本文選題：電化學(xué) + 高級氧化�。� 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：中國的城市化進(jìn)程越來越快,導(dǎo)致生活污水與工業(yè)廢水的產(chǎn)生量每日增加。但在之前人們的環(huán)保意識并沒有很強(qiáng)。許多生活污水與工業(yè)廢水未經(jīng)處理就隨意的排放到自然界中,造成自然水體超過其自凈能力。水中氮磷元素嚴(yán)重超標(biāo),造成水體大面積富營養(yǎng)化。而引起水體富營養(yǎng)化的重要原因就是水體內(nèi)的藻類過度繁殖,在湖水或其他水域里大量的爆發(fā)。而藻類在自然水體中的爆發(fā)通常會給人們飲用水的供應(yīng)帶來難以估計(jì)的影響。藻類本身生長釋放在水體中的一系列物質(zhì)都會引起水生生物和人類的眾多疾病。對水生生態(tài)系統(tǒng)造成難以估計(jì)的破壞與危害。在淡水富營養(yǎng)化中,主要的藻類是銅綠微囊藻。船體在行使過程中通常會有壓載水,當(dāng)壓載水中含有這種藻類時(shí),船體到達(dá)另一片水域?qū)狠d水排出時(shí)就會給另一片水域引入這種藻類。當(dāng)另一片水域的水質(zhì)條件如果適宜銅綠微囊藻繁殖就有極高的潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)引起另一片水域的富營養(yǎng)化。因此在本研究中,使用一種簡便的電化學(xué)反應(yīng)器,探究不同實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下利用電化學(xué)高級氧化作用殺滅水中的銅綠微囊藻(經(jīng)常被稱為藍(lán)藻)的效果。該電化學(xué)反應(yīng)器結(jié)構(gòu)組成為:陽極為亞氧化鈦電極材料,陰極為不銹鋼網(wǎng)。在實(shí)驗(yàn)中,將含有銅綠微囊藻的藻懸浮液(藻類濃度為1.3-1.1×1010個(gè)/L),置于電流密度為1 mA/cm2至10mA/cm2下進(jìn)行電化學(xué)高級氧化處理,反應(yīng)時(shí)間為2h。在反應(yīng)過程中我們每隔0.5 h進(jìn)行取樣,監(jiān)測藍(lán)藻細(xì)胞密度、葉綠素a的含量、水體的p H值和電導(dǎo)率以及水質(zhì)的COD和溶液中其他大分子物質(zhì)(蛋白質(zhì)、腐殖質(zhì)等)的變化。在電流密度為10 mA/cm2時(shí),經(jīng)過前30 min電化學(xué)高級氧化的處理后,銅綠微囊藻的細(xì)胞密度下降的非常迅速。藻密度從起始的1.3×1010個(gè)/L下降到6.9×109個(gè)/L。經(jīng)過120 min處理后,藻類細(xì)胞濃度由1.3×1010個(gè)/L下降到6.2×109個(gè)/L。根據(jù)實(shí)驗(yàn)可以得出結(jié)論,銅綠微囊藻的數(shù)量變化和光密度值的變化是與所施加的電流密度和處理時(shí)間成正相關(guān)的。并且通過掃描電子顯微鏡觀察,可以清晰的看見,在經(jīng)過電化學(xué)氧化處理后銅綠微囊藻的細(xì)胞膜受到了嚴(yán)重的破壞,使其細(xì)胞內(nèi)的細(xì)胞質(zhì)大量的外泄。由于細(xì)胞損壞,導(dǎo)致葉綠素a從細(xì)胞內(nèi)外滲到溶液中,才可以被電化學(xué)反應(yīng)所氧化進(jìn)行礦化作用,從而得到去除。在所施加電流密度為10 mA/cm2時(shí),藻類的葉綠素的去除率接近90%。并且由于電化學(xué)反應(yīng)導(dǎo)致水體的p H和電導(dǎo)率有了明顯的變化,更加加速了葉綠素a的去除效率。并且處理后的藻類幾乎沒有再次生長的可能,當(dāng)所施加的電流密度為10mA/cm2時(shí),僅僅處理15 min后,將處理后的藻類按照無菌操作的方法重新培養(yǎng)在適宜條件下培養(yǎng)。連續(xù)監(jiān)測8天早溶液的光密度值變化(藻類濃度)。通過實(shí)驗(yàn)我們發(fā)現(xiàn)銅綠微囊藻細(xì)胞并沒有任何生長和生存的跡象。光密度值一直呈現(xiàn)下降狀態(tài),并且整個(gè)溶液也由原來的淡綠色變成了渾濁的淡黃色。以上實(shí)驗(yàn)充分的證明了,電化學(xué)高級氧化可以成功并且高效的對引起富營養(yǎng)化的重要對象—銅綠微囊藻進(jìn)行有效的殺滅。并且可以在短時(shí)間內(nèi)使藻類細(xì)胞失去活性。這充分說明了電化學(xué)高級氧化在富營養(yǎng)化水體治理凈化過程中擁有著廣闊的應(yīng)用前景和使用價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:The process of urbanization in China is getting faster and faster, which leads to the daily increase in the production of domestic sewage and industrial wastewater. But the awareness of environmental protection is not very strong before. Many domestic sewage and industrial waste water are discharged into nature at will, causing natural water to exceed its self purification capacity. The important reason for eutrophication in water body is that the important reason for the eutrophication of water body is the excessive reproduction of algae in the water body and a large number of outbreaks in lake water or other waters. The outbreak of algae in the natural water body usually brings inestimable influence on the supply of drinking water. The algae itself is released in the body of the water body. Material can cause many diseases of aquatic organisms and human beings. It causes inestimable damage and harm to aquatic ecosystems. In freshwater eutrophication, the main algae is Microcystis aeruginosa. The hull is usually loaded with ballast water during the process of exercise. When this kind of algae is contained in the ballast water, the ship will reach the other water to press the ballast water. A simple electrochemical reactor is used to explore the use of advanced electrochemical oxidation under different experimental conditions to explore the use of electrochemical advanced oxidation in this study. The effect of the Microcystis (often called cyanobacteria) in the killing of water. The electrochemical reactor structure is: the anode is a titanium dioxide electrode material and the cathode is stainless steel. In the experiment, the algal suspension containing Microcystis aeruginosa (1.3-1.1 x 1010 /L) is placed under the current density of 1 mA/cm2 to 10mA/cm2. The electrochemical advanced oxidation treatment, the reaction time was 2h. during the reaction process, we sampled every 0.5 h, monitoring the density of cyanobacteria, the content of chlorophyll a, the P H value and electrical conductivity of the water body, the COD of water quality and the other large molecular substances (protein, humus, etc.) in the solution. At the current density of 10 mA/cm2, the first 30 min After electrochemical advanced oxidation, the cell density of Microcystis aeruginosa declined very rapidly. The algae density decreased from 1.3 x 1010 /L to 6.9 * 109 /L. after 120 min treatment, and the algal cell concentration decreased from 1.3 x 1010 /L to 6.2 x 109 /L. according to the experiment, the quantitative change and light density of Microcystis aeruginosa could be concluded. The change in the value is positively related to the current density and processing time applied. And by scanning electron microscopy, it can be clearly seen that the cell membrane of Microcystis aeruginosa has been severely damaged after electrochemical oxidation, making the cytoplasm of the cells in a large amount of leakage. Due to cell damage, the chlorophyll a is caused. The mineralization can be removed by the oxidation of the cell from the cell to the solution. The removal rate of chlorophyll is close to 90%. when the current density is 10 mA/cm2, and the electrochemical reaction leads to the obvious change in the P H and electrical conductivity of the water body, which accelerates the removal of chlorophyll a. Efficiency. And the algae after treatment had almost no possibility of regrowing again. When the applied current density was 10mA/cm2, only 15 min was treated, the treated algae were retrained under the aseptic operation under suitable conditions. The change of the light density value of the 8 day early solution (algae concentration) was continuously monitored. The Microcystis aeruginosa cells do not have any signs of growth and survival. The value of light density has been declining, and the whole solution has also changed from the original light green to the turbid yellowish yellow. The above experiments are fully demonstrated that the electrochemical advanced oxidation can be successful and highly effective in producing eutrophication microcapsules. The algae can be effectively killed and the algal cells can be lost in a short time. This shows that the advanced electrochemical oxidation has a broad application prospect and use value in the treatment and purification process of eutrophic water.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：O646.5;X52

