【摘要】：本次實(shí)驗(yàn)通過(guò)對(duì)電阻探針腐蝕監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)基本原理的研究,重點(diǎn)了解了電阻探針感應(yīng)器在腐蝕監(jiān)測(cè)過(guò)程中的重要性,通過(guò)對(duì)探針結(jié)構(gòu)的深入學(xué)習(xí),在參考前人工作以及市場(chǎng)現(xiàn)有電阻探針產(chǎn)品形式的基礎(chǔ)上,設(shè)計(jì)了一款用于自然環(huán)境腐蝕監(jiān)測(cè)領(lǐng)域的電阻探針。探針設(shè)計(jì)主要從幾何結(jié)構(gòu)和測(cè)量接線結(jié)構(gòu)兩方面做技術(shù)改進(jìn)。電阻探針是通過(guò)測(cè)量金屬隨著腐蝕的進(jìn)行而引起的阻值變化來(lái)進(jìn)行腐蝕監(jiān)測(cè)的。探針的起始電阻越大,對(duì)探針測(cè)量電路的測(cè)量精度要求越低,同時(shí),探針阻值占電阻探針腐蝕監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)整體電阻的比例越大,因此腐蝕監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)電路部分電阻的對(duì)測(cè)量結(jié)果的影響越小。因此,探針在設(shè)計(jì)時(shí),選取了較大的起始電阻。為了獲得較大的起始電阻,探針的金屬部分需要選取通電橫截面較小的結(jié)構(gòu),即需要獲得較小的探針金屬厚度。而在管狀、絲狀、片狀等形式結(jié)構(gòu)中,超薄的片狀或膜狀金屬最易加工成型,因此探針最終選取了片狀的金屬結(jié)構(gòu)。在探針設(shè)計(jì)階段,共設(shè)計(jì)了三種結(jié)構(gòu)的片狀電阻探針。在對(duì)比分析了常見(jiàn)的幾種微電阻測(cè)量方法后,探針電阻測(cè)量方式最終被確定為測(cè)量原理簡(jiǎn)單、測(cè)量精度相對(duì)較高的恒流測(cè)壓法。探針的接線結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)遵循的原則是降低接線電阻、提高探針電阻測(cè)量精度。探針最終設(shè)計(jì)了五個(gè)接線口,可在探針金屬背面引出五條接線,與電阻探針數(shù)據(jù)采集器接口相連接。探針金屬片部分主要選用了工業(yè)常用的、具有典型代表性的Q235鋼制作。對(duì)比實(shí)驗(yàn)用腐蝕掛片采用與探針取自同一母材的金屬材料制作。探針基板選用了耐腐蝕、力學(xué)性能良好的亞克力板,封裝材料選用了適用溫度范圍較大的環(huán)氧樹(shù)脂密封。探針接線用電阻率較小的銅絲,用錫鉛釬料,利用電烙鐵焊接成型。在實(shí)驗(yàn)室內(nèi)進(jìn)行了為期三個(gè)月的掛片失重法和電阻探針?lè)ǜg監(jiān)測(cè)對(duì)比實(shí)驗(yàn)。探針金屬和腐蝕掛片在定期腐蝕后進(jìn)行了腐蝕產(chǎn)物形貌分析。探針?biāo)帽O(jiān)測(cè)結(jié)果與掛片法所得數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)果進(jìn)行了對(duì)比分析,探針?biāo)酶g速率變化趨勢(shì)與腐蝕掛片法所得數(shù)據(jù)變化趨勢(shì)相同,探針?biāo)酶g速率整體數(shù)值比掛片法所得數(shù)值偏大,二者比值約為1.95~2.99倍。與市場(chǎng)同類電阻探針測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)相比,本實(shí)驗(yàn)中設(shè)計(jì)制作的電阻探針測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)準(zhǔn)確率有明顯的提高,使其具有更好的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:Through the study of the basic principle of resistance probe corrosion monitoring technology, the importance of resistance probe inductor in the corrosion monitoring process is studied in this experiment, and the probe structure is deeply studied. On the basis of reference to the previous work and the existing product form of resistance probe in the market, a kind of resistance probe used in the field of corrosion monitoring of natural environment is designed. The probe design is mainly improved from two aspects: geometric structure and measuring wiring structure. Resistance probes are used to monitor corrosion by measuring the resistance changes caused by the corrosion of metals. The greater the initial resistance of the probe is, the lower the accuracy of the probe measurement circuit is. At the same time, the ratio of the probe resistance to the overall resistance of the resistance corrosion monitoring system is larger. Therefore, the effect of the partial resistance of the corrosion monitoring system circuit on the measurement results is smaller. Therefore, when the probe is designed, a large initial resistance is selected. In order to obtain a large initial resistance, the metal part of the probe needs to select a structure with a smaller current cross section, that is, a smaller metal thickness of the probe is needed. Among the tubular, filamentous and lamellar structures, ultra-thin sheet or filamentous metals are the most easily machined, so the probe finally selects the sheet metal structure. In the phase of probe design, three kinds of lamellar resistance probes were designed. After comparing and analyzing several common micro resistance measurement methods, the probe resistance measurement method is determined to be a constant current pressure measuring method with simple measuring principle and relatively high measuring precision. The principle of the design of the probe's wiring structure is to reduce the wiring resistance and improve the measuring accuracy of the probe's resistance. Finally, five connectors are designed, which can draw out five wires on the back of the probe metal and connect with the interface of the resistive probe data collector. In the part of probe metal sheet, the typical Q235 steel which is commonly used in industry is selected. The corrosion hanging plate was made from the same metal material as the probe. The probe substrate was made of acrylic plate with good mechanical properties and epoxy resin seal with a wide range of suitable temperature. The probe is soldered by soldering with tin-lead solder with copper wire with low resistivity. A three-month comparative experiment was carried out in the laboratory for the corrosion monitoring of hanging plate weightlessness method and resistance probe method. The morphology of the corrosion products was analyzed after regular corrosion of the probe metal and the corrosion hangers. The results of probe monitoring were compared with the data obtained by hanging plate method. The change trend of corrosion rate of probe was the same as that of hanging plate method. The total corrosion rate obtained by the probe is larger than that by the hanging plate method, and the ratio of the two is about 1.95 ~ 2.99 times. Compared with the test data of the same kind of resistance probe in the market, the accuracy of the test data of the resistance probe designed in this experiment is obviously improved, which makes it have better application value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TG172;O657.1

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