【摘要】：隨著工農(nóng)業(yè)的迅速發(fā)展,人們向環(huán)境排放的污染物也越來越多,超出了其自凈能力,其中在農(nóng)業(yè)中過度使用農(nóng)藥造成的環(huán)境污染不容忽視。這些有毒有害的有機物流入河流,會使我們賴以生存的水體受到污染,危害人們的身體健康。目前,水污染治理已經(jīng)迫在眉睫,但水體中污染物含量低且成分復(fù)雜,需要建立一種對目標分子分離富集的簡便的樣品預(yù)處理方法,消除干擾雜質(zhì)的影響,便于后續(xù)檢測。分子印跡技術(shù)(MIT)是通過合成對目標物有特異選擇性和親和力的聚合物,從而進行分離和富集的一種分子識別技術(shù)。MIT具有成本低、操作簡單、特異選擇性高、物理化學(xué)性質(zhì)穩(wěn)定和壽命長等優(yōu)點,目前已被廣泛應(yīng)用于諸多領(lǐng)域,如食品安全、藥物分析、環(huán)境科學(xué)及臨床醫(yī)學(xué)等。MIT與選擇性差的化學(xué)發(fā)光分析聯(lián)用,其在線檢測復(fù)雜樣品具有消除干擾、響應(yīng)速度快、靈敏度高、重現(xiàn)性好等優(yōu)點。本文主要從事以下研究工作:1、采用表面分子印跡技術(shù)、以氧化石墨烯為載體,坐果安為模板分子,通過聚合反應(yīng)制備坐果安表面分子印跡聚合物(CMIP),同時作為對比實驗,制備了空白分子印跡聚合物(CNIP),通過掃描電鏡對坐果安表面分子印跡聚合物的結(jié)構(gòu)和形貌進行表征;考察溶液的pH、吸附時間、溫度和坐果安的初始濃度等對CMIP吸附模板分子的影響;也對CMIP進行了吸附動力學(xué)、吸附熱力學(xué)研究及選擇性和循環(huán)使用情況研究。實驗表明CMIP對坐果安分子有良好的選擇吸附性能,可應(yīng)用于檢測樣品中坐果安農(nóng)藥的前處理。2、以氧化石墨烯為載體,采用表面分子印跡的方法合成煙嘧磺隆分子印跡聚合物(NSMIP),通過表征及一系列的實驗表明NSMIP對煙嘧磺隆有選擇吸附性,其吸附容量可達108.24 mg/g。因此NSMIP可用于對煙嘧磺隆的分離與富集。3、以滅蠅胺為模板分子,氧化石墨烯為載體,采用表面分子印跡方法制備滅蠅胺分子印跡聚合物(CYMIP),將其與靈敏度高且重現(xiàn)性好的化學(xué)發(fā)光法結(jié)合,組成分子印跡-流動注射化學(xué)發(fā)光聯(lián)用的分析方法可以即選擇性識別滅蠅胺又能對滅蠅胺進行高靈敏的測定,此方法可以應(yīng)用于檢測河水中的滅蠅胺,并取得滿意結(jié)果。本文利用表面分子印跡技術(shù),解決了農(nóng)藥殘留分析中由于生物樣品基質(zhì)復(fù)雜而干擾檢測的問題,有效的分離和富集目標分子,為檢測提供了一個操作簡便,成本低的前處理方法。而分子印跡-流動注射化學(xué)發(fā)光聯(lián)用技術(shù)則用分子印跡技術(shù)彌補了化學(xué)發(fā)光分析方法的缺點,增加了靈敏度、使線性范圍變寬、選擇性更好。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of industry and agriculture, people discharge more and more pollutants to the environment, which exceeds their self-purification ability, and the environmental pollution caused by excessive use of pesticides in agriculture can not be ignored. These toxic and harmful organic matter flowing into the river will pollute the water we depend on and endanger people's health. At present, water pollution treatment is urgent, but the pollutant content in water is low and the composition is complex. It is necessary to establish a simple sample pretreatment method to separate and enrich the target molecule, to eliminate the influence of interference impurities, and to facilitate the subsequent detection. Molecular imprinting technique (MIT) is a molecular recognition technique for separation and enrichment by synthesizing polymers with specific selectivity and affinity to the target. MIT has the advantages of low cost, simple operation and high selectivity. Physical and chemical properties such as stability and long life have been widely used in many fields, such as food safety, drug analysis, environmental science and clinical medicine, etc. MIT is combined with chemiluminescence analysis with poor selectivity. The on-line detection of complex samples has the advantages of eliminating interference, fast response, high sensitivity and good reproducibility. The main work of this paper is as follows: 1. Surface molecularly imprinted polymer (CMIP),) was prepared by polymerization with graphene oxide as the carrier and scion as template molecule. At the same time, the structure and morphology of the molecularly imprinted polymer were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The effects of pH, adsorption time, temperature and initial concentration on the adsorption of CMIP template molecules were investigated, and the adsorption kinetics, adsorption thermodynamics, selectivity and recycling of CMIP were also studied. The experimental results show that CMIP has a good selective adsorption property for the seed-fruit amine molecule, and can be used in the pre-treatment of the pesticide in the sample. 2. The graphene oxide is used as the carrier. Surface Molecular imprinting Synthesis of Nicosulfuron Molecular imprinted Polymer (NSMIP), by characterization and a series of experiments show that NSMIP has selective adsorption ability for niposulfuron, and its adsorption capacity can be up to 108.24 mg/g.. Therefore, NSMIP can be used for the separation and enrichment of niosulfuron. 3The imprinted polymer (CYMIP), was prepared by surface molecular imprinting method using methomide as template molecule, graphene oxide as carrier and surface molecular imprinting method. By combining it with chemiluminescence method with high sensitivity and reproducibility, the method of molecular imprinting and flow injection chemiluminescence analysis can not only selectively recognize methylamine, but also can be used for the highly sensitive determination of methomidamine. The method can be applied to the detection of fly amine in river water with satisfactory results. In this paper, the surface molecular imprinting technique is used to solve the problem of interference detection in pesticide residue analysis due to the complex matrix of biological samples. The target molecules are effectively separated and enriched, which provides a simple and convenient operation for the detection. Low cost pretreatment. The combination of molecular imprinting and flow injection chemiluminescence makes up the shortcoming of chemiluminescence analysis, increases the sensitivity, broadens the linear range and improves the selectivity.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西華師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：O631.3;O657.3

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