本文選題：導電聚合物 + 嵌段共聚物��； 參考：《新疆師范大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：導電聚合物具備較長的共軛鏈結構,獨特的物理化學性能,能夠在信息存儲、傳感器、電化學超級電容器等方面有廣泛的運用。納米結構的導電聚合物材料由于具有特殊的納米尺寸的效應,其能夠顯著提高導電高分子聚合物材料的各種物理化學性質,豐富導電高分子聚合物材料的器件的功能。在導電高分子聚合物納米結構材料的制備的諸多方法中,以嵌段共聚物為模板制備導電高分子聚合物納米材料一直是許多研究學者的不斷探索的熱點。本文的主要研究內容如下:(1)通過原子轉移自由基聚合法(簡稱為ATRP法)合成聚乙二醇嵌段-聚苯乙烯嵌段組成的兩嵌段共聚物PEO113-b-PSx(x=50,58,100),以PS嵌段長度不同的共聚物PEO113-b-PSx(x=50,58,100)為模板制備聚聯(lián)苯胺。通過嵌段共聚物模板合成的導電聚聯(lián)苯胺具有亞微米級到納米級棒狀分布,尺寸及分布較均勻,模板的去除未破壞聚聯(lián)苯胺的形貌且使其尺寸略有減小。通過調節(jié)單體用量可以得到形貌和尺寸可控的聚聯(lián)苯胺。循環(huán)壽命測試顯示,去模板的聚聯(lián)苯胺經過500次恒流充放電循環(huán)測試之后,比電容量衰減率在10%以內。(2)通過ATRP法合成了聚乙二醇嵌段和4-乙烯基吡啶嵌段組成的兩嵌段共聚物PEO-b-P4VP,以兩嵌段共聚物PEO-b-P4VP為模板制備聚聯(lián)苯胺部分進入納米級,調節(jié)模板劑膠束溶液p H值,制備形貌和尺寸均可控的聚聯(lián)苯胺。合成的聚聯(lián)苯胺為平均直徑小于200nm棒狀顆粒,其直徑隨著模板劑膠束溶液p H的降低而增加。在電流密度為1A·g~(-1)時,聚聯(lián)苯胺的比電容量為306.3 F·g~(-1),經過長時間的充放電測試,不同條件下合成的聚聯(lián)苯胺的容量衰減率均很小,表現(xiàn)良好的循環(huán)穩(wěn)定性且各樣品電化學性能呈現(xiàn)隨著直徑的減小增強的趨勢。(3)通過ATRP法聚合了聚乙二醇嵌段-聚丙烯酸叔丁酯嵌段組成的(PEO-b-Pt BA),并且將PEO-b-Pt BA通過三氟乙酸水解得到聚乙二醇-聚丙烯酸(PEO-b-PAA)。以兩嵌段共聚物PEO-b-Pt BA及PEO-b-PAA為模板制備了亞微米至納米級棒狀聚聯(lián)苯胺(PBz)顆粒。嵌段共聚物為模板合成的PBz呈現(xiàn)棒狀分布,顆粒直徑均小于200 nm且部分顆粒直徑進入100 nm以內。PBz顆粒形貌均勻,尺寸均一,使用有機溶劑溶解嵌段共聚物模板未對PBz顆粒形貌未產生影響。經電化學性能測試發(fā)現(xiàn)不同模板合成的PBz均具有一定的電化學活性,以PEO-b-PAA為模板得到的各樣品電化學性能優(yōu)于PEO-b-Pt BA為模板的情況。當電流密度在1A·g~(-1)時,材料比電容量最高達到了263 F·g~(-1)。
[Abstract]:Conducting polymers have long conjugated chain structures, unique physical and chemical properties, and can be widely used in information storage, sensors, electrochemical supercapacitors and so on. Conducting polymer materials with nanostructures can significantly improve the various kinds of conductive polymer materials because of the special nano size effect. In the preparation of conductive polymer nanomaterials, the preparation of conductive polymer nanomaterials with block copolymer as template has been a hot spot for many researchers. The main contents of this paper are as follows. (1) (1) the two block copolymer PEO113-b-PSx (x=50,58100) composed of PEG Block polystyrene block was synthesized by atomic transfer radical polymerization (ATRP method), and polydiphenamine was prepared by the template of PS block copolymer PEO113-b-PSx (x=50,58100). The conductive polyaniline was synthesized by the block copolymer template. The morphology and size of polyaniline can be obtained by adjusting the amount of monomers. The cyclic life test of the template has been measured by 500 constant current charge discharge cycles. After the test, the attenuation rate of the specific capacitance is within 10%. (2) the two block copolymer PEO-b-P4VP composed of polyethylene glycol block and 4- vinyl pyridine block is synthesized by ATRP method. The polyaniline part is prepared by two block copolymer PEO-b-P4VP as a template, and the P H value of the template agent solution is adjusted. The morphology and size of the preparation are all controllable. Polyaniline. The synthesis of polyaniline is an average diameter less than 200nm rod like particles, and its diameter increases with the decrease of P H in the template solution. When the current density is 1A. G~ (-1), the specific capacity of polyaniline is 306.3 F. G~ (-1). After a long time charge and discharge test, the capacity attenuation rate of polyaniline synthesized under different conditions It was very small, showed good cyclic stability and the electrochemical properties of each sample increased with the decrease of diameter. (3) ATRP method was used to polymerized polyethylene glycol block tert butyl ester block (PEO-b-Pt BA), and PEO-b-Pt BA was hydrolyzed by three FLUOROACETIC acid to get polyethylene glycol polyacrylic acid (PEO-b-PAA). Two The block copolymers PEO-b-Pt BA and PEO-b-PAA were prepared for the preparation of sub micron to nanometer rod like polyaniline (PBz) particles. The PBz of the block copolymer was rod like distribution, the diameter of the particles was less than 200 nm and the diameter of some particles was within 100 nm and the.PBz particles were homogeneous. The size was uniform and the block was dissolved in organic solvents. The polymer template did not affect the morphology of PBz particles. The electrochemical performance test showed that the PBz with different templates had certain electrochemical activity. The electrochemical performance of the samples obtained from PEO-b-PAA was better than that of PEO-b-Pt BA as a template. When the current density was 1A g~ (-1), the maximum material capacity reached 263 F. G~ (-1).
【學位授予單位】：新疆師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：O633.21

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