本文選題：天然棕色棉 + 色素　； 參考：《浙江理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：天然棕色棉被譽(yù)為綠色紡織材料,在種植過(guò)程中,少需甚至不需噴施農(nóng)藥,污染少;加工過(guò)程中不需要染色,既降低了加工成本,又具有生態(tài)環(huán)保優(yōu)勢(shì),因此具有良好的市場(chǎng)潛力。天然棕色棉的品種繁多,顏色深淺不一,有深棕、淺棕色等。加之天然棕色棉易于被合成染料染色的染色棉假冒,這些都給天然棕色棉制品的檢測(cè)、鑒別帶來(lái)了挑戰(zhàn)。鑒于天然棕色棉品種的復(fù)雜性,研究各品種、各類紡織加工處理后天然棕色棉纖維的色素組分的差異,構(gòu)建相關(guān)的指紋圖譜十分必要。本課題分析了全國(guó)主要品種的天然棕色棉的色素組成,以及各種處理對(duì)天然棕色棉色素組分的影響,并嘗試構(gòu)建各品種、各種處理后的天然棕色棉的色素的液相色譜指紋圖譜。具體的研究結(jié)論如下:(1)在不同超聲條件(時(shí)間、溫度、料液比)下提取棕色棉色素,采用高效液相色譜(HPLC)對(duì)提取液進(jìn)行分析。結(jié)果顯示,保留時(shí)間前5 min的強(qiáng)極性組分受超聲提取條件的影響較大,表現(xiàn)為該保留時(shí)間段的色譜峰數(shù)量和峰面積的變化較大。比如短時(shí)間、低溫、高料液比的提取條件得不到1.9 min的組分。溫度低于45℃時(shí)無(wú)法提取到2.5 min的組分,而能夠提取到的1.4 min、2.7 min和3.5 min組分的含量較少。保留時(shí)間7-20 min的色素物質(zhì)受提取條件的影響較小,僅表現(xiàn)為不同提取條件下的提取效率不同。這說(shuō)明,超聲條件對(duì)提取到的色素組分的組成有明顯的影響。以HPLC圖中色素各組分的色譜峰數(shù)量的多少和峰面積的大小為判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn),確定了提取到最多組分和最高含量的棕色棉色素的超聲條件,即超聲時(shí)間為4 h、超聲溫度為55℃、料液比為1:50(g/mL)。(2)收集不同產(chǎn)地、不同品種的天然棕色棉,對(duì)其色素提取物的HPLC圖譜進(jìn)行了研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)不同品種的天然棕色棉色素的組分相似,但含量具有一定的差異,纖維顏色越接近差異越小,和產(chǎn)地的相關(guān)性不明顯。不同品種的天然棕色棉色素的HPLC圖譜比較相似,保留時(shí)間7-20 min的色譜峰基本一致,可認(rèn)定為天然棕色棉色素的HPLC特征峰。各品種的天然棕色棉中,淺色品種的天然棕色棉的HPLC圖譜高度相似,有4個(gè)共有峰,保留時(shí)間分別為:1.4 min、1.9 min、2.5 min和7-20 min。對(duì)各天然淺棕色棉的色素水提取物構(gòu)建出了高度相關(guān)的HPLC指紋圖譜;但是,由于深棕和淺棕色棉的色素提取物的HPLC譜圖差異較大,其譜圖相關(guān)性不高,對(duì)包括深棕和淺棕在內(nèi)的各品種棕色棉構(gòu)建的HPLC指紋圖譜不能滿足需要。(3)棕色棉纖維經(jīng)日曬、水洗、高溫和煮練處理后,色素各組分的HPLC色譜峰的相對(duì)面積都有減小,但程度不同,說(shuō)明色素各組分的穩(wěn)定性有所差異。保留時(shí)間1.4 min、2.5 min、2.7 min和7-20 min的組分保留時(shí)間相對(duì)穩(wěn)定,只是色譜峰面積有不同程度的減小。其中,7-20 min的組分仍然可以作為天然棕色棉(無(wú)論經(jīng)過(guò)日曬、水洗、高溫和煮練處理與否)的HPLC特征峰。但是,1.9 min和3.5 min的組分不是很穩(wěn)定,其色譜峰面積變化較大,會(huì)逐漸消失。棕色棉纖維經(jīng)氧化處理后,其色素提取物的HPLC圖中只存在2.5min組分的色譜峰,說(shuō)明氧化處理后大部分色素提取物的結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生了改變,只有2.5 min組分的結(jié)構(gòu)較穩(wěn)定,不易被氧化。另外,在日曬、水洗、高溫、煮練處理后纖維仍呈棕色,只是顏色深淺發(fā)生了變化。但是,氧化后的纖維完全褪色,纖維呈白色,且其提取物的HPLC圖中7-20 min的色譜峰消失,說(shuō)明該色譜峰對(duì)應(yīng)的色素組分是棕色棉色素的主要成分,對(duì)棕色棉纖維顏色的呈現(xiàn)起主要作用。日曬、水洗、高溫和煮練處理后的棕色棉色素提取物的HPLC圖譜差別較大,無(wú)法對(duì)這些樣品建立起相關(guān)性較高的指紋圖譜。
[Abstract]:The natural brown quilt as a kind of green textile materials, in the planting process, less or no pesticide spraying, less pollution; processing is not needed in the process of dyeing, not only reduces the processing cost, but also has ecological and environmental advantages, so it has good market potential. The natural brown cotton variety, color shades, dark brown in addition, light brown. Natural brown cotton is synthetic dyes dyed cotton fake, which gave the natural brown cotton products detection, identification challenges. Because of the complexity of natural brown cotton varieties, all varieties studied, the difference of all kinds of textile processing pigments in natural brown cotton fiber is separated, it is necessary to the construction of fingerprints related. This paper analyzes the main varieties of natural brown cotton pigment composition, and various effects on the pigment of natural brown cotton group, and try to build various varieties, After various processing of natural brown cotton pigment liquid chromatographic fingerprint. The conclusions are as follows: (1) in different ultrasonic conditions (time, temperature, ratio of material to liquid) under the extraction of brown cotton pigment by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of the extract. The results showed that the retention time before 5 min strong polar components by ultrasonic extraction conditions affect the performance for the changes in the number and peak peak of the reserve time area