本文選題：聚砜　切入點(diǎn)：中空纖維膜　出處：《天津工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：干-濕法紡絲制備聚砜中空纖維膜的過(guò)程中,由于鑄膜液中的聚合物、溶劑和添加劑之間的相互作用,以及紡絲過(guò)程中鑄膜液溫度、凝固浴和芯液組成、凝固浴溫度、卷繞速度等工藝參數(shù)的綜合影響,導(dǎo)致對(duì)于制備不同類(lèi)型(如高水通量、高截留率)的超微濾膜時(shí),各因素對(duì)膜結(jié)構(gòu)形態(tài)的形成和成形后膜性能的影響趨勢(shì)和程度不同。此外,常規(guī)方法制備的高水通量的聚砜中空纖維微濾膜的微孔結(jié)構(gòu)穩(wěn)定性較差,隨運(yùn)行時(shí)間甚至存放時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng),水通量有不同程度的衰減。如何通過(guò)適當(dāng)?shù)暮筇幚?提高膜結(jié)構(gòu)的穩(wěn)定性,減小膜在存放或運(yùn)行過(guò)程中水通量的衰減,或通過(guò)紡絲-拉伸-熱定型一步法制備較為穩(wěn)定的高通量微濾膜,是工業(yè)生產(chǎn)應(yīng)用中的重要研究課題。論文以鑄膜液組成、中空纖維膜紡絲工藝參數(shù)及所制備的聚砜中空纖維膜為研究對(duì)象,采用膜水通量截留測(cè)試裝置、掃描電鏡、紫外分光光度計(jì)等儀器設(shè)備,對(duì)不同條件所制備的中空纖維膜和不同拉伸-熱定型條件處理后的樣品進(jìn)行了測(cè)試分析。通過(guò)控制凝固浴溫度、空氣浴高度、芯液組成、添加劑種類(lèi)和含量、聚合物濃度等參數(shù),研究其對(duì)膜結(jié)構(gòu)和性能的影響,并制備出高水通量超濾膜和高截留超濾膜。結(jié)果表明,凝固浴溫度為70℃,空氣浴高度為190mm,芯液中DMAc含量為70%時(shí)能制備出在0.1MPa測(cè)試壓力下,通量高達(dá)1000L/(m2·h),對(duì)卵清蛋白的截留率為90%的高通量聚砜中空纖維超濾膜;聚合物濃度為33%,凝固浴溫度為30℃,添加含量為12%時(shí),制備出對(duì)PEG6000截留率達(dá)到99%,對(duì)PEG4000截留率達(dá)80%的高截留聚砜中空纖維超濾膜。實(shí)驗(yàn)中對(duì)已制備的高通量中空纖維微濾膜進(jìn)行不同比例拉伸后,放入電熱鼓風(fēng)干燥箱中進(jìn)行熱處理。研究了拉伸率、熱定型溫度、熱定型時(shí)間對(duì)膜水通量和結(jié)構(gòu)的影響。結(jié)果表明:不同程度的拉伸-熱定型對(duì)聚砜中空纖維微濾膜的水通量有明顯影響。本實(shí)驗(yàn)中的最佳處理?xiàng)l件是拉伸10%后,60℃熱定型1Omin,測(cè)試80min后膜絲的水通量較未處理的原絲提高22%。適當(dāng)?shù)睦?熱定型對(duì)微濾膜的水通量和微孔結(jié)構(gòu)穩(wěn)定性有一定的提高。
[Abstract]:In the process of preparing polysulfone hollow fiber membrane by dry and wet spinning, due to the interaction among polymer, solvent and additive in casting solution, the temperature of casting film solution, the composition of solidification bath and core solution, the solidification bath temperature, The comprehensive influence of winding speed and other technological parameters on the preparation of different types of ultrafiltration membranes, such as high water flux and high retention rate, has different trends and degrees of influence on the formation of membrane structure and the properties of formed membranes. The micropore structure stability of high water flux polysulfone hollow fiber microfiltration membrane prepared by conventional method is poor. With the extension of running time and even storage time, the water flux decreases in varying degrees. To improve the stability of the membrane structure and reduce the water flux attenuation during the storage or operation of the membrane, or to prepare a more stable high-flux microfiltration membrane by spinning, stretching and heat setting. It is an important research subject in industrial production and application. The composition of casting membrane, the spinning process parameters of hollow fiber membrane and the prepared polysulfone hollow fiber membrane are studied in this paper. The membrane water flux retention test device is used, and the scanning electron microscope (SEM) is used. The hollow fiber membrane prepared under different conditions and the samples treated with different stretching and heat setting conditions were tested and analyzed by means of controlling coagulation bath temperature, air bath height, core liquid composition, and so on. The effects of additives, content and polymer concentration on the structure and properties of the membrane were studied, and the high water flux ultrafiltration membrane and high retention ultrafiltration membrane were prepared. The results showed that the coagulation bath temperature was 70 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1584517