【摘要】：本文采用了水(溶劑)熱法等多種方法分別制備了非金屬離子摻雜鉭酸鈉與鉭酸鉀光催化劑。運用多種材料測試手段,例如X射線衍射儀(XRD)、掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)、透射電子顯微鏡(TEM)、高分辨透射電鏡(HRTEM)、選區(qū)電子衍射(SAED)、X射線光電子能譜(XPS)等對樣品的組成、形貌、以及表面原子狀態(tài)進行分析。最后對制備的鉭酸鈉、鉭酸鉀進行光催化性能評價,并利用紫外可見分光光度計測試對其吸光度性能進行表征。(1)利用TaCl5為鉭源,Na2S2O3·5H2O為硫源,采用水熱法一步制備了硫摻雜鉭酸鈉。SEM及TEM結(jié)果表明樣品的粒徑分布在200 nm至1μm,呈立方體結(jié)構(gòu)。結(jié)果表明在140℃下并不能生成鉭酸鈉,在180℃下可以生成晶型較好的鉭酸鈉。XPS結(jié)果顯示,鉭酸鈉晶格中摻雜的硫離子代替了原來晶格中的氧離子,使鉭酸鈉的禁帶寬度減小,光響應(yīng)范圍延伸至可見光,吸收帶邊發(fā)生了紅移。光催化測試表明硫摻雜鉭酸鈉在可見光下對羅丹明B有著較好的催化降解效果。(2)以TaCl5為鉭源,以水和乙二醇的混合溶液為溶劑,采用溶劑熱法制備了碳摻雜鉭酸鈉。SEM結(jié)果顯示,樣品為立方體,粒徑約為1μm,樣品的分散性較差。XRD結(jié)果表明,反應(yīng)物鉭酸鈉樣品的晶相為鈣鈦礦結(jié)構(gòu)的NaTaO3。并且溶劑中乙二醇比例越高,結(jié)晶性越差。光催化測試表明,溶劑中水與乙二醇的最佳比例為10:20。(3)利用了兩步水熱法合成了氮摻雜鉭酸鉀。先在NH3氣氛中燒結(jié)制備N-Ta2O5前驅(qū)體,再利用水熱法制備K2Ta2O6。XRD結(jié)果顯示樣品晶相為K2Ta2O6。SEM結(jié)果顯示,K2Ta2O6樣品的粒徑尺寸大約為100 nm。當反應(yīng)時間延長,樣品的表面形貌由顆粒逐漸生長為正八面體最終生長為立方體結(jié)構(gòu)。光催化測試結(jié)果表明,反應(yīng)時間為24 h,反應(yīng)溫度在180℃時獲得的鉭酸鉀的光催化性能最佳。
[Abstract]:In this paper, non-metallic ion doped sodium tantalate and potassium tantalate photocatalysts were prepared by hydrothermal method. The composition and morphology of the samples were investigated by means of X-ray diffractometer, (XRD), scanning electron microscope, (SEM), transmission electron microscope, (TEM), high resolution transmission electron microscope, (HRTEM), selective electron diffraction, (SAED) X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), etc. And surface atomic states are analyzed. Finally, the photocatalytic properties of sodium tantalate and potassium tantalate were evaluated, and their absorbance was characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometer. (1) TaCl5 was used as tantalum source and Na _ 2S _ 2O _ 3 5H2O as sulfur source. Sulfur doped sodium tantalate was prepared by hydrothermal method. The results of SEM and TEM showed that the particle size distribution of the sample ranged from 200 nm to 1 渭 m, with cubic structure. The results show that sodium tantalate can not be formed at 140 鈩，

本文編號：2207397