發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-17 20:49

  本文選題：鈷摻雜　切入點(diǎn)：二氧化鈦　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著工業(yè)的發(fā)展，人們的生活水平有了顯著提高，然而，這是以環(huán)境污染和能源危機(jī)的日益加劇為代價(jià)的。因此找到如何使用先進(jìn)的科學(xué)技術(shù)來解決環(huán)境和能源問題的辦法是十分重要的。納米材料光催化劑能夠在室溫下利用太陽(yáng)能促使化學(xué)反應(yīng)的發(fā)生，因此利用它來治理環(huán)境污染以及生產(chǎn)清潔能源的技術(shù)研發(fā)工作具有十分深遠(yuǎn)的意義。目前，納米光催化技術(shù)在環(huán)保、化工、醫(yī)藥、食品等領(lǐng)域都發(fā)揮著重要的作用，但仍然存在著一些問題。如何在當(dāng)代科技領(lǐng)域有效地應(yīng)用這種技術(shù)已然成為了當(dāng)代科學(xué)中主要的研究熱點(diǎn)之一。 （1）TiO2光催化活性不高，對(duì)可見光的利用還有待開發(fā)，人們對(duì)如何提高TiO2的光催化活性，開發(fā)高效光催化劑還需要做進(jìn)一步的研究。 （2）半導(dǎo)體光催化氧化活性的關(guān)鍵在于電子-空穴對(duì)的復(fù)合與電荷轉(zhuǎn)移，因此我們對(duì)如何捕獲電子，減少電子-空穴對(duì)的復(fù)合的幾率要做更深入的研究。 （3） TiO2的制備方法和改性方法還可以優(yōu)化，制備出光催化性能更好的TiO2光催化材料。 本論文研究的主要內(nèi)容是： 一、利用共沉淀法和水熱煅燒法制備出TiO2納米管，研究水熱反應(yīng)中NaOH濃度對(duì)TiO_2納米管光催化性能的影響，通過單因素實(shí)驗(yàn)和正交試驗(yàn)研究水熱反應(yīng)溫度、水熱反應(yīng)時(shí)間、煅燒溫度、煅燒時(shí)間對(duì)TiO2光催化性能的影響，從而確定最佳工藝參數(shù)。 二、利用前面所得到的最佳反應(yīng)條件制備不同鈷離子摻雜量的二氧化鈦，對(duì)所得到的樣品通過X射線衍射（XRD）和透射電鏡（TEM）分析樣品的晶體晶型和內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)，通過EDS對(duì)樣品進(jìn)行元素分析。以亞甲基藍(lán)作為目標(biāo)降解物研究不同鈷離子摻雜量對(duì)樣品光催化性能的影響，從而得到鈷離子最佳摻雜量，使該樣品對(duì)亞甲基藍(lán)的降解率最高。 三、研究光催化過程中光源，亞甲基藍(lán)初始濃度，光催化劑加入量對(duì)光催化反應(yīng)的影響。 實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明：當(dāng)水熱反應(yīng)堿液濃度為10mol/L、水熱反應(yīng)溫度為130℃、水熱反應(yīng)時(shí)間為36h、煅燒溫度為400℃、煅燒時(shí)間為3h時(shí)，所得的二氧化鈦對(duì)亞甲基藍(lán)的降解率最高，可以達(dá)到81.3%。當(dāng)鈷離子摻雜量為1.3%時(shí)，所得到的Co-TiO2催化率最高，為97.2%。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明鈷離子摻雜促進(jìn)二氧化鈦光催化反應(yīng)，鈷離子摻雜1.3%的二氧化鈦較未摻雜的樣品光催化活性提高15.9%。另外對(duì)鈷離子摻雜1.3%的二氧化鈦樣品和純二氧化鈦樣品進(jìn)行XRD、TEM、EDS等表征分析。XRD結(jié)果表明最佳工藝參數(shù)下制備出的鈦氧化物為銳鈦礦相。TEM結(jié)果表明，最佳工藝參數(shù)下制備出的鈦氧化物為納米管結(jié)構(gòu)，管長(zhǎng)為50-100nm，管徑為15nm左右。EDS分析表明鈷離子摻雜在二氧化鈦晶格中。亞甲基藍(lán)初始濃度為20mg/L，光催化劑加入量為20mg。
[Abstract]:With the development of industry, people's living standard has been improved significantly, however, This is at the expense of environmental pollution and the growing energy crisis. It is therefore important to find ways to use advanced science and technology to solve environmental and energy problems. Nanomaterials photocatalysts can be used at room temperature. Using solar energy to promote chemical reactions, Therefore, it is of great significance to use it to control environmental pollution and produce clean energy technology. At present, nanometer photocatalytic technology plays an important role in the fields of environmental protection, chemical industry, medicine, food and so on. However, there are still some problems. How to effectively apply this technology in the field of contemporary science and technology has become one of the main research hotspots in contemporary science. The photocatalytic activity of TiO2 is not high and the utilization of visible light is still to be developed. It is necessary to do further research on how to improve the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 and how to develop high efficient photocatalyst. 2) the key to photocatalytic oxidation of semiconductors lies in the recombination and charge transfer of electron-hole pairs, so we need to do more in-depth research on how to capture electrons and reduce the probability of recombination of electron-hole pairs. The preparation and modification methods of TiO2 can also be optimized to prepare TiO2 photocatalytic materials with better photocatalytic performance. The main contents of this thesis are as follows:. Firstly, TiO2 nanotubes were prepared by co-precipitation and hydrothermal calcination. The effects of NaOH concentration on photocatalytic properties of TiO_2 nanotubes were studied. The hydrothermal reaction temperature and hydrothermal reaction time were studied by single factor experiment and orthogonal test. The effects of calcination temperature and calcination time on the photocatalytic performance of TiO2 were discussed. Secondly, titanium dioxide with different doping amounts of cobalt ions was prepared by using the optimum reaction conditions obtained before. The crystal form and internal structure of the samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Elemental analysis of the sample was carried out by EDS. The effect of doping amount of cobalt ion on the photocatalytic performance of the sample was studied with methylene blue as the target degradation material. The optimum doping amount of cobalt ion was obtained, and the degradation rate of methylene blue was the highest in the sample. Thirdly, the effects of light source, initial concentration of methylene blue and amount of photocatalyst on photocatalytic reaction were studied. The experimental results show that when the concentration of hydrothermal reaction lye is 10 mol / L, the hydrothermal reaction temperature is 130 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1626417