本文關鍵詞： 動態(tài)膜 油水乳化液 中試裝置 陶瓷膜　出處：《大連理工大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：含油廢水中的乳化油,因其存在形式穩(wěn)定而較難處理,分離的關鍵在于乳化油的破乳。當前含乳化油處理手段多種多樣,而膜分離法作為一種無相變、低能耗、高效率的油水分離方法正受到越來越多的關注。但是固定膜分離乳化油容易引起膜污染而導致分離性能下降。因此,油水分離膜的親水改性作為固定膜的一種有效抗污染手段成為近些年來研究的熱點。動態(tài)膜技術憑借自身低成本、通量大等優(yōu)勢,被較多地應用在固定膜親水改性研究中。而小試基礎上的中試研究是實現技術工業(yè)化應用的前提。本課題組在前期實驗研究中,制備了多種陶瓷膜基動態(tài)膜。通過油水分離性能分析,確定了陶瓷膜基Zr02動態(tài)膜為一種油水分離效果較好的動態(tài)膜。并運用灰色關聯分析等方法優(yōu)化出該動態(tài)膜的最優(yōu)制備條件和油水分離條件。但同時,動態(tài)膜小試實驗裝置存在油水處理量小等問題。為進一步向工業(yè)化邁進,需要進行合理化放大并進行相關實驗研究。本文正是在課題組前期研究的基礎上,進行了動態(tài)膜中試實驗裝置的設計及搭建工作。裝置共設置三套系統,分別是涂膜系統、油水分離系統和清洗系統。三套系統分別獨立運行。在完成總體流程設計的基礎上,進行了總體管路排布及設備擺放等工作,并對裝置中主要組件進行了設計、加工,如七通道動態(tài)膜組件等。通過試運行,證明裝置密封性能良好,通過調試確定了裝置穩(wěn)定運行的操作條件。在此基礎上,分別進行了基膜純水通量實驗、ZrO2動態(tài)膜制備實驗及動態(tài)膜油水分離實驗。研究了主要操作條件對滲透通量的影響�；ぜ兯繉嶒炛�,著重考察了溫度、操作壓力、流量對純水通量的影響；ZrO2動態(tài)膜制備實驗中,重點考察了操作壓力、溫度、流量及涂膜液濃度對涂膜過程的影響；動態(tài)膜油水分離實驗中,考察了涂膜因素(涂膜流量、涂膜壓差、涂膜溫度、涂膜液濃度)及操作因素(操作壓力、油水乳化液pH值)對油水分離效果的影響。本文設計和加工的動態(tài)膜實驗裝置可用于各種形式動態(tài)膜組件的使用,裝置可以實現動態(tài)膜的制備、液體分離、系統清洗等功能。本文工作的開展,將為進一步的動態(tài)膜理論及實驗研究提供支持。
[Abstract]:Emulsified oil in oily wastewater is difficult to be treated because of its stable form. The key to separation is the demulsification of emulsified oil. More and more attention has been paid to the high efficiency oil-water separation methods. However, the fixed membrane separation of emulsified oil is liable to lead to membrane fouling, which leads to the degradation of separation performance. Hydrophilic modification of oil-water separation membrane, as an effective anti-fouling method, has become a hotspot in recent years. Dynamic membrane technology has the advantages of low cost and large flux. It is widely used in the hydrophilic modification of fixed membrane. The pilot-scale experiment on the basis of small scale experiment is the premise of realizing the industrialization of technology. A variety of ceramic membrane based dynamic membranes were prepared. The Zr02 dynamic membrane based on ceramic membrane was determined to be a kind of dynamic membrane with better oil / water separation effect. The optimum preparation conditions and oil / water separation conditions of the dynamic membrane were optimized by means of grey correlation analysis, but at the same time, the optimum conditions for oil / water separation were obtained. In order to make further progress towards industrialization, it is necessary to carry out reasonable amplification and related experimental research. This paper is based on the previous research of the research group. In this paper, the design and construction of the dynamic membrane pilot-scale experimental device are carried out. There are three sets of systems, one is the coating system, the other is the oil-water separation system and the cleaning system. The three systems run independently. On the basis of the overall process design, the three systems are operated independently. The main components of the device are designed and processed, such as the seven-channel dynamic membrane assembly, etc. Through the trial operation, the sealing performance of the device is proved to be good. The operating conditions for the stable operation of the device are determined by debugging. The preparation experiment of ZrO2 dynamic membrane and the separation experiment of oil and water were carried out respectively. The influence of main operating conditions on permeation flux was studied. In the experiment of pure water flux of base membrane, the temperature and operating pressure were investigated emphatically. Effect of flow rate on pure water flux in the preparation of ZrO _ 2 dynamic membrane, the effects of operating pressure, temperature, flow rate and concentration of film solution on the process of film coating were investigated, and the factors of coating film (film flow rate, flow rate of film) were investigated in the dynamic membrane oil-water separation experiment. The influence of film pressure difference, film temperature, film concentration and operation factors (operating pressure, pH value of oil-water emulsion) on the separation of oil and water. The dynamic membrane experimental device designed and processed in this paper can be used for the use of various kinds of dynamic membrane assemblies. The device can achieve the functions of dynamic membrane preparation, liquid separation, system cleaning and so on. The development of this paper will provide support for the further research of dynamic membrane theory and experiment.
【學位授予單位】：大連理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TQ051.893

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