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  本文關(guān)鍵詞：Zeta電位結(jié)合通量原檢測中空纖維膜局部膜污染研究　出處：《天津工業(yè)大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 膜過濾標(biāo)準(zhǔn)液 酵母溶液 Zeta電位 濾餅層 膜污染

【摘要】：如何深入分析膜過濾行為是有效控制中空纖維膜污染的核心問題,也是保障膜系統(tǒng)高效穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行的關(guān)鍵。本文以Zeta電位原位無損檢測技術(shù)和局部通量結(jié)合表征的方法,來研究中空纖維膜局部膜污染特性。首先,優(yōu)化了實(shí)驗(yàn)所選用的酵母標(biāo)準(zhǔn)溶液的預(yù)處理方式,分析了酵母溶液經(jīng)過離心和干燥、磁力攪拌、超聲、溶于緩沖溶液這四種預(yù)處理后對中空纖維膜過濾性能的影響。結(jié)果表明：經(jīng)離心干燥預(yù)處理的酵母溶液的各項(xiàng)性能比較穩(wěn)定,比較適合作為膜過濾溶液用來滿足不同的實(shí)驗(yàn)需求,以深入分析膜污染的機(jī)理。其次,以Zeta電位原位無損檢測技術(shù)和局部通量結(jié)合表征的方法,來研究膜過濾過程中Zeta電位的變化規(guī)律,探索Zeta電位和局部膜過濾行為之間相互作用關(guān)系,為深入理解局部膜污染的機(jī)理提供更詳細(xì)的信息。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：在整個中空纖維膜過濾酵母溶液過程中,Zeta電位的變化形式互不相同。當(dāng)Zeta電位值快速降低時,是膜孔堵塞過程；在濾餅層形成過程中,Zeta電位的變化趨于平緩并呈現(xiàn)線性關(guān)系；當(dāng)Zeta電位值趨于穩(wěn)定表明處于濾餅層壓階段。在整個死端過濾過程中,Zeta電位值在潔凈膜和酵母溶液的Zeta電位值之間變化。此外,纖維長度對局部Zeta電位的分布和局部膜污染行為有很大的影響。隨著纖維長度的增加,三段進(jìn)入濾餅層壓實(shí)階段的時間延長,并且三段Zeta電位的差值增加。最后,利用Zeta電位結(jié)合通量表征的技術(shù)來分析膜過濾實(shí)驗(yàn)中發(fā)現(xiàn)的污染再分布現(xiàn)象。在局部膜過濾實(shí)驗(yàn)中發(fā)現(xiàn)：在中空纖維膜過濾起始階段,靠近泵出口處的局部通量最大,中段次之,尾段最小。局部通量沿著膜纖維長度不均勻分布是因?yàn)槌槲鼔毫Φ牟痪鶆蚍植?在死端過濾過程中,靠近泵出口處的抽吸壓力最大,因此首段的膜通量最大,但是污染物首先在首段發(fā)生沉積,首段的污染也最為嚴(yán)重,通量下降速率最快；而尾段較小的抽吸壓力而使其滲透通量的變化比較輕微,這就導(dǎo)致了局部通量的不均勻分布。隨著膜過濾的進(jìn)行,壓降迅速下降,首段的濾餅層阻力與尾段濾餅層阻力的比值逐漸增大,因而尾段沉積的濾餅層更少,因此出現(xiàn)中段或尾段局部通量大于首段的情況。接著延長膜過濾行為,膜表面形成的濾餅層逐漸被壓縮,由于濾餅層壓縮系數(shù)的差異而再次出現(xiàn)首段局部通量最大的情況,進(jìn)而出現(xiàn)一定程度的污染再分布現(xiàn)象。
[Abstract]:How to analyze the membrane filtration behavior is the key problem to effectively control the fouling of hollow fiber membrane. It is also the key to ensure the efficient and stable operation of the membrane system. In this paper, the characteristics of local membrane fouling of hollow fiber membrane are studied by Zeta potential in situ nondestructive testing and local flux characterization. The pretreatment method of yeast standard solution was optimized, and the yeast solution was analyzed by centrifugation and drying, magnetic stirring and ultrasonic. The effects of the four pretreatment methods dissolved in buffer solution on the filtration performance of hollow fiber membrane were studied. The results showed that the performance of yeast solution pretreated by centrifugal drying was relatively stable. It is suitable to be used as membrane filtration solution to meet different experimental requirements in order to deeply analyze the mechanism of membrane fouling. Secondly, Zeta potential in situ nondestructive testing technique and local flux combination characterization method. To study the change of Zeta potential in membrane filtration process and explore the interaction between Zeta potential and local membrane filtration behavior. In order to provide more detailed information for understanding the mechanism of local membrane fouling, it was found that: in the whole hollow fiber membrane filtration yeast solution process. The change of Zeta potential is different. When the Zeta potential value decreases rapidly, it is the membrane pore blocking process. The change of Zeta potential tends to be gentle and linear during the formation of filter cake layer. When the Zeta potential value tends to stabilize, it indicates that it is in the stage of cake lamination. During the whole dead end filtration process, the Zeta potential changes between the Zeta potential of the clean membrane and the yeast solution. Fiber length has a great influence on the distribution of local Zeta potential and the fouling behavior of local membrane. And the difference of three-segment Zeta potential increased. Finally. Zeta potential combined with flux characterization technique was used to analyze the phenomenon of contamination redistribution found in membrane filtration experiment. In the local membrane filtration experiment, it was found that: in the initial stage of hollow fiber membrane filtration. The local flux near the outlet of the pump is the largest, followed by the middle and the tail. The uneven distribution of the local flux along the membrane fiber length is due to the uneven distribution of suction pressure in the dead end filtration process. The suction pressure near the outlet of the pump is the largest, so the membrane flux in the first stage is the largest, but the pollutants are deposited in the first section first, the pollution in the first section is also the most serious, and the flux decline rate is the fastest. However, the small suction pressure in the tail resulted in a slight change in the permeation flux, which resulted in the uneven distribution of the local flux. With the membrane filtration, the pressure drop decreased rapidly. The ratio of cake resistance of the first section to the resistance of the filter cake layer of the tail section increases gradually, so the cake layer deposited in the tail section is less, so the local flux in the middle or tail section is larger than that in the first section, and then the membrane filtration behavior is prolonged. The filter cake layer formed on the membrane surface was gradually compressed. Due to the difference of the compression coefficient of the filter cake layer, the maximum local flux of the first section appeared again, and then the phenomenon of pollution redistribution occurred to a certain extent.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TQ342.8;TQ051.893

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