本文選題：油井水泥　切入點(diǎn)：硅質(zhì)晶須　出處：《西南石油大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：在油氣井工程中,水泥環(huán)性能是影響后續(xù)鉆進(jìn)與油氣開采的關(guān)鍵因素。隨著目前油氣勘探開發(fā)向深部、低滲透、海洋、非常規(guī)油氣藏的延伸,油氣井對(duì)水泥環(huán)的性能要求也越來越高。水泥環(huán)這一水泥基材料屬于脆性材料,抗壓強(qiáng)度與彈性模量較高,抗拉強(qiáng)度較低,破壞時(shí)體現(xiàn)出較為明顯的脆裂特征,在井下易產(chǎn)生大量微裂紋,造成水泥環(huán)層間封隔能力下降,水泥環(huán)完整性受到破壞。因此,基于水泥環(huán)的微觀結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)其進(jìn)行增韌對(duì)提高水泥環(huán)層間封固能力具有重要意義。論文在調(diào)研前人研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)水泥石微裂紋萌生、擴(kuò)展的尺度效應(yīng)提出采用不同尺寸的晶須材料對(duì)水泥石進(jìn)行力學(xué)改性。論文研究了直徑500nm,長度集中于10-30μm的A類硅質(zhì)晶須、直徑0.5-2.5μm,長度集中于200-300μm的B類硅質(zhì)晶須單種摻入以及二者混雜摻入對(duì)水泥石力學(xué)性能的影響。結(jié)果顯示二者均可顯著改善油井水泥石的力學(xué)性能。其中,1%摻量的A類硅質(zhì)晶須水泥石試樣的28d抗壓、抗拉及抗折強(qiáng)度相較于純水泥試樣分別提高了 9%、104%及26%,并且試樣的極限應(yīng)變超過5%,相較于純水泥試樣提高了約194%,彈性模量為4648.4MPa,相對(duì)于純水泥試樣降低了31.1%;2%摻量的B類硅質(zhì)晶須水泥石的28d抗壓、抗拉及抗折強(qiáng)度相對(duì)于純水泥試樣分別提高了19%、100%及34%,試樣的極限應(yīng)變達(dá)到了4.2%,相較于純水泥試樣提高了約147%,彈性模量為5429.3MPa,相對(duì)于純水泥試樣降低了19.5%;1%摻量的A類晶須與2%摻量的B類晶須混雜增強(qiáng)水泥石試樣的28d抗壓、抗拉及抗折強(qiáng)度相對(duì)于純水泥試樣分別改善了 21%、129%及42%,極限應(yīng)變?yōu)?%,相對(duì)于純水泥試樣提高了約253%,彈性模量為4027.6MPa,相比于純水泥試樣降低了約40.3%,表現(xiàn)了良好的多層次增韌效果。水泥環(huán)完整性評(píng)價(jià)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明A類晶須、B類晶須與混雜晶須均有效提高了水泥環(huán)完整性。對(duì)水泥石試樣進(jìn)行了 XRD測(cè)試分析、紅外光譜分析、壓汞孔隙分布測(cè)試、掃描電鏡觀察等測(cè)試,探討了不同尺度晶須對(duì)水泥石的增韌機(jī)理。測(cè)試結(jié)果表明不同尺寸的硅質(zhì)晶須均不影響水泥石的水化過程與水化產(chǎn)物;SEM觀察發(fā)現(xiàn),尺寸較小的A類硅質(zhì)晶須表面附著有水化產(chǎn)物,與基體結(jié)合較好,在裂紋萌生、擴(kuò)展初期通過橋連、偏轉(zhuǎn)以及拔出效應(yīng)等增強(qiáng)水泥石力學(xué)性能;尺寸較大的B類硅質(zhì)晶須與水泥石基體結(jié)合界面較A類硅質(zhì)晶須要差,通過自身較大的接觸面積,在裂紋擴(kuò)展過程中與基體拉扯、摩擦耗散能量,最終達(dá)到增強(qiáng)基體的目的;當(dāng)上述兩類晶須混雜摻入時(shí),不同尺寸的硅質(zhì)晶須在裂紋擴(kuò)展的不同階段進(jìn)行阻裂,協(xié)同增強(qiáng)基體,實(shí)現(xiàn)增強(qiáng)作用的尺寸梯度,更為有效地提高了水泥石試樣的力學(xué)強(qiáng)度。研究結(jié)果表明,A類硅質(zhì)晶須與B類硅質(zhì)晶須均可有效改善油井水泥石的力學(xué)性能與微觀結(jié)構(gòu),二者混雜體現(xiàn)了良好的多尺度增韌效果。研究結(jié)果對(duì)油井水泥石增韌及水泥環(huán)完整性維持有一定的指導(dǎo)意義和應(yīng)用價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:In oil and gas engineering, cement performance is a key factor affecting the subsequent drilling and exploitation of oil and gas. With the development of oil and gas exploration to deep, low permeability, ocean, extension of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs, oil and gas properties of cement are increasingly high requirements. The water base mud cement the material is a brittle material, compressive strength and elastic modulus of high tensile strength, low failure shows obvious brittle fracture characteristics in the underground, easy to produce a large number of micro cracks, resulting in cement interlayer isolation ability of cement decreased, destruction of integrity. Therefore, the microstructure of the toughened cement is of great significance to improve the cement fixation capacity of sealing layer. Based on the research in this paper based on the results of previous studies, according to the initiation of cement micro cracks, expansion of scale effect is proposed with different sizes of whisker material force on the cement Study of modification were studied in this paper. The diameter of 500nm, length