【摘要】：太陽能是一種取之不盡用之不竭的清潔能源,隨著化石能源的枯竭、環(huán)境日益惡化,能將太陽能轉(zhuǎn)換為電能的太陽能電池成為了新的研究熱點。聚合物太陽能電池因其具有成本低、質(zhì)量輕、可制成大面積器件等優(yōu)點而備受關注。雖然現(xiàn)在PCE已經(jīng)超過10%,但對于商業(yè)化應用仍是不夠。設計并合成新材料是聚合物太陽能電池的一個研究重點。本文在BDT中心苯環(huán)上分別引入了2-烷氧基噻吩基和2-烷基硫代噻吩基,得到兩個給體單元M1和M2;又分別合成了以呋喃和噻吩為π橋的DPP受體單元M3和M4。分別以M1和M2為給體單元,通過Stille聚合方法,與M3、M4共聚得到四種吸收在近紅外區(qū)域的聚合物：PBDTT-O-FDPP, PBDTT-S-FDPP、PBDTT-O-TDPP和PBDTT-S-TDPP;與TPD聚合得到兩種具有高開路電壓的聚合物：PBDTT-O-TPD, PBDTT-S-TPD;與BT和BT(F)聚合得到四種吸收在最大光強和光子通量區(qū)域的聚合物：PBDTT-O-BT、PBDTT-S-BT、PBDTT-O-BT(F)和PBDTT-S-BT(F)。但由于以BT和BT(F)為受體單元時,所得的聚合物溶解性不好,所以在分子主鏈中引入2-己基噻吩作為π橋。以M1和M2為給體單元分別與BTT(6)共聚,得到PBDTT-O-BTT(6)和PBDTT-S-BTT(6)。它們的吸收也仍然在最大光照強度和最大光子通量區(qū)域。利用TGA、UV-Vis和CV對它們的性能進行了研究。結果表明,這些聚合物的熱分解溫度均在300℃以上,具有較好的熱穩(wěn)定性；帶隙均在2.0 eV以下,屬于窄帶系材料；HOMO能級較低,可以獲得較高的Voc。以十二種基于BDT的共軛聚合物為給體,以PCBM為受體,制備本體異質(zhì)結聚合物太陽能電池器件,并研究它們的光伏性能。其中PBDTT-O-TDPP、PBDTT-S-TPD和PBDTT-S-BTT(6)的光伏性能較好,PCE分別達到4.58%、4.63%和5.55%。其中PBDTT-S-BTT(6)的效率最高,說明設計并合成吸收覆蓋太陽光最大光強和光通量區(qū)域,并且有對太陽光具有較強的響應能力的給體材料,即提高對光子的吸收率是增大PCE的最為有效的方法。
[Abstract]:Solar energy is an inexhaustible clean energy. With the depletion of fossil energy, the environment is deteriorating day by day. Solar cells that can convert solar energy into electric energy have become a new research hotspot. Polymer solar cells have attracted much attention because of their advantages of low cost, light weight and large area devices. Although PCE has now exceeded 10, it is not enough for commercial applications. The design and synthesis of new materials is a research focus of polymer solar cells. In this paper, 2-alkoxy thiophene group and 2-alkylthiothiophene group were introduced into the benzene ring of BDT center, and two donor units M1 and M2 were obtained, and the DPP receptor units M3 and M4 with furan and thiophene as 蟺 bridge were synthesized respectively. M1 and M2 were used as donor units, respectively, by Stille polymerization. Four kinds of polymers absorbed in near infrared region were synthesized by copolymerization with M _ 3N _ 4: PBDTT-O-FDPP, PBDTT-S-FDPP,PBDTT-O-TDPP and PBDTT-S-TDPP; polymerized with TPD to obtain two kinds of polymers with high open-circuit voltage: PBDTT-O-TPD, PBDTT-S-TPD; polymerization with BT and BT (F), four kinds of polymer absorbs in the maximum light intensity and photonic flux region. Domain polymers: PBDTT-O-BT,PBDTT-S-BT,PBDTT-O-BT (F) and PBDTT-S-BT (F). However, due to the poor solubility of the obtained polymers with BT and BT (F) as receptor units, 2-hexylthiophene was introduced as a 蟺 bridge in the main molecular chain. PBDTT-O-BTT (6) and PBDTT-S-BTT (6) were obtained by copolymerization of M1 and M2 with BTT (6), respectively. Their absorption is still in the region of maximum light intensity and maximum photon flux. TGA,UV-Vis and CV are used to study their performance. The results show that the thermal decomposition temperature of these polymers is above 300 鈩，

本文編號：2290388