低碳烷烴在離子液體和低共熔溶劑中的溶解性能研究
[Abstract]:Low-carbon alkanes such as methane, ethane and propane are very important basic chemicals, so it is necessary to study the separation technology of methane, ethane and propane. In this paper, a series of new ionic liquids and low eutectic solvents are designed and synthesized by using the characteristics of low vapor pressure, structure and properties of ionic liquids and eutectic solvents, and COSMO-RS simulation. The solubility of low carbon alkanes and nitrogen was studied. The absorbent medium with high capacity, high selectivity and low viscosity was obtained, which provided the necessary basic data and preliminary theoretical basis for the development of a clean and efficient new method for the separation of low carbon alkanes. The Henry coefficients of propane, ethane and methane at 308.1 K in 308.1 K ionic liquids and more than 70 low eutectic solvents were calculated by COSMO-RS method. The influence of solvent structure on gas solubility and separation selectivity was studied. The results show that the selectivity of low carbon alkanes with different carbon numbers and the solubility of low carbon alkanes increase with the increase of the number of carbon atoms in the molecular structure of solvents. On this basis, three triDing Ji ethyl long chain carboxylic acid ionic liquids were designed and synthesized. The solubility of propane, ethane, methane and nitrogen in 20~150kPa was determined. The effects of the structure and temperature of ionic liquids on the solubility and selectivity of gases were investigated, and the absorption thermodynamics and kinetics were also discussed. The results show that the viscosity of ionic liquids can be significantly reduced by introducing asymmetric triDing Ji ethyl cations, while the solubility of gases can be improved by increasing the length of anionic carbon chains. The solubility of C _ 3H _ 8C _ 2H _ 6 and CH_4 in [P4442] [C17H35COO] reached the highest values of nearly all reported ionic liquids in [P4442] [C17H35COO] at 298.1 KG 150kPa, respectively. However, the viscosity was significantly lower. The selectivity of C3H8 to CH_4,CH_4 for N2 was 16.9m2.7. Twelve kinds of eutectic solvents were further designed and synthesized to absorb low carbon alkanes, ethylene and nitrogen. The effects of composition, mixing ratio and temperature on the solubility and selectivity of the gas were studied, and the absorption thermodynamics was preliminarily investigated. The results show that the synthesized low eutectic solvents exhibit high solubility and separation selectivity for both low carbon hydrocarbons and nitrogen. The solubility of C3H8 and CH_4 in these DES were 0.308 mmol/g and 0.024 mmol/g, respectively, which were higher than those in all reported ionic liquids. The selectivity of propane / methane and propane / nitrogen were 14.4U 21.0 and 30.9N 90.8 respectively, which were also higher than those of ionic liquid system. In addition, the selectivity of ethane / ethylene was also higher, up to 2.0 at 308.1 K.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2017
【分類號】:O645.12
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