from 10-30 m a silicon whisker diameter of 0.5-2.5, m, B concentration in 200-300 siliceous whisker length m single doped and two incorporated effects on mechanical properties of cement pastes. The results showed that the mechanical properties of the two can be significantly improved oil well cement stone. Among them, a siliceous cement compressive whisker specimens with 1% dosage of 28d, the tensile and flexural strength compared with pure cement samples were increased by 9%, 104% and 26%, and more than 5% specimens of ultimate strain, compared to the pure cement sample is increased by about 194%, the elastic modulus is 4648.4MPa, relative in the pure cement sample decreased by 31.1%; the dosage of 2% B compressive siliceous cement 28d whisker, tensile and flexural strength compared to pure cement samples were increased by 19%, 100% and 34%, the ultimate strain samples reached 4.2%, compared to the pure water mud sample increased About 147%, the elastic modulus is 5429.3MPa, compared to pure cement samples decreased by 19.5%; enhance the compressive cement specimens of 28d hybrid B whisker whisker and a 2% volume 1% content, the tensile and flexural strength compared to pure cement samples were improved by 21%, 129% and 42%, the limit is 6%, compared to pure cement sample is increased by about 253%, the elastic modulus is 4027.6MPa, compared to the pure cement sample is reduced by about 40.3%, the performance of multi-level toughening. Cement integrity evaluation showed that a B whisker, whisker and hybrid whiskers can improve the cement integrity of cement stone. Samples XRD test analysis, infrared spectrum analysis, mercury intrusion pore distribution test, SEM observation, discussed the mechanism of different scale Whisker Toughening on cement stone. Test results show that the different size did not affect the cement silica whisker The hydration process and hydration products of stone; SEM observed that a smaller siliceous whisker surface attachment of hydration products, combined well with the matrix, the crack initiation, propagation through early bridging, deflection and extraction effect enhanced mechanical properties of cement stone; a larger size of B whiskers siliceous and cement stone the substrate interface is a silicon whisker to poor, through its own large contact area, and pulled the matrix in the crack propagation process, friction energy dissipation, and ultimately achieve the purpose of enhancing the matrix; when the two kinds of whisker incorporated, different stages of different sizes of siliceous whisker in the crack propagation of crack resistance, synergy enhance the matrix, enhance the size gradient effect, effectively improve the mechanical strength of the cement stone samples. The results showed that the class A and class B siliceous siliceous whisker whisker can effectively improve the strength of cement stone The two properties of microstructures show good multi-scale toughening effect. The research results have guiding significance and practical value for toughening of oil well cement and cement ring integrity.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TQ172.75

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