本文選題：介孔炭 + 直接碳化法�。� 參考：《蘭州理工大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著超級電容器的性能被逐漸拓展,其高功率密度、長循環(huán)壽命和經(jīng)濟環(huán)保的優(yōu)勢愈發(fā)引人矚目。但能量密度低這一不足使其無法替代Li電池等傳統(tǒng)能源儲備/供應(yīng)器件。電極材料與電解液是影響超級電容器性能的關(guān)鍵因素。炭電極材料與水系電解液具有環(huán)境友好性、經(jīng)濟效益性被廣泛應(yīng)用于超級電容器。由于炭材料較低的比電容和水系電解液較低的穩(wěn)定電壓窗口,使得超級電容器能量密度較低。為了提高超級電容器能量密度,本文通過優(yōu)化炭材料孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)提高比電容,并制備具有高穩(wěn)定電壓窗口的水系電解液,改善超級電容器低能量密度的這一弊端。提高炭材料比電容,增大了水系電解液電壓窗口,提高了超級電容器能量密度。1、采用檸檬酸鐵銨有機復(fù)合鹽一步炭化制備自摻氮介孔炭材料。自摻氮介孔炭材料FBNC-700具有大的BET表面(1021 m2 g-1),雙峰孔結(jié)構(gòu)(孔分布約在2 nm以及5-15 nm之間)和自摻氮(氮含量為3.86%),其比電容達到223 F g-1。2、考察了酒石酸鉀鈉溶液作為水系電解液的可行性。酒石酸鉀鈉溶液穩(wěn)定電壓窗口為1.3 V(-0.8 V-0.5 V)。通過二電極測試,FNBC-700在2 M酒石酸鉀鈉溶液中0.5 A g-1下比電容為97 F g-1。實驗結(jié)果表明:2 M酒石酸鉀鈉溶液具有優(yōu)異的電化學性能,可作為一種新型水系電解液。3、考察了醋酸鈉溶液作為水系電解液的可行性。醋酸鈉溶液穩(wěn)定電壓窗口為1.8 V(-1.1 V-0.7 V),FNBC-700在1.5M醋酸鈉溶液三電極測試中比電容為254 F g-1。二電極測試中,1.5 M醋酸鈉中FBNC-700的能量密度較在1 M H2SO4性能更為優(yōu)異。實驗結(jié)果表明:1.5 M醋酸鈉溶液可成為一種具有高穩(wěn)定電壓窗口的新型水系電解液。
[Abstract]:The advantages of high power density, long cycle life and economic and environmental protection are becoming more and more attractive as the performance of supercapacitors is gradually expanded. However, the low energy density makes it impossible to replace the traditional energy storage / supply devices such as Li batteries. Electrode materials and electrolyte are the key factors affecting the performance of supercapacitors. Carbon electrode materials and aqueous electrolyte have environmental friendliness and economic benefits are widely used in supercapacitors. Because of the lower specific capacitance of carbon material and the lower stable voltage window of water electrolyte, the energy density of supercapacitor is lower. In order to improve the energy density of supercapacitors, this paper improves the low energy density of supercapacitors by optimizing the pore structure of carbon materials and preparing water electrolyte with high voltage window. The specific capacitance of carbon material was increased, the voltage window of electrolyte was increased, and the energy density of supercapacitor was increased. The nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon material was prepared by one step carbonization with ferric ammonium citrate organic compound salt. Self-nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon (FBNC-700) has a large BET surface of 1021 m2 g ~ (-1), a bimodal pore structure (pore distribution of about 2 nm and 5-15 nm) and self-doped nitrogen (the nitrogen content is 3.86), and its specific capacitance is up to 223F g-1.2. The potassium sodium tartrate solution as a kind of sodium tartrate was investigated. Feasibility of electrolyte in water system. The stable voltage window of potassium sodium tartrate solution is 1.3 V ~ (-1) V ~ (-0.8) V ~ (0.5) V ~ (-1). The specific capacitance of FNBC-700 was 97 F g -1 in 2 M potassium sodium tartrate solution. The experimental results show that potassium sodium tartrate solution has excellent electrochemical performance and can be used as a new water electrolyte. The feasibility of sodium acetate solution as water electrolyte was investigated. The voltage window of sodium acetate solution is 1.8 V ~ (-1) V ~ (-1) V ~ (0.7) V FNBC-700. The specific capacitance of FNBC-700 is 254 F g ~ (-1) in 1.5m sodium acetate solution. The energy density of FBNC-700 in 1.5 M sodium acetate is better than that in 1 M H2SO4. The experimental results show that the sodium acetate solution of 1. 5 M can become a new type of electrolyte with high voltage window.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM53;O646

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本文編號：1975824