本文選題：管子與管板連接接頭 + 液壓脹接��； 參考：《北京化工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：管殼式換熱器廣泛應(yīng)用于各工業(yè)領(lǐng)域,如煉油、化工、核電等,其管子與管板連接接頭性能對(duì)保證換熱器可靠運(yùn)行至關(guān)重要。目前,換熱管與管板連接方法有焊接、脹接以及脹焊結(jié)合,其中,液壓脹接法憑其易操作、易控制等特點(diǎn)被廣泛使用。論文采用實(shí)驗(yàn)方法研究了10#與16Mn碳鋼、全304不銹鋼、全321不銹鋼三種組合材料換熱器管端液壓脹接接頭脹管率、拉(壓)脫力與脹接壓力的關(guān)系,并建立三維有限元模型進(jìn)行有限元數(shù)值分析,得到如下結(jié)論：(1)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究得到脹接壓力分別為160MPa-280MPa范圍內(nèi)的碳鋼組合材料、180MPa-300MPa范圍內(nèi)的全304不銹鋼和全321不銹鋼接頭材料的脹管率范圍,脹接接頭拉(壓)脫力與脹接壓力的關(guān)系,提出了脹管率與脹接壓力、拉(壓)脫力與脹接壓力以及拉脫力與脹管率之間的擬合公式。以GB151標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為導(dǎo)向,為分別滿足脹管率和拉脫強(qiáng)度的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求,提出了三種不同材料組合下的管端液壓脹接接頭脹接壓力范圍。(2)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究得到拉脫力與脹管率的關(guān)系。拉脫力隨著脹管率的增大,先增大,后減小。即,過大的脹管率會(huì)導(dǎo)致“過脹",降低接頭抗拉脫強(qiáng)度。(3)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究得到壓脫力與脹管率的關(guān)系,壓脫力隨著脹管率的增大而增大,且相同脹接壓力下,壓脫力大于拉脫力。(4)有限元分析表明,管端脹接位置對(duì)脹管率和拉脫力影響不明顯,但隨著脹接位置越來越靠近管板殼程端部,壓脫力隨之增加。(5)有限元分析表明,脹管率隨管子和管板孔之間初始間隙的增大而增大,但接頭拉(壓)脫力隨著初始間隙的增大而減小。(6)有限元分析表明,脹接長(zhǎng)度對(duì)脹管率影響不大；對(duì)于不銹鋼材料304和321管端接頭,脹接長(zhǎng)度對(duì)接頭的拉脫力影響不大,但對(duì)于10#和16Mn碳鋼接頭,隨脹接長(zhǎng)度的增大,接頭拉脫力減小。
[Abstract]:Shell and tube heat exchangers are widely used in various industrial fields, such as oil refining, chemical industry, nuclear power, etc. The performance of tube-tube-plate connection joint is very important to ensure the reliable operation of heat exchangers.At present, the joining methods of heat transfer pipe and tubesheet include welding, expanding and expanding welding, among which, hydraulic expansion is widely used because of its easy operation and easy control.In this paper, the relationship between 10# and 16Mn carbon steel, all-304 stainless steel, all-321 stainless steel combined material heat exchanger tube end expansion rate, tension (pressure) and expansion pressure is studied.A three-dimensional finite element model is established for finite element numerical analysis.The results are as follows: (1) the experimental study shows that the expansion pressure of carbon steel composite material in the range of 160MPa-280MPa is 180 MPa-300 MPA, and the expansion ratio range of all 304 stainless steel and all 321 stainless steel joint materials, and the relation between the tensile (pressure) desorption force and the expanding joint pressure of the expansion joint is obtained.The fitting formulas between the expansion rate and the expansion pressure, the tension (pressure) and the expansion pressure, as well as the tension and the expansion rate are put forward.Based on the GB151 standard and to meet the requirements of the expansion rate and the tensile strength respectively, the experimental study on the relation between the tensile force and the expansion rate of the hydraulic expansion joint head at the end of the pipe under three different combinations of materials was carried out.The pullout force increases first and then decreases with the increase of tube expansion rate.That is, the excessive expansion rate will lead to "overexpansion" and reduce the tensile strength of the joint. The experimental study shows the relationship between the pressure off force and the expansion rate, and the pressure off force increases with the increase of the expansion rate, and under the same expansion pressure,The finite element analysis shows that the expansion position at the end of the tube has no obvious effect on the expansion rate and the pull off force, but with the expansion position approaching the program end of the tube, the pressure off force increases.The expansion rate increases with the increase of the initial gap between the tube and the tube-plate hole, but the tensile (compression) desorption force decreases with the increase of the initial gap. The finite element analysis shows that the expansion length has little effect on the expansion rate.For 304 and 321 pipe end joints of stainless steel, the swelling length has little effect on the tensile force of the joints, but for 10# and 16Mn carbon steel joints, the tensile force decreases with the increase of the expansion length.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京化工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TQ051.5

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本文編號(hào)：1733048