【摘要】：酶對(duì)很多化學(xué)反應(yīng)的順利進(jìn)行起著決定性的作用,但由于大部分天然酶本質(zhì)屬于蛋白質(zhì)或者RNA,對(duì)催化環(huán)境要求比較高,同時(shí)提取純化也比較困難,所以很難大規(guī)模實(shí)際利用。人造模擬酶由于具有易制備、低成本、穩(wěn)定性高、催化活性好等優(yōu)點(diǎn)而成為有潛力的生物酶替代品,其中過(guò)氧化物模擬酶因在檢測(cè)過(guò)氧化氫、葡萄糖等方面具有十分重要的意義而受到了廣泛的關(guān)注。本研究通過(guò)水熱合成法,采用不同反應(yīng)條件,制備了Fe_2(MoO_4)_3-F(花狀)、Fe_2(MoO_4)_3-P(片狀)、Fe_2(MoO_4)_3-B(蝴蝶狀)和Fe_2(MoO_4)_3-S(球狀)四種形貌不同的鉬酸鐵納米材料和CeVO_4-1.5(pH為1.5)、CeVO_4-2(pH為2)、CeVO_4-2.5(pH為2.5)和CeVO_4-3(pH為3)四種形貌不同的釩酸鈰納米材料,并使用TEM、FESEM?XRD?XPS、EDX、BET、Zeta電位測(cè)定等技術(shù)和手段對(duì)制備材料的形貌、組成、比表面積、Zeta電位等進(jìn)行了表征,發(fā)現(xiàn)Fe_2(MoO_4)_3-F和CeVO_4-2具有相對(duì)最大的比表面積;酶活性實(shí)驗(yàn)表明Fe_2(MoO_4)_3-F和CeVO_4-2具有較好的過(guò)氧化物模擬酶性質(zhì)并具有很好的重復(fù)利用性;通過(guò)對(duì)影響材料過(guò)氧化物酶活性的影響因素的研究,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)其酶活性與材料濃度、底物過(guò)氧化氫的濃度、反應(yīng)的溫度、pH等因素有關(guān),其催化反應(yīng)機(jī)制為乒乓機(jī)制;Fe_2(MoO_4)_3-F的最適反應(yīng)條件為:Fe_2(MoO_4)_3-F 300μg/m L,H_2O_2 2.0 mM,反應(yīng)溫度25°C,反應(yīng)pH4.0;CeVO_4-2的最適反應(yīng)條件為:CeVO_4-2 300μg/mL,H_2O_2 2.0 mM,反應(yīng)溫度25°C,反應(yīng)pH4.0;基于兩種材料良好的過(guò)氧化物酶活性,我們建立了可視化檢測(cè)過(guò)氧化氫的系統(tǒng),對(duì)過(guò)氧化氫的檢測(cè)限最低分別可達(dá)0.7和0.07μM,本研究不僅提供了一種快速、價(jià)廉、簡(jiǎn)便、靈敏的新型可視化H_2O_2檢測(cè)方法,也為開(kāi)發(fā)新型高效的模擬酶材料提供了基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Enzymes play a decisive role in the smooth progress of many chemical reactions, but because most of the nature of natural enzymes belong to proteins or RNAs, the catalytic environment is very high, and it is difficult to extract and purify, so it is difficult to use on a large scale. Because of its advantages of easy preparation, low cost, high stability and good catalytic activity, artificial mimic enzymes have become potential substitutes for biological enzymes, in which peroxidase mimics are used to detect hydrogen peroxide. Glucose and other aspects are of great significance and have received extensive attention. In this study, different reaction conditions were adopted by hydrothermal synthesis. Four different morphologies of Fe_2 (MoO_4) 3-F (flowered) Feti2 (MoO_4) 3-P (flake) tip-Fe2 (MoO_4) 3-B (butterfly) and Fe_2 (MoO_4) 3-S (spherical) nanomaterials with different morphologies, such as CeVO_4-1.5 (pH 1.5) CeVO4-2 (pH 2), CeVO4-2.5 (pH 2.5) and CeVO_4-3 (pH 3), were prepared. The morphology, composition, specific surface area and Zeta potential of Fe_2 (MoO_4) 3-F and CeVO_4-2 were characterized by means of Tem Fesemer, XRDX, EDXX, and Zeta potential. The results showed that Fe_2 (MoO_4) 3-F and CeVO_4-2 had the largest specific surface area. The enzyme activity experiment showed that Fe_2 (MoO_4) 3-F and CeVO_4-2 had good properties of mimic peroxidase and had good reusability, and we found that the enzyme activity and material concentration were influenced by the factors affecting the activity of peroxidase. The concentration of substrate hydrogen peroxide, the temperature and pH of the reaction are related. The mechanism of catalytic reaction is the ping-pong mechanism. The optimum reaction conditions are: 1 Fe2 (MoO_4), 3 F 300 渭 g / m L ~ (-1), 3 ~ F 300 渭 g / m L ~ (-1) / L ~ (3) F ~ (300) 渭 g / m ~ (-1) / L ~ (-1) ~ 3 ~ (3) F ~ (-1), 20 ~ 2.0 mm / M, 25 擄C, pH _ 4.0 based on the optimum reaction conditions:% CeVO4-2 300 渭 g / mL H _ 2O _ 2O _ 2 2.0 mm, reaction temperature 25 擄C, reaction pH 4.0; based on the good peroxidase activity of the two materials, the optimum reaction conditions are as follows:% CeVO4-2 300 渭 g / mL H2O2 2.0 mm, reaction temperature 25 擄C We have established a visual detection system for hydrogen peroxide with the lowest detection limit of 0.7 渭 m and 0.07 渭 M for hydrogen peroxide, respectively. This study not only provides a new visual H_2O_2 detection method which is fast, inexpensive, simple and sensitive. It also provides a basis for the development of new and efficient mimic enzyme materials.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：國(guó)家海洋局第一海洋研究所
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TB383.1;O657.3

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本文編號(hào)：2141079