發(fā)布時間：2018-03-15 05:37

  本文選題：氫氧根離子交換膜　切入點(diǎn)：噻唑　出處：《大連理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：氫氧根離子交換膜燃料電池是一項(xiàng)新興的燃料電池,相比于質(zhì)子交換膜燃料電池,它具有電極反應(yīng)速率快、制備成本低和可用非貴金屬作為催化劑等優(yōu)點(diǎn),更適合于直接甲醇燃料電池。氫氧根離子交換膜作為其核心部件,起著分隔陰陽極室和傳導(dǎo)氫氧根離子的作用,直接決定著氫氧根離子交換膜燃料電池的性能和壽命。氫氧根離子傳導(dǎo)率低、離子傳導(dǎo)基團(tuán)穩(wěn)定性差是氫氧根離子交換膜需要進(jìn)一步改善的關(guān)鍵問題。本文分別采用噻唑、1-甲基吡咯烷作為季銨化基團(tuán),以綜合性能優(yōu)異的工程材料聚醚醚酮(PEEK)和具有高性能的工程塑料聚醚砜(PES)作為基體材料,成功制備了噻唑季銨化PEEK和PES、和1-甲基吡咯烷季銨化PEEK和PES氫氧根離子交換膜。首先選用噻唑作為季銨基團(tuán),采用溶液澆鑄法成功制備出PEEK-ThOH和PES-ThOH膜,并對系列膜的各項(xiàng)性能進(jìn)行了測試,結(jié)果表明：IEC在0.48 mmol/g-1.13mmol/g范圍內(nèi)的PES-ThOH膜吸水率(≤60%)和溶脹度(≤30%)均適中。IEC為1.26mmol/g的PES-ThOH膜在60℃時的吸水率相對較高,使得膜的氫氧根離子傳導(dǎo)率在60℃時達(dá)到了最大值(35.7 mScm-1);相比于PES-ThOH膜,PEEK-ThOH膜的吸水率均略有提高,IEC在0.88 mmol/g-1.56mmol/g范圍內(nèi)的PEEK-ThOH膜可以保持良好的吸水率(≤100%)以及適中的溶脹度(≤40%),IEC為1.78mmol/g的PEEK-ThOH膜氫氧根離子傳導(dǎo)率在60℃時增勢變緩,但也達(dá)到了50.3mScm-1。PES-ThOH的TOD(161℃)略高于PEEK-ThOH的TOD(148℃)。PES-ThOH和PEEK-ThOH膜在20℃時的化學(xué)穩(wěn)定性較好,在30-60℃時的化學(xué)穩(wěn)定性較差,PES-ThOH的化學(xué)穩(wěn)定性稍優(yōu)于PEEK-ThOH。為了進(jìn)一步提高膜的氫氧根離子傳導(dǎo)率,選用堿性更強(qiáng)的1-甲基吡咯烷作為季銨基團(tuán),制各出PEEK-PyOH和PES-PyOH膜,也對系列膜的各項(xiàng)性能進(jìn)行了測試,結(jié)果表明：IEC為1.48mmol/g的PES-PyOH膜在溫度升至60℃時,因過度吸水而溶解在水中,IEC為1.21 mmol/g的PES-PyOH膜氫氧根離子傳導(dǎo)率在60℃時最高可以達(dá)到48.6mS/cm;對于PEEK-PyOH膜,常溫下,隨著IEC從0.96mmol/g增加到2.07mmol/g,對應(yīng)的吸水率從38.2%增加到152.3%,IEC為2.07mmol/g的PEEK-PyOH膜在常溫下的氫氧根離子傳導(dǎo)率可以達(dá)到36.8 mScm-1,在50℃C時達(dá)到最高,為53.5 mScm-1。PES-PyOH的TOD(248℃)高于PEEK-PyOH的TOD(115℃), PES-PyOH和PEEK-PyOH膜的化學(xué)穩(wěn)定性隨溫度的變化規(guī)律與PES-ThOH和PEEK-ThOH膜一致,但PES-ThOH和PEEK-ThOH膜要優(yōu)于PES-PyOH和PEEK-PyOH膜。
[Abstract]:Hydroxyl ion exchange membrane fuel cell is a new kind of fuel cell. Compared with proton exchange membrane fuel cell, it has the advantages of fast electrode reaction rate, low preparation cost and the use of non-precious metal as catalyst. It is more suitable for direct methanol fuel cells. As the core component of the membrane, the hydroxyl ion exchange membrane acts as the function of separating the cathode and anode chambers from conducting the hydroxide ions. This directly determines the performance and lifetime of the hydrogen-oxygen ion exchange membrane fuel cell. The poor stability of ionic conduction group is the key problem for the further improvement of hydroxyl ion exchange membrane. In this paper, thiazolium 1-methylpyrrolidine is used as quaternary ammonium group, and thiazolium 1-methylpyrrolidine is used as quaternary ammonium group. The engineering materials (polyether ether ketone) (PEEK) and engineering plastics (polyether sulfone) (PES) with excellent comprehensive properties were used as matrix materials. Thiazolium quaternary ammonium PEEK and PESand 1-methylpyrrolidine quaternary ammonium PEEK and PES hydroxide ion exchange membranes were successfully prepared. Firstly, PEEK-ThOH and PES-ThOH films were successfully prepared by solution casting with thiazole as quaternary ammonium group. The results showed that the water absorption rate (鈮，

本文編號：1614689