本文選題：金納米星 + 金納米花　； 參考：《上海師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：金納米粒子的光學(xué)或光電學(xué)性質(zhì)與其形狀密切相關(guān)。不同形狀的納米粒子具有獨特的激子共振響應(yīng),其中各向異性較強的粒子,在可見光波長范圍內(nèi)呈現(xiàn)多個表面等離子體共振(SPR)峰。所以通過控制金粒子的形狀可以用來調(diào)節(jié)其光學(xué)性質(zhì)。SPR的機理是基于金納米粒子的誘導(dǎo)聚集狀態(tài)改變而引起顏色變化,SPR對于納米粒子尺寸及其形貌以及納米粒子所處的外界環(huán)境比較敏感�？梢赃\用紫外可見光譜進行生物、化學(xué)等方面的分析。而在眾多形貌中,各向異性金納米粒子顯示出不同尋常和非凡的物理和化學(xué)性質(zhì),尤其是多支狀的金納米粒子(如金納米星、金納米花),其尖銳的納米粒子結(jié)構(gòu)使其具有更強的SERS效應(yīng)。目前科研者廣泛地將它們用作生物分析及金屬離子比色、SERS檢測。本論文中,我們通過晶種生長法,分別在無表面活性劑以及有CTAB存在的條件下制備出粒徑、形貌均勻的單分散的金納米星和金納米花。合成出的多支狀的金納米粒子均易于表面修飾,且體現(xiàn)出良好的SERS性能。在此基礎(chǔ)上,我們再利用表面功能化的金納米星作為基底對金屬鋁離子進行檢測以及研究,具體內(nèi)容如下:(1)第2章通過改變金種及生長溶液中檸檬酸三鈉的量,在室溫下利用晶種合成法制備出粒徑可控的特殊形貌的金納米粒子—金納米星;著重探究了金種的量對于金納米粒子形貌、粒徑以及光學(xué)性質(zhì)的影響。探究了其在SERS光譜分析中的應(yīng)用前景。(2)第3章通過改變金種及生長溶液中各反應(yīng)物的量,在存在有表面活性劑CTAB,恒溫30℃的條件下合成出粒徑可控的特殊形貌金納米粒子—金納米花。探究了其在紫外可見吸收光譜分析中的應(yīng)用前景。(3)第4章利用3-巰基丙酸功能化的金納米星(MPA-AuNSs)為基底。運用比色法定性、定量檢測Al~(3+)。檢測過程中隨著加入Al~(3+)濃度的升高,紫外可見吸收光譜597nm處的吸收峰逐漸消失,799nm處的聚沉峰峰值越來越高。且濃度過高時金納米星完全聚沉,紫外可見吸收峰全部消失。本章通過實驗對檢測Al~(3+)的靈敏度以及選擇性進行了深度的探究。該基底在檢測Al~(3+)表現(xiàn)出了高靈敏度,檢出限為1.2μM。通過對比不同濃度不同的金屬離子(Al~(3+),Cd2+,Co2+,Cu2+,K+,Mn2+,Ni2+,Pb2+,Zn2+),得出單獨的金屬離子不會對檢測產(chǎn)生干擾,證明該基底可以特異性檢測Al~(3+)。因此MPA-AuNSs在實際生活中可以有廣泛的應(yīng)用。例如飲用水、食品中Al~(3+)的微量檢測。
[Abstract]:The optical or photoelectric properties of gold nanoparticles are closely related to their shape. Different shapes of nanoparticles have a unique exciton resonance response, among which the strongly anisotropic particles exhibit multiple surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peaks in the visible wavelength range. So by controlling the shape of gold particles can be used to adjust its optical properties. SPR mechanism is based on the gold nanoparticles induced aggregation state change and cause color change. The external environment is relatively sensitive. UV-visible spectrum can be used for biological, chemical and other aspects of analysis. Among the many morphologies, anisotropic gold nanoparticles exhibit unusual and extraordinary physical and chemical properties, especially multi-branched gold nanoparticles, such as gold nanoparticles, The sharp structure of gold nanoparticles makes it have stronger SERS effect. At present, they are widely used in biological analysis and metal ion colorimetric SERS detection. In this thesis, we prepared monodisperse gold nanoparticles and gold nanoflowers with uniform particle size and uniform morphology in the presence of CTAB and non-surfactant by the method of seed growth. The synthesized multi-branched gold nanoparticles are easy to surface modification and exhibit good SERS properties. On this basis, we use the surface-functionalized gold nanosars as the substrate to detect and study the metal aluminum ions, as follows: chapter 2 changes the amount of trisodium citrate in gold species and growth solution. Gold nanoparticles with controllable particle size were prepared by seed synthesis at room temperature, and the effects of the amount of gold seeds on the morphology, particle size and optical properties of gold nanoparticles were investigated. In chapter 3, by changing the amount of reactants in gold species and growth solution, In the presence of surfactant CTAB and constant temperature of 30 鈩，

本文編號：2035526