【摘要】：離子印跡材料是一種新型的有機高分子吸附材料,對重金屬離子擁有特異性識別吸附能力,對環(huán)境中重金屬處理實現(xiàn)了單一金屬離子的特異性吸附。以黃腐酸為基本原料,經(jīng)過一系列試驗處理,合成了對Cd~(2+)具有專一吸附能力的離子印跡聚合物,并對產(chǎn)物結(jié)構(gòu)和性能進(jìn)行分析。1)以黃腐酸為原料,環(huán)氧氯丙烷為改性劑,堿性條件下合成帶有小分子基團(tuán)CH_2OCHCH~(2-)的改性黃腐酸。通過優(yōu)化工藝條件,得出黃腐酸在改性過程中的最佳原料投入比以及較好的反應(yīng)時間和反應(yīng)溫度。優(yōu)化反應(yīng)條件后,產(chǎn)物中環(huán)氧基團(tuán)的最大含量為0.88 mol/100 g(優(yōu)化工藝條件是:投料質(zhì)量比、反應(yīng)時間、反應(yīng)溫度,此時最大環(huán)氧基團(tuán)含量為0.88 mol/100 g)。采用紅外光譜、紫外-可見分光光度計和掃描電鏡對產(chǎn)物結(jié)構(gòu)和表面形貌進(jìn)行了表征。2)以改性黃腐酸為功能單體,乙二胺作交聯(lián)劑,通過反相懸浮聚合法合成Cd~(2+)離子印跡聚合物(MFA-IIP),通過紅外光譜、掃描電鏡、熱重分析表征產(chǎn)物的結(jié)構(gòu)特征,并對產(chǎn)物的吸附能力進(jìn)行了研究。通過考察合成工藝發(fā)現(xiàn),當(dāng)改性黃腐酸用量是0.5000 g,Cd~(2+)離子(3.0 g/L)溶液加入量為30 mL,乙二胺投入量為20 mL,反應(yīng)時間為12 h,反應(yīng)溫度為60℃時,所得產(chǎn)物對Cd~(2+)離子的吸附效果最好。合成的離子印跡聚合物結(jié)構(gòu)穩(wěn)定,循環(huán)使用3~4次后,自身結(jié)構(gòu)和去除能力無明顯變化。3)以Fe_3O_4/SiO_2為磁核,改性黃腐酸為功能單體,KH-550為交聯(lián)劑,合成了磁性Cd~(2+)離子印跡聚合物(MFA-M-IIP)。表征發(fā)現(xiàn),聚合物制備過程中保留了Fe_3O_4/SiO_2良好的順磁性,有利于產(chǎn)物的簡單快速分離。吸附研究發(fā)現(xiàn),最優(yōu)吸附條件時,磁性Cd~(2+)離子印跡聚合物對模板離子的最大吸附量為2.48 mg/g,去除率達(dá)到99.37%。競爭吸附研究證明,Cd~(2+)/Pb~(2+)、Cd~(2+)/Cr3+的選擇性系數(shù)分別為79.68和136.82。聚合物對Cd~(2+)離子的吸附行為符合準(zhǔn)二級動力學(xué)模型和Langmuir等溫吸附模型。
[Abstract]:Ion-imprinted material is a new kind of organic polymer adsorption material. It has the ability to recognize and adsorb heavy metal ions, and realize the specific adsorption of single metal ions to heavy metals in the environment. Using fulvic acid as the basic raw material, the ionic imprinted polymer with specific adsorption capacity for Cd2 was synthesized through a series of experimental treatments. The structure and properties of the product were analyzed. 1) with fulvic acid as the raw material and epichlorohydrin as the modifier, A modified fulvic acid with small molecular group CH2OCHCH2- was synthesized under alkaline condition. The optimum raw material input ratio, reaction time and reaction temperature of fulvic acid in the modification process were obtained by optimizing the process conditions. When the reaction conditions were optimized, the maximum content of epoxy group in the product was 0.88 mol/100 g. The optimum conditions were as follows: feed mass ratio, reaction time, reaction temperature, and the maximum epoxy group content was 0.88 mol/100 g). The structure and surface morphology of the product were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectrophotometer and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The modified fulvic acid was used as functional monomer and ethylenediamine as crosslinking agent. Cd2 ion-imprinted polymer (MFA-IIP) was synthesized by reverse suspension polymerization. The structure of the product was characterized by IR, SEM and TGA, and the adsorption capacity of the product was studied. It was found that when the amount of modified fulvic acid was 0.5000 g / L of CD ~ (2) ion (3.0 g / L), the dosage of ethylenediamine was 20 mL, the reaction time was 12 h, and the reaction temperature was 60 鈩，

本文編號：2193605