弛豫鐵電鈮鎂酸鉛的朗道系數(shù)及其臨界行為的研究
[Abstract]:Relaxor ferroelectric single crystals usually have higher piezoelectric properties than traditional piezoelectric materials, which provides a broad application prospect for their applications in health detection of civil engineering structures. Although most scholars believe that the local nano-polarization region is the main reason for its high performance, the internal mechanism has not been fully recognized. In addition, due to the lack of corresponding Landau coefficient, the corresponding thermodynamic theoretical calculation can not be carried out. Combined with the phenomenon observed by experiment, the thermodynamic coefficient of Landau is obtained, and the theoretical prediction and calculation are carried out with the experimental results, and then the internal mechanism of giant piezoelectric in relaxor ferroelectric single crystal and its response in external field are deeply studied. This is of great significance for the development of a new generation of piezoelectric single crystals, especially lead-free piezoelectric single crystals. For this purpose, the following studies have been carried out in this paper: (1) the role of polar nanoparticles in relaxor is analyzed, and the state and properties of polar nanoparticles at different temperatures are determined. Considering its essential characteristics and its role in relaxor ferroelectrics, the contribution of nano-microregions to the giant piezoelectric effect is inferred by determining the phase structure properties of relaxor ferroelectrics. According to the composition-temperature phase diagram of lead magnesium niobate, the phase structure of the crystal can be classified into trihedral phase, monoclinic phase and tetrahedral phase. Combined with the phase structure and dynamic behavior under different temperature and electric field, combined with the characteristic properties of Landau's phenomenological theory, the Landau coefficient is obtained. A series of concrete test and verification methods for obtaining Landau coefficient are put forward. (2) for PMN-0.30PT single crystal with left component of quasi-homomorphism phase boundary, the double electric hysteretic line is fitted. The Landau coefficient is obtained by fitting the trend of dielectric coefficient with temperature and the temperature of tripartite and tetrahedral phase transition. Based on the obtained Landau coefficient, the ferroelectric properties are calculated by thermodynamic theory and compared with the experimental results. The energy distribution of thermodynamics and various regular statistical results are used to analyze the coexistence phase of the experiment. By determining the content of the stable phase, the performance of the coexistence region is calculated. Furthermore, the results are compared with the experimental results. (3) because the theoretical coefficients of ferroelectric Landau are mainly determined by some characteristics of single domain structure, it is necessary to ensure that the single crystal is in a single domain state after polarization. The microdomain structure can be observed by polarizing microscope. By cutting the crystal into different shapes and applying electric fields in different directions to the crystal, combined with the optical characteristics of the crystal, the change of crystal domain structure near the phase transition temperature is observed in detail. The critical electric field of the crystal under the condition of forming a single domain is analyzed and summarized. Based on the effect of electric field on domain structure, different domain structures are obtained by polarizing single crystal samples at different temperatures and electric fields. (4) for PMN-0.36PT single crystals, which are mainly tetrahedral phase at room temperature, the hysteretic loop is fitted. The dielectric coefficient and the critical electric field needed to induce the tripartite phase are obtained to obtain Landau parameters. The ferroelectric properties varying with temperature are calculated theoretically by using the obtained Landau parameters, and the results are compared with the experimental results. In addition, the multi-domain structure phase diagram of PMN-0.30PT and PMN-0.36PT thin films is derived by thermodynamic theory for the first time, and the difference and reason of phase diagram are analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2017
【分類號(hào)】:O738
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