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 王文琪;;化學(xué)法處理電鍍廢水的研究進(jìn)展[J];電鍍與環(huán)保;2017年02期

2 王藝潤;方慶;胡濤英;劉穎;;光譜法和分子對接模擬技術(shù)研究異煙肼對人血清白蛋白和過氧化氫酶的特異性結(jié)合及抑制作用（英文）[J];光譜學(xué)與光譜分析;2016年11期

3 趙東鋒;賈新見;劉運(yùn)平;李修東;;石墨電極的兩種焙燒工藝比較[J];炭素技術(shù);2016年04期

4 王晶;;農(nóng)村生活污水處理問題探析[J];現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)科技;2016年09期

5 甕青松;楊富國;阮善菊;;電化學(xué)方法處理分散紅染料廢水的研究[J];廣東化工;2016年10期

6 吳雪飛;嚴(yán)祺;王先云;姜蕾;張東;;原水預(yù)臭氧工藝控藻除嗅效果分析[J];凈水技術(shù);2016年S1期

7 鐘登杰;胡芝悅;;電化學(xué)法處理生活污水研究進(jìn)展[J];工業(yè)水處理;2016年04期

8 盧凝;胡軍濤;湯展宏;;高鐵血紅蛋白研究進(jìn)展[J];蛇志;2016年01期

9 吐爾迪·吾買爾;竇俊青;張季;蔣相站;塔力哈爾·夏依木拉提;;一維電極活性材料LiFePO_4的制備及其電化學(xué)性能研究[J];電子元件與材料;2016年03期

10 范功端;林茜;陳麗茹;林茹晶;蘇昭越;陳薇;;超聲波技術(shù)預(yù)防性抑制藍(lán)藻水華的研究[J];水資源保護(hù);2015年06期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前4條

1 王愚;亞氧化鈦電化學(xué)陽極氧化降解印染廢水研究[D];哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué);2016年

2 劉珍;除藻微生物制劑細(xì)菌多樣性及活化研究[D];華南理工大學(xué);2014年

3 姚傳好;燃料電池用Ti_4O_7的合成及其載Pt催化劑的性能研究[D];北京工業(yè)大學(xué);2012年

4 孫揚(yáng)才;富營養(yǎng)化飲用水源地遮光控藻技術(shù)研究[D];上海交通大學(xué);2008年

，

本文編號：1783025