發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-04 18:13

  本文選題：添加劑　切入點(diǎn)：合成碳酸鈣晶體　出處：《西北大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：論文主要針對(duì)不同的有機(jī)、無(wú)機(jī)添加劑對(duì)碳酸鹽晶體的晶型、尺寸以及形貌等性質(zhì)產(chǎn)生的影響進(jìn)行研究。將碳酸鈣作為研究對(duì)象,利用仿生合成技術(shù),制備出具有多種特殊形貌的碳酸鈣晶體,并對(duì)其結(jié)構(gòu)和形貌進(jìn)行表征。以瓊脂糖凝膠、糖類有機(jī)物、醇/水溶液、氨基酸有機(jī)物、蛋白質(zhì)/水溶液以及無(wú)機(jī)Mg2+作為添加劑,采用液相法制備出不同晶型和形貌的碳酸鈣粒子,通過(guò)控制反應(yīng)的條件和添加劑的濃度,可以制備出球狀、啞鈴狀、針棒狀等多種形貌的碳酸鈣粒子。將不同地質(zhì)環(huán)境中特殊形貌的碳酸鹽礦物與實(shí)驗(yàn)室合成的碳酸鈣進(jìn)行對(duì)比發(fā)現(xiàn)：自然界地質(zhì)環(huán)境中發(fā)現(xiàn)的特殊形貌的碳酸鹽礦物與實(shí)驗(yàn)室不同添加劑條件下合成的碳酸鈣晶體在顯微形貌和顯微結(jié)構(gòu)方面極為相似,但是兩者在物質(zhì)組成、顆粒尺寸以及生成環(huán)境等方面不同。通過(guò)實(shí)例與實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果對(duì)比,認(rèn)為微生物對(duì)于碳酸鹽礦物形貌的影響可能為其本身所含的某些有機(jī)質(zhì)對(duì)碳酸鈣結(jié)晶形貌產(chǎn)生了影響,烏魯木齊地區(qū)中二疊統(tǒng)蘆草溝組具有微球狀特殊形貌的白云石很可能與富含-OH、-COOH等有機(jī)分子的凝膠狀物質(zhì)有密切的關(guān)系；青海七個(gè)泉組鮞�；�?guī)r中方解石、石膏表面的米粒狀突起可能屬于晶體本身一部分,是晶體在結(jié)晶過(guò)程出現(xiàn)的晶面不光滑現(xiàn)象。本論文通過(guò)將實(shí)驗(yàn)室使用添加劑誘導(dǎo)合成具有特殊形貌碳酸鈣與現(xiàn)代沉積物和古代碳酸鹽巖中發(fā)現(xiàn)的特殊形態(tài)(微球狀、微棒狀)方解石和白云石進(jìn)行顯微形態(tài)和結(jié)構(gòu)上的對(duì)比,初步探索自然界此類碳酸鹽礦物可能的成因機(jī)理,研究結(jié)果對(duì)于探索地質(zhì)歷史時(shí)期碳酸鹽礦物的形成機(jī)理也具有一定的意義。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the effects of different organic and inorganic additives on the crystal shape, size and morphology of carbonate crystals were studied. Calcium carbonate crystals with various special morphologies were prepared, and their structures and morphology were characterized. Agarose gels, carbohydrates, alcohols / aqueous solutions, amino acid organics, protein / aqueous solutions and inorganic Mg2 were used as additives. Calcium carbonate particles with different crystal forms and morphologies were prepared by liquid phase method. By controlling the reaction conditions and the concentration of additives, spherical and dumbbell particles could be prepared. Calcium carbonate particles with various morphologies, such as needle rods. Comparison of carbonate minerals with special morphologies in different geological environments with calcium carbonate synthesized in laboratory: carbonate minerals with special morphology found in natural geological environments. The microstructure and microstructure of calcium carbonate crystals synthesized under different additives in laboratory are very similar. But they are different in material composition, particle size and formation environment. It is considered that the effect of microbes on the morphology of carbonate minerals may be due to the effect of some organic matter contained therein on the morphology of calcium carbonate crystals. The dolomite of the Lucaogou formation of the Middle Permian in Urumqi area is probably closely related to the gel-like material rich in organic molecules such as -OHH-COOH, and calcite in the oolitic limestone of the Qiquan formation in Qinghai Province. The granulated protrusions on the gypsum surface may be part of the crystal itself. In this paper, we used additives to induce the synthesis of calcium carbonate with special morphology and the special morphology (microsphere) found in modern sediments and ancient carbonate rocks. Comparison of microscopic morphology and structure between calcite and dolomite, and preliminary exploration of the possible genetic mechanism of these carbonate minerals in nature. The results are also of significance for exploring the formation mechanism of carbonate minerals in geological history.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TQ132.32

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本文編號(hào)：1566760