本文選題：立裝填料　切入點(diǎn)：流體力學(xué)　出處：《西北大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文針對(duì)填料塔中液相的壁流效應(yīng)、大范圍流體分布不均及徑向流動(dòng)所引起的“放大效應(yīng)”進(jìn)行了熱模實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。在直徑800mm工業(yè)規(guī)模精餾塔內(nèi),以乙醇水為物系,在全回流條件下,研究同規(guī)格的平裝與立裝兩種裝填方式的板波紋填料和金屬絲網(wǎng)填料的流體力學(xué)性能和傳質(zhì)性能。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示：同等條件下,立裝與平裝的板波紋填料相比,每米填料壓降平均降低36.52%,單位理論板壓降平均降低28.24%,等板高度平均增加18.15%；立裝與平裝的金屬絲網(wǎng)填料相比,每米填料壓降、單位理論板壓降變化不明顯,而等板高度平均增加10.99%。本次設(shè)計(jì)的立裝填料,是將整塊的平裝填料分割成8個(gè)小的傳質(zhì)單元,傳質(zhì)單元之間相互獨(dú)立,相當(dāng)于8個(gè)小型填料塔。希望借此隔斷液體的徑向流動(dòng),從而解決填料內(nèi)部流體不均勻分布問題,減弱填料塔的放大效應(yīng),提高傳質(zhì)效率。而實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示,兩種立裝填料與相應(yīng)平裝填料相比,傳質(zhì)效率有所降低,這與我們的預(yù)期恰好相反,說明立裝填料塔的構(gòu)思與實(shí)際不符。立裝填料塔使用了一種新型液體分配器,通過Perry作圖法對(duì)分配器分布質(zhì)量進(jìn)行初步評(píng)價(jià),并通過水力學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)其結(jié)果進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。結(jié)果表明：該分配器分布質(zhì)量均勻,分配性能良好。同時(shí)說明前述實(shí)驗(yàn)不存在初始分布不均問題。通過分析立裝填料塔內(nèi)的液體流動(dòng)分布機(jī)理,建立了針對(duì)立裝填料的壁流數(shù)學(xué)模型。認(rèn)為立裝填料基本解決了流體徑向流動(dòng)問題,但是分塊化的結(jié)構(gòu)導(dǎo)致實(shí)際的壁流量有所增加,且初步設(shè)計(jì)的立裝填料沒有考慮液體軸向上的重新分配。綜上使得液體局部的不均勻分布較為嚴(yán)重,氣液接觸狀況較差,傳質(zhì)效率下降。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the wall flow effect of liquid phase in packed column, the "amplification effect" caused by uneven fluid distribution in a wide range and radial flow are studied by thermo-model experiments. In a 800mm industrial scale distillation column with diameter, ethanol and water are used as material system. Under the condition of total reflux, the hydrodynamic properties and mass transfer properties of plate corrugated packing and wire mesh packing of the same size for paperback and vertical packing were studied. Compared with paperback plate corrugated packing, vertical packing has an average reduction of 36.52 pressure drops per meter of packing, unit theoretical plate pressure drop of 28.2424 and equal plate height of 18.15 percent. The pressure drop of the unit theoretical plate is not obvious, but the average height of the equal plate is increased by 10.99. the vertical packing designed this time is divided into eight small mass transfer units, the mass transfer units being independent of each other. It is hoped that the radial flow of the liquid will be cut off, thus solving the problem of uneven distribution of fluid in the packing, reducing the amplification effect of the packed tower and improving the mass transfer efficiency. The mass transfer efficiency of the two kinds of vertical packing is lower than that of the corresponding paperback packing, which is contrary to our expectation, which shows that the idea of the vertical packing tower is not in accordance with the actual situation. A new liquid distributor is used in the vertical packing tower. The distribution quality of the distributor is preliminarily evaluated by Perry method, and the results are verified by hydraulic experiments. The results show that the distribution quality of the distributor is uniform. The distribution performance is good. At the same time, it is proved that there is no initial uneven distribution problem in the experiment mentioned above. By analyzing the mechanism of liquid flow distribution in vertical packed column, The mathematical model of wall flow for vertical packing is established. It is considered that vertical packing basically solves the radial flow problem of fluid, but the actual wall flow rate is increased due to the block structure. The preliminary design of vertical packing does not take into account the axial redistribution of the liquid, which makes the local uneven distribution of the liquid more serious, the gas-liquid contact condition is poor, and the mass transfer efficiency is decreased.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TQ053.5

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本文編號(hào)：1673872