greatly. Such as the short time, low temperature, high extraction ratio of material to liquid into the 1.9 min component. When the temperature is below 45 DEG C can not be extracted to 2.5 the Min component, and can extract 1.4 min, 2.7 min and 3.5 min less content components. The pigment retention time of 7-20 min was less affected by the extraction conditions, showed only the extraction efficiency of different extraction conditions under different conditions. This shows that the ultrasonic extraction of the pigment There are obvious effects of components. The number of peaks in the HPLC graph of each component of the pigment and the peak area size as a standard, to determine the extraction conditions of ultrasonic most components and the highest content of brown cotton pigment, ultrasonic time was 4 h, ultrasonic temperature is 55 DEG C, liquid is 1:50 (g/mL). (2) collected from different areas, different varieties of natural brown cotton, pigment extract on the HPLC map was studied, found that the pigment of natural brown cotton varieties were similar, but the content is different, more close to the fiber color difference is small, and the origin of the correlation the HPLC map is not obvious. The pigment of natural brown cotton varieties were similar, peak retention time of 7-20 min are basically the same, can be identified as the HPLC characteristic peak of the pigment of natural brown cotton. All varieties of natural brown cotton, light colored varieties of natural brown cotton HPLC was highly similar, there are 4 peaks with retention time were 1.4 min, 1.9 min, 2.5 min and 7-20 min. of the natural light brown cotton pigment aqueous extract to construct HPLC fingerprint highly correlated; however, the pigment extracts from dark brown and light brown cotton HPLC spectra large differences, the spectrum correlation is not high, not on the HPLC fingerprint of different varieties of brown cotton including dark brown and light brown, constructed to meet the needs. (3) brown cotton fiber by the sun, water, and high temperature scouring, HPLC peak pigment components of the area are reduced, but to a different degree, this shows that the stability of pigment components were different. The retention time of 1.4 min, 2.5 min, 2.7 min and 7-20 min component retention time is relatively stable, but the peak area decreased. Among them, 7-20 min components still can be used as a natural brown cotton ( Regardless of the sun, water, and high temperature scouring or not) the characteristic peak of HPLC. However, 1.9 min and 3.5 min component is not very stable, the peak area varies greatly and will gradually disappear. Brown cotton fiber after oxidization, the chromatographic peak of 2.5min components only exist the pigment extract figure HPLC shows that, after oxidation treatment changed the structure of most pigment extract, only 2.5 min components of the structure is stable, not easy to be oxidized. In addition, in the sun, water, high temperature, scouring the treated fiber is brown, but the color depth changed. However, the oxidized fiber completely fade, fibers are white, and the peak of the extracts in the HPLC graph of 7-20 min disappeared, that pigment group of the corresponding chromatographic peak points is the main component of brown cotton pigment, color of brown cotton fiber has played a major role. The sun, water, and high temperature scouring The HPLC Atlas of the brown pigment extracts of the treated brown cotton was very different, and the high correlation fingerprint of these samples could not be established.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TS102.211;O657.72

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