本文選題：秸稈菱鎂混凝土 + 保溫性能��； 參考：《山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：建筑能耗屬于消費(fèi)性能耗,與人們生活需求關(guān)系密切,隨著城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)的迅速發(fā)展和人民生活水平的不斷提高,我國建筑能耗還將持續(xù)上升,建筑節(jié)能挑戰(zhàn)巨大。農(nóng)作物秸稈作為我國農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的廢棄物,產(chǎn)量巨大,但“秸稈焚燒”已成為一個(gè)社會(huì)性問題,部分地區(qū)政府明令禁止秸稈焚燒。這些秸稈焚燒,既浪費(fèi)了自然資源,又對(duì)環(huán)境造成了污染。放眼別國,“秸稈飼料”、“秸稈氣化發(fā)電”等新途徑、新思路早已被科研人員所探究。在建筑領(lǐng)域,秸稈也被作為建筑材料代替磚、木等常規(guī)材料加以利用,發(fā)揮其節(jié)能環(huán)保、隔音隔熱等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。菱鎂水泥,又稱氯氧鎂水泥(Magnesium Oxychloride Cement或MOC),是一種無機(jī)膠凝材料,其主要組成成分氧化鎂和氯化鎂在我國儲(chǔ)量巨多。菱鎂水泥具有良好的抗壓強(qiáng)度、抗折強(qiáng)度、耐火性和粘接性,但其耐水性差、易返鹵泛白、易變形。農(nóng)作物秸稈結(jié)合菱鎂水泥制成秸稈菱鎂混凝土,以菱鎂水泥為膠凝材料,以秸稈纖維為加筋材料,添加特定的改性外加劑,兩者結(jié)合用于環(huán)保型建筑材料是一個(gè)新的應(yīng)用方向,為農(nóng)業(yè)廢棄物資源化利用和建筑節(jié)能提供了新途徑。本研究課題首先從秸稈菱鎂混凝土的密度、強(qiáng)度、導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)等主要控制參數(shù)出發(fā),先通過大量試驗(yàn)試配出秸稈菱鎂混凝土原材料用量的合理范圍。通過正交試驗(yàn)分析秸稈摻量、膠凝材料配比和砂摻量3個(gè)因素對(duì)秸稈菱鎂混凝土保溫性能的影響,再通過單因素試驗(yàn)研究含水率、秸稈長度對(duì)秸稈菱鎂混凝土導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)的影響,得出各種原材料的最佳配合比。然后采用冷熱箱-熱流計(jì)法測定了秸稈菱鎂混凝土砌塊墻體的傳熱系數(shù),并測試了該材料密度較低時(shí)的立方體抗壓強(qiáng)度,顯示了較好的保溫性和承載力。最后對(duì)秸稈菱鎂混凝土在農(nóng)房保溫改造中應(yīng)用的進(jìn)行了研究,通過混凝土空心砌塊房的保溫改造,研究了秸稈菱鎂混凝土保溫板的制作工藝和保溫改造技術(shù),測試了房屋的保溫性能,并與普通磚房的保溫性能進(jìn)行了對(duì)比分析。通過對(duì)混凝土空心砌塊房屋的保溫改造,形成了較為成熟的保溫改造施工工藝;對(duì)改造房進(jìn)行熱工分析和經(jīng)濟(jì)分析,秸稈菱鎂混凝土保溫板表現(xiàn)出良好的保溫性能和經(jīng)濟(jì)效益,房屋保溫改造效果明顯。該新型秸稈菱鎂混凝土材料保溫隔熱性能好,節(jié)能環(huán)保,極具推廣應(yīng)用價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:Building energy consumption belongs to consumer energy consumption, which is closely related to people's living needs. With the rapid development of urbanization construction and the continuous improvement of people's living standard, building energy consumption in China will continue to rise, and the challenge of building energy conservation will be enormous. Crop straw, as the waste of agricultural production in China, has a huge output, but "straw burning" has become a social problem, and some local governments explicitly prohibit straw burning. These straw incineration not only wastes natural resources, but also pollutes the environment. Looking at other countries, "straw feed", "straw gasification power generation" and other new ways, new ideas have been explored by researchers. In the field of construction, straw is also used as building material instead of brick, wood and other conventional materials to play its energy-saving, environmental protection, sound insulation and other advantages. Magnesium Oxychloride Cement or MOC is a kind of inorganic cementitious material, the main components of which are magnesium oxide and magnesium chloride, which have huge reserves in China. Magnesite cement has good compressive strength, flexural strength, fire resistance and bonding property, but its water resistance is poor, easy to return to halogen white, easy to deform. Straw magnesite concrete is made from crop straw and magnesite cement. It is a new application direction to combine crop straw with magnesite cement as cementitious material, straw fiber as reinforced material and special modified admixture. It provides a new way for the utilization of agricultural wastes and building energy conservation. Based on the main control parameters such as density, strength and thermal conductivity of straw magnesite concrete, the reasonable range of raw material dosage of straw magnesite concrete is obtained through a large number of experiments. The effects of straw content, cement material ratio and sand content on the thermal insulation properties of straw magnesite concrete were analyzed by orthogonal test. The effects of moisture content and straw length on thermal conductivity of straw magnesite concrete were studied by single factor test. Get the best mix ratio of all kinds of raw materials. Then the heat transfer coefficient of straw magnesite concrete block wall is measured by the method of hot and cold box. The cube compressive strength of this material is measured when the density of the material is low, which shows that the heat transfer coefficient of straw magnesite concrete block wall is better than that of other materials, and that the heat transfer coefficient of straw magnesite concrete block wall is better. Finally, the application of straw magnesite concrete in the thermal insulation reconstruction of agricultural houses is studied. Through the thermal insulation transformation of concrete hollow block building, the manufacture technology and thermal insulation transformation technology of straw magnesite concrete thermal insulation board are studied. The thermal insulation performance of buildings was tested and compared with that of common brick houses. Through the thermal insulation transformation of concrete hollow block building, a more mature heat preservation reconstruction construction technology has been formed, and the thermal engineering analysis and economic analysis of the renovated building have been carried out, and the straw magnesia concrete insulation board has shown good thermal insulation performance and economic benefit. The effect of building thermal insulation transformation is obvious. The new straw magnesite concrete has good thermal insulation, energy saving and environmental protection.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TU528

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