surface area, high conductivity, room temperature electron mobility and excellent mechanical properties. These unique properties make it widely used in the fields of electronics, information, energy, materials and biomedicine. How to make use of the unique excellent properties of graphene and effectively functionalize graphene and give new properties to graphene is of great significance to further expand the application field. Therefore, the main contents and results of this paper are as follows: 1. Using the high aspect ratio and high conductivity of graphene oxide, The polyvinyl alcohol polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) / graphene oxide / polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) / polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) / polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) / polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) / polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) / polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) / polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) / polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) / polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) / polyvinyl alcohol ( The results show that graphene oxide forms a lot of microcapacitors in PVA because of its wide aspect ratio and high conductivity. Therefore, compared with pure PVA materials, PVA/GO/PVA composites with low dielectric loss and high dielectric constant can be prepared by layer spin-coating technique. The near infrared absorption properties of graphene oxide and the temperature response of poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) PNIPAs can be utilized. GO/PNIPA composite hydrogels with photothermal conversion effect were prepared and their photothermal response properties were studied. The phase transition of hydrogel was controlled remotely by NIR laser non-contact irradiation. The results show that the response rate of hydrogel does not change much with the increase of go filling amount, and the reversible phase transition of swelling and shrinkage will occur based on NIR irradiation or not. On this basis, in order to improve the near infrared response speed of GO/PNIPA composite hydrogel, Polyaniline rod tube structure was constructed on the surface of graphene oxide and applied to the preparation of GO/PNIPA photothermal conversion material. The effect of monomer concentration on surface morphology of Polyaniline was investigated. The results showed that the nanorod structure of Polyaniline could be constructed on the surface of graphene by slow reaction, and the concentration of monomer had little effect on the structure. This dense array of nanorods is conducive to the repeated refraction and reflection of light, so Polyaniline modified graphene materials have higher photothermal conversion efficiency, based on the excellent photothermal conversion properties of hydrogels, The NIR controlled fluid switch was successfully fabricated. In order to obtain multifunctional GO/PNIPA hydrogel materials, Fe3O4 nanoparticles were loaded on graphene oxide surface and were used in the preparation of GO/PNIPA photothermal conversion materials. The obtained materials have the properties of temperature, near infrared and magnetic multi-reresponse.
【學位授予單位】:浙江工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2015
【分類號】:TQ127.11
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