發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-02-23 04:27

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 質(zhì)子交換膜燃料電池 微電網(wǎng) 功率平滑 參數(shù)辨識(shí) 無(wú)源控制　出處：《鄭州大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著能源短缺加劇和環(huán)保意識(shí)增強(qiáng),采用綠色清潔能源發(fā)電的微電網(wǎng)技術(shù)發(fā)展迅速。而質(zhì)子交換膜燃料電池(Proton Exchange Membrane Fuell Cell,PEMFC)發(fā)電技術(shù)使用氫氣作為燃料,產(chǎn)物是水,零排放無(wú)污染,并且具有能效高、穩(wěn)定可靠的特點(diǎn),備受青睞。本文針對(duì)含燃料電池的微電網(wǎng)建模與控制問(wèn)題進(jìn)行研究,包括PEMFC模型的構(gòu)建、參數(shù)辨識(shí)以及仿真論證;含直流變換器的PEMFC發(fā)電系統(tǒng)控制策略設(shè)計(jì);PEMFC和風(fēng)能混合型微電網(wǎng)建模以及控制策略。主要內(nèi)容如下:首先,根據(jù)運(yùn)行機(jī)理,參考相關(guān)文獻(xiàn),分別搭建PEMFC單電池電化學(xué)穩(wěn)態(tài)和電壓動(dòng)態(tài)仿真模型。為了對(duì)比研究?jī)烧咧g不同運(yùn)行特性及工作過(guò)程,利用Matlab/Simulink軟件研究了PEMFC電壓、效率以及功率隨電流密度變化情況,仿真結(jié)果既論證了所搭建模型的準(zhǔn)確性,同時(shí)也表明PEMFC動(dòng)態(tài)模型具有更加優(yōu)良的響應(yīng)特性,能夠更好的描述PEMFC實(shí)際工作過(guò)程。其次,針對(duì)PEMFC建模過(guò)程中涉及多個(gè)不確定性參數(shù),采用五種不同慣性權(quán)重的粒子群(PSO)算法辨識(shí)這些參數(shù),通過(guò)和實(shí)際采集數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析,最終選出一組最優(yōu)參數(shù)用于PEMFC建模。然后,針對(duì)PEMFC存在動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)慢、輸出電壓變化范圍大、輸出功率小等問(wèn)題,利用前級(jí)Boost型DC/DC變換器的無(wú)源特性,參考無(wú)源控制方法,設(shè)計(jì)了含直流變換器的PEMFC發(fā)電系統(tǒng)無(wú)源性控制器,并設(shè)置了PI控制對(duì)比實(shí)驗(yàn)。結(jié)果顯示,采用無(wú)源性控制策略時(shí),系統(tǒng)表現(xiàn)出更強(qiáng)的抵抗擾動(dòng)的能力以及更加優(yōu)良的動(dòng)態(tài)特性。最后,針對(duì)風(fēng)能波動(dòng)和風(fēng)機(jī)故障穿越兩個(gè)問(wèn)題,將PEMFC、水電解裝置以及儲(chǔ)氫裝置組成的循環(huán)系統(tǒng)接入風(fēng)電機(jī)組,構(gòu)成PEMFC和風(fēng)能混合型微電網(wǎng),根據(jù)系統(tǒng)內(nèi)各單元不同功能及運(yùn)行特性設(shè)計(jì)了相應(yīng)控制策略,進(jìn)而實(shí)現(xiàn)功率平滑控制。MATLAB仿真結(jié)果表明,該控制策略既能保證輸出較為平滑的有功功率,又能實(shí)現(xiàn)風(fēng)能最大功率捕獲,還可以幫助風(fēng)機(jī)實(shí)現(xiàn)低電壓穿越。
[Abstract]:With the increase of energy shortage and environmental awareness, the microgrid technology using green clean energy to generate electricity is developing rapidly. Proton Exchange Membrane Fuell cell PEMFCtechnology uses hydrogen as fuel, the product is water, and zero emission is pollution-free. And it has the characteristics of high energy efficiency, stability and reliability. This paper studies the modeling and control of microgrid with fuel cell, including the construction of PEMFC model, parameter identification and simulation. Design of Control Strategy for PEMFC Power system with DC Converter; Modeling and control strategy of hybrid microgrid with PEMFC and wind energy. The main contents are as follows: first, according to the operation mechanism, referring to relevant literature, The electrochemical steady-state and voltage dynamic simulation models of PEMFC single cell were built respectively. In order to compare the different operation characteristics and working process between the two, the variation of PEMFC voltage, efficiency and power with current density was studied by Matlab/Simulink software. The simulation results not only demonstrate the accuracy of the model, but also show that the PEMFC dynamic model has better response characteristics and can better describe the actual working process of PEMFC. Secondly, there are many uncertain parameters involved in the process of PEMFC modeling. Five kinds of particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithms with different inertial weights are used to identify these parameters. By comparing and analyzing the collected data, an optimal set of parameters is selected for PEMFC modeling. Then, the dynamic response of PEMFC is slow. Based on the passive characteristics of the former Boost type DC/DC converter and referring to the passive control method, the passive controller of the PEMFC power generation system with DC converter is designed. The results show that the system has stronger ability to resist disturbance and better dynamic characteristics when the passive control strategy is adopted. Finally, aiming at two problems of wind energy fluctuation and fan fault traversing, The circulating system composed of PEMFC, water electrolytic unit and hydrogen storage unit is connected to wind turbine to form a hybrid micro grid of PEMFC and wind energy. The corresponding control strategy is designed according to the different functions and operating characteristics of each unit in the system. The simulation results of power smoothing control with MATLAB show that the control strategy can not only guarantee the smooth active power output, but also realize the maximum power capture of wind energy, and can also help the fan to achieve low voltage traversing.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM911.4;TM727

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