本文選題：青錢柳葉 + 固相微萃取��； 參考：《南昌大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：青錢柳為胡桃科青錢柳屬植物,民間主要用于清熱消腫、止痛,屬于我國特有的珍稀樹種。近年來,青錢柳的研究由大部分集中于小分子物質(zhì)分離鑒定及生物活性方面,開始逐漸轉(zhuǎn)向分子量較大或成分較復(fù)雜的組分如多糖、皂苷、生物堿等方面。本文分別采用SPME-GC-MS和UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS對青錢柳葉中揮發(fā)性成分及酚酸提取物中組分進(jìn)行定性分析,并采用LC-QqQ-MS測定其中主要的酚酸含量。此外,采用不同極性溶劑對青錢柳葉進(jìn)行提取,并測定其總酚、總黃酮、總糖含量及抗氧化活性,最后采用UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS對抗氧化活性成分進(jìn)行分析鑒定。主要研究結(jié)果如下:第1章:介紹了近年來國內(nèi)外有關(guān)文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道青錢柳化學(xué)成分、分離分析方法及生物活性方面的研究進(jìn)展。簡要概述了青錢柳的化學(xué)成分提取技術(shù)及分析方法現(xiàn)狀,并闡述了液相色譜-質(zhì)譜聯(lián)用技術(shù)在植物化學(xué)成分分析中的優(yōu)勢。第2章:采用固相微萃取(SPME)和氣相色譜-三重串聯(lián)四極桿質(zhì)譜聯(lián)用儀(GC-QQQ-MS)相結(jié)合的方法對兩個(gè)產(chǎn)地(江西修水野生和浙江文成人工栽培)的青錢柳葉揮發(fā)性成分進(jìn)行研究,并比較了它們在揮發(fā)性化學(xué)成分種類及含量上的差異。結(jié)果表明:在兩個(gè)產(chǎn)地的青錢柳葉中共鑒定出91種揮發(fā)性組分,共有44種揮發(fā)性組分,且主要是碳?xì)浠衔镱�、醇類、醛類、酯類、酮類、萘類和醚類化合�?但兩個(gè)樣品在揮發(fā)性成分的具體組成和含量上存在一定的差異。野生青錢柳葉的揮發(fā)性成分主要是β-瑟林烯(18.52%)、石竹烯(8.11%)、β-甜沒藥烯(6.01%)、β-欖香烯(5.36%)、順-香葉基丙酮(4.02%)等,人工栽培青錢柳葉的揮發(fā)性成分主要是β-波旁烯(11.05%)、β-瑟林烯(10.91%)、石竹烯(7.03%)、苯甲醇(7.01%)、2,6,11-三甲基十二烷(5.16%)、2,6-二甲基-6-(4-甲基-3-戊烯基)-雙環(huán)[3.1.1]庚-2-烯(5.36%)等。第3章:采用UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS定性分析青錢柳葉酚酸提取物中化學(xué)成分,并采用LC-QqQ-MS測定其中六種酚酸的含量,即沒食子酸、原兒茶酸、對羥基苯甲酸、咖啡酸、對香豆酸和阿魏酸。結(jié)果顯示:可溶性酚酸提取物中共初步鑒定出了22種化學(xué)成分,包括3種有機(jī)酸、9種酚酸、4種黃酮、3種酯類和3種其他類化合物,束縛性酚酸提取物中總共鑒定出26種化合物,包括8種有機(jī)酸、8種酚酸、4種黃酮和6種其他化合物;青錢柳葉中主要以羥基肉桂酸型酚酸含量較高,羥基苯甲酸型酚酸含量較少,且可溶性酚酸含量要大于束縛酚酸的含量,其中咖啡酸的含量最高,分別為583.61μg/mg和195.52μg/mg。第4章:利用比色法測定青錢柳葉不同溶劑(水、70%乙醇、乙酸乙酯和正己烷)提取物中總酚、總黃酮、總糖含量及抗氧化活性(DPPH自由基清除能力、還原能力、總抗氧化能力、Fe2+鰲合能力),考察酚類物質(zhì)含量與抗氧化活性的相關(guān)性,并采用UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS分析提取物中主要活性成分。結(jié)果表明:不同提取物中總酚、總黃酮、總糖含量及抗氧化活性之間存在顯著性差異且70%乙醇提取物表現(xiàn)出最高的總酚(219.01 mg GAE/g)、總黃酮含量(7.23 mg CE/g)及最強(qiáng)的DPPH自由基清除能力(35.46 mg TE/g)和還原能力(1.89 mmol FeSO4/g);總酚、總黃酮含量與DPPH自由基清除能力、還原能力之間呈顯著正相關(guān),與總抗氧化能力呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān),表明多酚類物質(zhì)是青錢柳中主要的抗氧化劑。UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS分析70%乙醇提取物并初步鑒定出22種化合物,包括8種三萜皂苷類、5種黃酮、4種酚酸、3種酯類和2種有機(jī)酸,其中酚酸和黃酮類化合物是主要的抗氧化活性成分,有機(jī)酸、三萜皂苷及酯類化合物可能是潛在的抗氧化活性成分。
[Abstract]:Penicillium is a plant of Penicillium, which is mainly used in clearing heat and relieving pain and is a rare species in China. In recent years, the research of Penicillium has been mainly concentrated on the separation and identification of small molecules and biological activity, and began to gradually turn to large molecular weight or complex components such as polysaccharides, saponins, alkaloids, etc. In this paper, SPME-GC-MS and UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS were used to qualitatively analyze the volatile components and phenolic acids in the leaves of willow, and the main phenolic acids were determined by LC-QqQ-MS. In addition, different polar solvents were used to extract the leaves of Penicillium, and the total phenols, total flavones, total sugar content and antioxidant activity were determined. The main research results are as follows: the main research results are as follows: the first chapter: the first chapter: introduce the research progress on the chemical composition, the separation analysis method and the biological activity of the domestic and foreign literatures in recent years. The chemical composition extraction technology and analysis methods of Penicillium are briefly summarized. The advantages of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in the analysis of plant chemical composition are described. Second: the second chapter: the combination of solid phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography - three heavy series quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-QQQ-MS), the volatile components of the leaves of Penicillium in two habitats (Jiangxi wild and Zhejiang Wencheng artificial cultivation) The results showed that 91 volatile components were identified in the leaves of two habitats, including 44 kinds of volatile components, including hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, esters, ketones, naphthalene and ether, but two samples were volatile. The volatile components of the leaves were mainly beta cyenene (18.52%), carenene (8.11%), beta - myrrh (6.01%), beta elemene (5.36%), CIS leaf base acetone (4.02%) and so on. The volatile constituents of the leaves were mainly beta parenene (11.05%), beta cyenene (10.). 91%), carenenes (7.03%), benzyl alcohol (7.01%), 2,6,11- three methyl twelve alkane (5.16%), 2,6- two methyl -6- (4- methyl -3- glutenyl) - double ring [3.1.1] heptine -2- (5.36%), etc. third: qualitative analysis of the chemical composition of chloranenol acid extract with UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS and determination of the content of six phenolic acids, that is gallic acid, by LC-QqQ-MS Catechinic acid, para hydroxy benzoic acid, caffeic acid, coumaric acid and ferulic acid. The results show that the soluble phenolic acid extracts have preliminarily identified 22 chemical constituents, including 3 organic acids, 9 phenolic acids, 4 flavones, 3 esters and 3 other compounds, and 26 compounds in the bound phenolic acid extracts, including 8 organic acids, 8. Phenolic acid, 4 kinds of flavonoids and 6 other compounds; the content of hydroxyl cinnamic acid type phenolic acid is higher, the content of hydroxybenzoic acid is less, and the content of soluble phenolic acid is greater than that of acetamicylic acid, and the content of caffeic acid is the highest, 583.61 mu g/mg and 195.52 mu g/mg. fourth chapters, respectively: Determination of green money by colorimetric method. Total phenol, total flavone, total sugar content and antioxidant activity (DPPH free radical scavenging ability, reductive ability, total antioxidant capacity, Fe2+ chelating ability) in the extracts of different solvents (water, 70% ethanol, ethyl acetate and hexane) were investigated, and the correlation between phenolic content and antioxidant activity was investigated, and the main extracts were analyzed by UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS. The results showed that there were significant differences in total phenol, total flavonoids, total sugar content and antioxidant activity in different extracts, and the 70% ethanol extracts showed the highest total phenols (219.01 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (7.23 mg CE/g) and the strongest DPPH free radical removal ability (35.46 mg TE/g) and reduction ability (1.89 mmol FeSO4/g). Total phenol, total flavonoids content was positively correlated with DPPH radical scavenging ability and reduction ability, and was negatively correlated with total antioxidant capacity. It showed that polyphenols were the main antioxidant.UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS analysis of 70% ethanol extracts and 22 kinds of compounds, including 8 kinds of three terpenoid saponins, 5 flavones and 4 species. Phenolic acids, 3 kinds of esters and 2 organic acids, of which phenolic acids and flavonoids are the main antioxidant components. Organic acids, three terpene saponins and esters may be potential antioxidant components.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：O657.63;R284.1

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