本文選題：煤炭 + 石墨化　； 參考：《西安科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文通過查閱大量關(guān)于高溫爐的設(shè)計資料,按照艾奇遜爐的工作原理,在多年研究工作基礎(chǔ)上對爐體的傳熱方式和使用特點進行了分析,確定了內(nèi)熱式超高溫石墨化爐的使用功率,爐型尺寸和供電方式等參數(shù)。對爐芯的形狀和尺寸采用工業(yè)艾奇遜爐表面負荷選型原則選型;對爐體保溫材料的材質(zhì)和尺寸的選擇以多層壁傅里葉傳熱定律為基礎(chǔ)復(fù)核。通過理論計算并采用模擬軟件Ansys對爐體工作過程溫度場進行模擬,以模擬參數(shù)為基礎(chǔ),設(shè)計并制造了超高溫石墨化電阻爐,并對云南昭通無煙煤和陜北榆林煙煤進行了超高溫制備實驗。設(shè)計、制造和實驗結(jié)果證明所設(shè)計的超高溫石墨化電阻爐科學(xué)、可靠、實用。爐體造價廉價,實現(xiàn)方式簡單,經(jīng)濟性好。但在爐體集成化、自動化和更高溫度(3000℃以上)的實現(xiàn)尚有待于提高和研究探索。將昭通無煙煤和榆林煙煤分別經(jīng)2000℃,2200℃,2400℃,2600℃,2800℃和3000℃超高溫處理,對處理后煤的成分、電阻率、微觀組織、物相結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)部分子官能團遷移過程等進行了測試和表征。研究結(jié)果表明:煤中水分、灰分和揮發(fā)分等物相隨熱處理溫度的升高而逐漸轉(zhuǎn)變并逸失,溫度越高,物相轉(zhuǎn)變越迅速,越徹底。超高溫?zé)崽幚砟苁姑禾繌囊环N近似絕緣相轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閷?dǎo)電相,溫度越高導(dǎo)電相轉(zhuǎn)化效果越好,其中3000℃石墨化昭通無煙煤的電阻率最小為0.02255Ω·m,接近石墨的電阻率0.02004Ω·m,而同一溫度段石墨化的榆林煙煤的電阻率是石墨的十倍以上。石墨化煤的衍射峰的強度和結(jié)晶度都在不斷增加,當(dāng)超高溫?zé)崽幚頊囟冗_到3000℃時,無論是無煙煤還是煙煤其(002)晶面衍射峰都強度快速增加。石墨化無煙煤的結(jié)構(gòu)已經(jīng)與典型石墨晶型結(jié)構(gòu)晶面衍射曲線十分近似,其中石墨化昭通無煙煤的結(jié)晶度達到了93%,而石墨化榆林煙煤的結(jié)晶度僅為63%。煤炭的超高溫?zé)崽幚頊囟仍礁?固定碳從非晶態(tài)向晶態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)變越多,相的數(shù)量也就愈單一。對超高溫?zé)崽幚磉^的昭通無煙煤和榆林煙煤的形貌進行觀察,發(fā)現(xiàn)石墨化的昭通無煙煤的結(jié)構(gòu)從2000℃開始就產(chǎn)生細小的微晶顆粒,隨著溫度的上升,這些微晶不斷發(fā)生蠕變,發(fā)育為柱狀結(jié)構(gòu),在2800℃又轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槠瑺钍?最終在3000℃時候長大成與石墨近似的片狀結(jié)構(gòu)。而經(jīng)過石墨化的榆林煙煤的2400℃才產(chǎn)生小微晶,2800℃微晶蠕變成柱狀結(jié)構(gòu),但是到了3000℃仍未轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槠瑺罱Y(jié)構(gòu)。
[Abstract]:Through consulting a lot of design data about high temperature furnace, according to the working principle of Acheson furnace, the heat transfer mode and application characteristics of furnace body are analyzed on the basis of many years' research work.The operating power, furnace size and power supply mode of the internal heat type ultrahigh temperature graphitization furnace are determined.The shape and size of furnace core are selected according to the principle of industrial Acheson furnace surface load selection, and the material and size of furnace body insulation material are checked on the basis of multi-layer Fourier heat transfer law.The temperature field of furnace body working process is simulated by theoretical calculation and simulation software Ansys. Based on the simulation parameters, an ultra-high temperature graphitization resistance furnace is designed and manufactured.The preparation experiments of Yunnan Zhaotong anthracite and northern Shaanxi Yulin bituminous coal were carried out.The design, manufacture and experimental results show that the designed ultrahigh temperature graphitization resistance furnace is scientific, reliable and practical.The cost of furnace body is cheap, the way of realization is simple, and the economy is good.However, the realization of furnace integration, automation and higher temperature above 3000 鈩，

本文編號：1758857