本文選題：熱塑性聚合物　切入點(diǎn)：熔融　出處：《青島科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：熱塑性聚合物被廣泛應(yīng)用于室內(nèi)裝修、建筑外墻保溫等領(lǐng)域。但由于其具有受熱軟化、熔融、流淌等特性,給火災(zāi)的防治帶來(lái)了許多新的問題。本文研究了幾種典型熱塑性聚合物材料的燃燒過(guò)程及熔體流動(dòng)行為,并進(jìn)一步分析了熔體的性質(zhì)及對(duì)燃燒過(guò)程的影響。首先采用錐形量熱儀研究了幾種熱塑性聚合物的燃燒行為、熔體運(yùn)動(dòng)現(xiàn)象及熔體熱性質(zhì)的演化對(duì)燃燒的影響。發(fā)現(xiàn)聚合物的裂解機(jī)理與其熔融現(xiàn)象和燃燒行為相關(guān),解聚為主的聚合物的熔體基本不流淌且燃燒速率較穩(wěn)定或只有一個(gè)增長(zhǎng)階段,隨機(jī)裂解的聚合物的部分熔體可流淌且燃燒速率曲線有兩個(gè)增長(zhǎng)階段。隨著燃燒的進(jìn)行聚乙烯(PE)和聚丙烯(PP)熔體的熱穩(wěn)定性不斷降低,分解熱(Hd)逐漸減小,燃燒熱(Hc)逐漸增大;而聚甲醛(POM)、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)和高抗沖聚苯乙烯(HIPS)的熱穩(wěn)定性和Hc幾乎不變。其次研究了熔體流滴行為及熔體性質(zhì),發(fā)現(xiàn)25kW/m2輻射熱流條件下,水平燃燒時(shí)聚合物產(chǎn)生可流動(dòng)熔體的比例從大到小為:聚酰胺PA6(0.79)PE(0.65-0.70)PP(0.39-0.46)HIPS(0.21)POM(0.13)PMMA(0.04),熔融指數(shù)越大的聚乙烯樣品所產(chǎn)生的流動(dòng)熔體的量越多。熔體的耐點(diǎn)燃性和燃燒熱值均高于原聚合物的,但零剪切粘度和粘流活化能顯著低于原料的。垂直燃燒時(shí)PP流滴速率最大,PA6流滴速率最小。最后研究了熔體流動(dòng)對(duì)點(diǎn)燃和燃燒過(guò)程的影響,結(jié)果表明,熔體向下流動(dòng)可延長(zhǎng)水平樣品的著火時(shí)間。熔體流淌受限時(shí)燃燒較穩(wěn)定,熔體可流淌時(shí)燃燒速率具有非線性特點(diǎn),且因燃燒面積擴(kuò)大導(dǎo)致平均燃燒速率是流淌受限時(shí)的1.2-2.0倍。
[Abstract]:Thermoplastic polymers are widely used in interior decoration, building exterior wall insulation and other fields. However, due to its heat softening, melting, flowing and other characteristics, This paper studies the combustion process and melt flow behavior of several typical thermoplastic polymer materials. The properties of the melt and its influence on the combustion process were further analyzed. Firstly, the combustion behavior of several thermoplastic polymers was studied by means of a cone calorimeter. The effects of melt motion and the evolution of melt thermal properties on combustion. It is found that the cracking mechanism of polymer is related to its melting phenomenon and combustion behavior. The melt of the depolymerized polymer is basically non-flowing and the combustion rate is stable or has only one growth stage. The partial melt of the randomly cracked polymer can flow and the combustion rate curve has two growth stages. The thermal stability of the melt decreases, the decomposition heat decreases gradually, and the combustion heat increases with the combustion of polyethylene (PE) and PP (PP) melts. However, the thermal stability and HC of POM, PMMA and HIPSs were almost unchanged. Secondly, the droplet behavior and melt properties of 25kW/m2 were studied, and it was found that under the radiation heat flux of 25kW/m2, the droplet behavior and melt properties were studied. During horizontal combustion, the ratio of flowing melt produced by polymer is from large to small: polyamide PA6, 0.79, PEI, 0.65-0.70, PPU, 0.39-0.46, HIPSU 0.21, POM0.13, PMMA-0.04, the larger the melting index, the larger the amount of flowing melt, the higher the ignition resistance and combustion calorific value of the melt are, the higher the ignition resistance and combustion calorific value of the melt are compared with those of the original polymer. However, the zero shear viscosity and viscous flow activation energy were significantly lower than those of raw materials. The maximum droplet rate of PP and PA6 droplet rate in vertical combustion was the lowest. Finally, the effect of melt flow on ignition and combustion process was studied. The melt flow down can prolong the ignition time of the horizontal sample, the combustion rate of the melt is stable when the melt flow is limited, and the combustion rate is nonlinear when the melt can flow, and the average combustion rate is 1.2-2.0 times higher than that under the limited flow due to the expansion of the combustion area.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TQ317;TQ038

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