本文選題：有機太陽能電池 + 有機光電材料　； 參考：《上海師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：有機光電材料以其易加工、光電響應(yīng)快、存儲密度高等優(yōu)點被廣泛應(yīng)用于發(fā)光二極管、有機晶體管、有機太陽能電池、有機存儲器等有機電子領(lǐng)域。這些應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域之間可以說既有共性又有差異;共性是都是利用這些材料的半導(dǎo)體的光電性質(zhì)來達(dá)到相應(yīng)的性能,而差異則體現(xiàn)在不同的功能要求有不同的化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)來實現(xiàn)。由此可見,有機光電材料的性能和結(jié)構(gòu)之間有著密切的關(guān)系。對它們的深入研究有助于為設(shè)計和優(yōu)化出新型的材料、探索新穎的器件和廣泛的應(yīng)用起到指導(dǎo)性的作用。稠環(huán)芳烴作為有機光電材料中的明星材料,主要是由于其在光電子器件中表現(xiàn)出優(yōu)異的性能。稠環(huán)芳烴根據(jù)形態(tài)可分為平面型與非平面型兩種;與平面型稠環(huán)芳烴相比,首先,扭曲的結(jié)構(gòu)使得材料的內(nèi)在物理特性發(fā)生了很大的改變;其次,這種非平面的性質(zhì)導(dǎo)致其在晶體薄膜以及多晶薄膜中分子之間的接觸呈現(xiàn)出多樣化,進(jìn)而提升了以有機材料為基礎(chǔ)的器件的電荷傳輸性能;此外,這類芳烴的非平面結(jié)構(gòu)可以為富勒烯等具有凸形結(jié)構(gòu)的物質(zhì)產(chǎn)生很好的吻合,為富勒烯的分離提純提供了途徑,而且在有機光伏器件中通過有序的p-n結(jié)提高了其的自組裝性能;最后,這些材料在有機溶劑中具有較好的溶解性并且在溶劑中進(jìn)行自發(fā)聚合的可能性也不大,所以可以通過溶液處理的方法來制備此類材料。本論文主要是基于非平面的六苯并蔻(c-HBC)進(jìn)行了一系列的研究工作,從以下三個大的方面進(jìn)行論述:(一)我們設(shè)計并合成出了三種具有取代基的c-HBC例如含有十二烷氧基、溴取代基以及三甲基硅取代基。在HBC分子中引入十二烷氧基主要是為了提高其在常規(guī)有機溶劑中的溶解性;引入溴取代基主要是由于溴原子既是一個易離去基團又是一個反應(yīng)活性點可以進(jìn)行各種偶聯(lián)反應(yīng);而引入三甲基硅這樣一個取代基主要是由于其的易離去性,可以在四取代HBC上進(jìn)行預(yù)期的反應(yīng)得到想要的材料。(二)通過在溴取代的HBC上進(jìn)行上丙炔基反應(yīng),得到含有丙炔基取代的HBC;然后進(jìn)行炔烴復(fù)分解反應(yīng)將單個的HBC分子通過碳碳三鍵連接起來,形成一個大的派電子離域體系。(三)四溴取代的HBC分子通過Yamamoto偶聯(lián)反應(yīng)生成納米球狀的低聚物,對該材料的熱穩(wěn)定性、光吸收性質(zhì)以及空間構(gòu)型進(jìn)行了一系列的研究。
[Abstract]:Organic optoelectronic materials are widely used in the fields of light emitting diodes, organic transistors, organic solar cells, organic memory and other organic electronics due to their advantages of easy processing, fast photoelectric response and high storage density. These applications can be said to have both generality and difference. The commonality is to use the photoelectric properties of the semiconductors of these materials to achieve the corresponding performance, and the difference is reflected in the different functional requirements of different chemical structures to achieve. It can be seen that there is a close relationship between the properties and structure of organic optoelectronic materials. Their in-depth study is helpful for the design and optimization of new materials, the exploration of novel devices and wide applications. As a star material in organic optoelectronic materials, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are mainly due to their excellent performance in optoelectronic devices. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons can be divided into plane type and non-plane type according to their morphology. Firstly, the distorted structure changes the physical properties of the material greatly. This nonplanar property leads to a variety of contacts between molecules in both crystalline and polycrystalline films, which in turn improves the charge transport performance of organic material-based devices. The nonplanar structure of this kind of aromatics can produce a good agreement for fullerenes and other substances with convex structure, which provides a way for the separation and purification of fullerenes, and improves their self-assembly performance in organic photovoltaic devices through ordered p-n junctions. Finally, these materials have good solubility in organic solvents and the possibility of spontaneous polymerization in solvents is not great, so they can be prepared by solution treatment. In this paper, a series of research work is conducted based on the nonplanar hexabenzocorbium c-HBC. We discuss the following three aspects: (1) We have designed and synthesized three kinds of c-HBC with substituents, such as dodecoxy groups. Bromine substituents and trimethyl silicon substituents. The main purpose of introducing dodecoxy into HBC is to improve its solubility in conventional organic solvents, and the bromine substituent is mainly due to the fact that the bromine atom is both an easily departed group and a reactive active point for various coupling reactions. The introduction of trimethyl silicon as a substituent is mainly due to its easy to leave, so the desired material can be obtained by the expected reaction on tetrasubstituted HBC. (2) HBCs containing propargyl substituents were obtained by the reaction of propargyl groups on brominated HBC, and then the individual HBC molecules were connected by carbon-carbon triple bonds to form a large para-electron delocalization system. (3) the tetrabromo-substituted HBC molecules were synthesized into spherical oligomers by Yamamoto coupling reaction. The thermal stability, optical absorption properties and spatial configuration of the materials were studied.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB34;O625

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本文編號：1812980