【摘要】：光子晶體是一種超材料,其獨(dú)特的結(jié)構(gòu)可以形成光子帶隙,對(duì)電磁波進(jìn)行調(diào)控。利用此原理我們可以將功能材料通過分子印跡技術(shù)與光子晶體結(jié)合,制備出具有響應(yīng)功能的光子晶體材料,把刺激響應(yīng)材料在應(yīng)答過程中發(fā)出的化學(xué)信號(hào)或者體積等變化轉(zhuǎn)化為光學(xué)信號(hào),便于檢測(cè),這在傳感和檢測(cè)領(lǐng)域有著十分廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。光子晶體的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)還可以對(duì)量子點(diǎn)的熒光性能進(jìn)行調(diào)控,孔穴結(jié)構(gòu)可以使熒光過程的熱交換效率變高,從而增強(qiáng)量子點(diǎn)的熒光性能,這對(duì)于生物標(biāo)記和半導(dǎo)體器件領(lǐng)域也有重要的意義。本文具體的研究?jī)?nèi)容和結(jié)果如下:采用stober法在氨水提供的堿性條件下水解TEOS形成SiO_2微球,得到的微球單分散性好、粒徑可控,采用乳液聚合法聚合苯乙烯單體制備聚苯乙烯微球,得到的微球單分散性好、球形度高,采用垂直沉降自組裝法使微球在溶劑揮發(fā)的過程中自組裝于基片上,形成蛋白石結(jié)構(gòu)光子晶體結(jié)構(gòu),光子晶體的表面完整、無明顯缺陷、結(jié)構(gòu)色明顯,適合作為反蛋白石結(jié)構(gòu)光子晶體的模板材料。將分子印跡技術(shù)引入光子晶體材料,制備出甲基丙烯酸反蛋白石結(jié)構(gòu)的光子晶體。經(jīng)測(cè)試,反蛋白結(jié)構(gòu)光子晶體對(duì)溫度、溶劑濃度和鹽離子濃度都具有響應(yīng)功能,隨著溫度的升高衍射峰紅移,強(qiáng)度增高;隨著乙醇溶劑濃度的升高衍射峰強(qiáng)度變高;隨著鹽離子濃度增加衍射峰藍(lán)移。以丙烯酰胺為功能單體制備出光子晶體水凝膠,凝膠作為骨架材料在發(fā)生膨脹及收縮時(shí)會(huì)直接影響微球的晶格間距,從而改變結(jié)構(gòu)色,經(jīng)測(cè)試其對(duì)溫度以及PH具有響應(yīng)效果,并且衍射峰的變化較大,顏色變化肉眼可以識(shí)別。采用水溶液合成法制備CdTe量子點(diǎn)水溶液,量子點(diǎn)的粒徑大小隨著回流時(shí)間增加而變大,并且發(fā)射光譜紅移。調(diào)節(jié)到不同的濃度得到了最佳熒光效果濃度為1mmol/L。將量子點(diǎn)與光子晶體結(jié)合形成復(fù)合薄膜,比較熒光性能發(fā)現(xiàn)光子晶體的結(jié)構(gòu)可以提升量子點(diǎn)的熒光強(qiáng)度。綜上所述,本文成功制備出了SiO_2和聚苯乙烯蛋白石結(jié)構(gòu)光子晶體,優(yōu)化了反應(yīng)條件,進(jìn)行了性能研究;制備出甲基丙烯酸反蛋白結(jié)構(gòu)光子晶體,并對(duì)其進(jìn)行了刺激響應(yīng)測(cè)試;制備出了CdTe量子點(diǎn)并將其與光子晶體的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)合,對(duì)其熒光性能的調(diào)控進(jìn)行研究。希望我們的工作可以在光子晶體領(lǐng)域提供借鑒方法,并拓展其在檢測(cè)傳感領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用。
[Abstract]:Photonic crystal is a kind of supermaterial. Its unique structure can form photonic band gap and regulate electromagnetic wave. Based on this principle, we can combine functional materials with photonic crystals by molecular imprinting technology to prepare photonic crystal materials with response function. The change of chemical signal or volume of stimulus response material in response process can be transformed into optical signal, which is easy to detect, which has a very broad application prospect in the field of sensing and detection. The special structure of photonic crystal can also regulate the fluorescence properties of quantum dots. The hole structure can increase the heat exchange efficiency of the fluorescence process, thus enhancing the fluorescence properties of quantum dots. This is also of great significance in the field of biomarkers and semiconductor devices. The specific contents and results of this paper are as follows: the stober method was used to hydrolyze TEOS to form SiO_2 microspheres under the alkaline condition provided by ammonia. The obtained microspheres have good monodispersity and controllable particle size. Polystyrene microspheres were prepared by emulsion polymerization of styrene monomer. The microspheres were prepared with good monodispersity and high sphericity. The microspheres were self-assembled on the substrate in the process of solvent volatilization by vertical deposition self-assembly method. The photonic crystal with opal structure has complete surface, no obvious defect and obvious color, so it is suitable to be used as template material for anti-opal photonic crystal. The molecular imprinting technique was introduced into the photonic crystal material to prepare the photonic crystal with anti-opal structure of methacrylic acid. The results show that the anti-protein photonic crystal has the response function to temperature, solvent concentration and salt ion concentration, and the diffraction peak intensity increases with the increase of temperature, and the intensity of diffraction peak increases with the increase of ethanol solvent concentration, and the anti-protein structure photonic crystal has the function of response to temperature, solvent concentration and salt ion concentration. With the increase of salt ion concentration, the diffraction peaks shift blue. Photonic crystal hydrogels were prepared by using acrylamide as a functional monomer. As a skeleton material, photonic crystal hydrogels can directly affect the lattice spacing of microspheres when they expand and contract, thus changing the structure color. The results show that the hydrogels can respond to temperature and PH. And the change of diffraction peak is larger, the color change can be recognized by the naked eye. The aqueous solution of CdTe quantum dots was prepared by aqueous solution synthesis. The particle size of quantum dots increased with the increase of reflux time, and the emission spectra were red-shifted. The optimal concentration of fluorescence was 1 mmol / L 路L-1 路mol 路L-1. By combining quantum dots with photonic crystals to form composite films, it is found that the structure of photonic crystals can enhance the fluorescence intensity of quantum dots. In conclusion, SiO_2 and polystyrene opal photonic crystals have been successfully prepared in this paper. The reaction conditions have been optimized and the properties of the crystals have been studied. The anti-protein structure photonic crystal of methacrylic acid was prepared and its stimulus response was tested, and the CdTe quantum dot was prepared and combined with the special structure of photonic crystal, and the regulation of its fluorescence performance was studied. We hope that our work can be used for reference in the field of photonic crystals and expand its application in the field of sensing.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：O734

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本文編號(hào)：2462218