本文選題：氨合成塔　切入點：有限元法　出處：《湘潭大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：氨合成塔是合成氨的核心設備,通常采用裙座支撐方式,然而支撐區(qū)由于溫度梯度大,局部應力過大,時常導致支座結構的破壞。在中小型塔器中,支承式支座結構逐漸取代了裙座結構。本文以DN 1000氨合成塔為例,利用大型有限元分析軟件ANSYS對該氨合成塔支承式結構及裙座支撐區(qū)進行分析,具體內容如下:首先,對氨合成塔支撐底架進行應力分析,由于結構不合理,于是對底架提出三種改進結構,分別進行應力分析,并在此基礎上,通過進一步改進結構使得底架滿足強度及剛度要求。同時對槽鋼結構進行優(yōu)化設計,并對優(yōu)化前后的結構進行對比分析。其次,對氨合成塔支承式結構和裙座結構支撐區(qū)分別進行機械應力分析、熱應力分析、機械應力與熱應力綜合分析以及應力評定,并且采用“結構優(yōu)化法”對二種支撐區(qū)結構進行優(yōu)化設計,并對優(yōu)化前后結構進行對比分析。最后,對氨合成塔下封頭組件及底架整體進行應力分析和應力評定,并且以支撐板底端離下封頭端部的距離H為設計變量對支承式支座支撐區(qū)支撐位置進行優(yōu)化設計,并對優(yōu)化前后結構進行對比分析。本文利用ANSYS對氨合成塔支座支撐區(qū)結構進行應力分析,驗證支承式支座結構的可靠性及優(yōu)化設計的可行性,并對此種支座結構的設計具有理論參考和指導意義。
[Abstract]:Ammonia converter is the core equipment of ammonia synthesis, which is usually supported by pedestal. However, because of the large temperature gradient and excessive local stress in the support area, it often leads to the destruction of the supporting structure. The supporting pedestal structure has gradually replaced the skirt pedestal structure. In this paper, the supporting structure and pedestal support area of the ammonia synthesis tower are analyzed by using the large-scale finite element analysis software ANSYS. The main contents are as follows: first of all, The stress analysis of the support underframe of ammonia converter is carried out. Because of the unreasonable structure, three kinds of improved structure are put forward to analyze the stress of the underframe, and on this basis, Through further improvement of the structure, the underframe meets the requirements of strength and stiffness. At the same time, the channel steel structure is optimized, and the structure before and after the optimization is compared and analyzed. Secondly, Mechanical stress analysis, thermal stress analysis, comprehensive analysis of mechanical stress and thermal stress, and stress evaluation of supporting structure of ammonia converter and pedestal structure are carried out. The structure optimization method is used to optimize the structure of two kinds of bracing area, and the structure before and after the optimization is compared and analyzed. Finally, the stress analysis and stress assessment of the head assembly and the underframe of the ammonia synthesis tower are carried out. Taking the distance between the bottom end of the supporting plate and the end of the lower head as the design variable, the supporting position of the support region of the supporting support is optimized. In this paper, the stress analysis of the support region structure of ammonia converter is carried out by using ANSYS to verify the reliability of the supporting support structure and the feasibility of optimal design. And it has theoretical reference and guiding significance for the design of this kind of bearing structure.
【學位授予單位】：湘潭大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TQ113.252

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本文編號：1616337