本文選題：電鍍廢水　切入點(diǎn)：反滲透濃水　出處：《湖南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：電鍍工業(yè)已經(jīng)成為我國現(xiàn)代工業(yè)體系中不可缺少的重要組成部分,在電鍍過程中會(huì)產(chǎn)生大量易對(duì)環(huán)境造成嚴(yán)重危害的電鍍廢水。近年來,各地根據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)厥芗{水體環(huán)境管理需要,要求企業(yè)執(zhí)行更為嚴(yán)格的排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。另外,地方為了發(fā)展循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì),節(jié)約生產(chǎn)用水,降低成本,減少排污量,要求電鍍企業(yè)工業(yè)水回用率不低于60%。這樣,電鍍廢水分質(zhì)分流處理后采用膜深度處理是必然的選擇,反滲透后35%~40%的濃水達(dá)標(biāo)處理成為企業(yè)普遍面臨的一個(gè)技術(shù)難題。針對(duì)電鍍工業(yè)園區(qū)電鍍廢水反滲透膜后濃水難于處理的問題,本課題依托國家水體污染控制與治理科技重大專項(xiàng)(2012ZX07206-002)中的子課題“工業(yè)區(qū)排水對(duì)水源型河流風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制技術(shù)集成與綜合示范”,采用臭氧氧化-曝氣生物濾池(BAF)組合工藝處理電鍍廢水反滲透膜濃水。以佛山順德某電鍍工業(yè)園區(qū)的電鍍廢水反滲透濃水為處理對(duì)象,在臭氧氧化單元,考察了廢水初始p H、臭氧氣體質(zhì)量濃度和反應(yīng)時(shí)間等因素對(duì)臭氧氧化效果的影響以及臭氧氧化處理反滲透膜濃水的處理效能,初步探討了臭氧氧化電鍍廢水反滲透膜濃水的動(dòng)力學(xué)和反應(yīng)機(jī)理;在BAF單元,以臭氧預(yù)氧化后的反滲透膜濃水為對(duì)象,研究了水力停留時(shí)間和氣水比等因素對(duì)BAF單元COD去除效果的影響;最后在臭氧-BAF組合工藝的最佳運(yùn)行工況下,根據(jù)運(yùn)行的處理效果討論了組合工藝處理反滲透膜濃水的可行性。臭氧氧化實(shí)驗(yàn)表明,臭氧氧化處理反滲透膜濃水的最佳工藝參數(shù):廢水初始p H值為10,臭氧濃度為31.96mg/L,反應(yīng)時(shí)間為40min。在最佳工況條件下,臭氧氧化反滲透膜濃水過程中,隨著處理時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng),p H值由10逐漸降低到8左右;同樣隨著處理時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng),TOC濃度也逐漸降低,和COD的去除規(guī)律一致;廢水的可生化性由初始時(shí)的0.08提高到0.32,為后續(xù)的生化處理創(chuàng)造了良好的條件。同時(shí),通過分析討論,臭氧氧化反滲透濃水的反應(yīng)為一級(jí)反應(yīng),其表觀動(dòng)力學(xué)方程為ln C=5.3662-0.0162t,臭氧氧化反應(yīng)以間接反應(yīng)為主,反應(yīng)中的主導(dǎo)活性氧化物質(zhì)是羥基自由基(·OH)。BAF實(shí)驗(yàn)表明,BAF處理臭氧氧化后的反滲透膜濃水的最佳工藝參數(shù):BAF的水力停留時(shí)間為3h,氣水比為5:1。當(dāng)進(jìn)水COD為180-240mg/L,經(jīng)組合工藝處理后COD去除率達(dá)78.6%,平均出水COD濃度為47mg/L,達(dá)到了電鍍污染物排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中表3標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
[Abstract]:Electroplating industry has become an indispensable part of the modern industrial system in China. In the process of electroplating, a large number of electroplating wastewater, which can cause serious harm to the environment, have been produced. Enterprises are required to enforce more stringent emission standards. In addition, in order to develop a circular economy, save water for production, reduce costs, and reduce the amount of sewage discharged, local authorities require that the recycling rate of industrial water in electroplating enterprises be not less than 60 percent. It is an inevitable choice to treat electroplating wastewater by advanced treatment of membrane after separate treatment of electroplating wastewater. After reverse osmosis (RO), 35% of concentrated water (40%) has become a common technical problem for enterprises. In view of the difficulty of treatment of concentrated water after reverse osmosis (RO) membrane in electroplating industrial park, This project relies on the sub-project of the national water pollution control and treatment science and technology project (2012ZX07206-002), "Integration and comprehensive demonstration of risk control technology of industrial area drainage to water source river", and adopts the combination of ozone oxidation and biological aerated filter (BAFs). Reverse osmosis (RO) membrane concentrated water was used to treat electroplating wastewater from a electroplating industrial park in Shunde, Foshan. In the ozone oxidation unit, the effects of initial pH, concentration of ozone gas and reaction time on the ozonation effect and the efficiency of ozone oxidation in treating the concentrated water from reverse osmosis membrane were investigated. The kinetics and reaction mechanism of reverse osmosis membrane concentrated water in ozonation electroplating wastewater were preliminarily discussed. In BAF unit, the reverse osmosis membrane concentrated water after ozone preoxidation was taken as the object. The effects of hydraulic retention time (HRT) and air-water ratio on COD removal efficiency of BAF unit were studied. The feasibility of treating reverse osmosis membrane concentrated water by combined process is discussed according to the effect of operation. The optimum process parameters for treating RO membrane concentrated water by ozone oxidation are as follows: initial pH value of wastewater is 10, ozone concentration is 31.96 mg / L, reaction time is 40 min. With the prolongation of treatment time, the pH value decreased gradually from 10 to 8, and the concentration of TOC decreased with the prolongation of treatment time, which was consistent with the law of COD removal. The biodegradability of wastewater was increased from 0.08 at the beginning to 0.32, which created good conditions for subsequent biochemical treatment. At the same time, through analysis and discussion, the reaction of ozone oxidation in reverse osmosis concentrated water was a first-order reaction. The apparent kinetic equation is Ln C 5.3662-0.0162 t, and the ozone oxidation reaction is mainly indirect reaction. The main active oxidant in the reaction was hydroxyl radical (OH).BAF experiment showed that the best process parameter of treating the thick water of reverse osmosis membrane after ozone oxidation by OH).BAF was the HRT of 3 h and the ratio of air to water of 5: 1.When the influent COD was 180-240 mg / L / L, the optimum process parameters were as follows: 1: 1, when the influent COD was 180-240 mg / L), The removal rate of COD was 78.6 and the average concentration of COD in effluent was 47mg / L, which reached the standard of Table 3 of the discharge standard of electroplating pollutants.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X781.1

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