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  本文選題：銅系催化劑　切入點：表面活性劑　出處：《中國科學院研究生院(東北地理與農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)研究所)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著工業(yè)技術(shù)的發(fā)展和生產(chǎn)規(guī)模的擴大,我國新增的工業(yè)廢水量日益增多,其中有機印染廢水量占總廢水量的10%左右,每年大約有數(shù)億噸的印染廢水被排入我們周圍的水環(huán)境中。現(xiàn)階段印染廢水的處理方法主要有吸附法、電化學法、微生物法等。然而,以上方法均在一定程度上存在成本高、選擇性差、廣適性差、環(huán)境條件敏感等劣勢。而催化劑具有成本低、降解效率高等優(yōu)勢,被廣泛采用于有機染料污染的處理。尤其銅系催化劑,因具有環(huán)境友好、價格低廉、毒性低、配體簡單等優(yōu)點,受到科研人員的高度關(guān)注,應(yīng)用Cu鹽進行催化化學反應(yīng)目前是一個熱門領(lǐng)域。結(jié)合學科組在環(huán)境修復(fù)領(lǐng)域和新型材料領(lǐng)域的基礎(chǔ),擬開展用于治理染料污染的銅系催化劑材料的研究。作者合成了一系列經(jīng)過表面活性劑前處理的Cu_2(OH)PO_4催化劑,并將其用于催化降解亞甲基藍溶液。用該催化劑降解亞甲基藍,8 h后溶液中總有機碳下降至5%,且染料被完全礦化。實驗證明,經(jīng)復(fù)合表面活性劑(陰離子表面活性劑(SDBS)與中性表面活性劑(PVP)的共同作用)前處理的Cu_2(OH)PO_4催化劑具有更小的尺寸,更大的比表面積,更高催化效率。在銅的結(jié)晶過程中,溶液中銅離子與陰離子表面活性劑以及中性表面活性劑共同作用。帶正電的銅離子與帶負電的陰離子表面活性劑十二烷基苯磺酸鈉(SDBS)發(fā)生螯合作用,形成螯合銅離子,并在銅離子周圍形成分隔層。同時,中性表面活性劑聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)分散了溶液中的螯合銅離子。銅離子的分散使得Cu_2(OH)PO_4催化劑顆粒變小,表面溝壑增多,因此S@P-Cu_2(OH)PO_4的比表面積顯著增大,從而增加了催化劑與溶液中染料亞甲基藍的接觸面積,使得催化劑降解亞甲基藍效率顯著提高。同時,作者合成了新型光催化材料Cu_2MoS_4/RGO,并將其應(yīng)用于對染料的光催化降解。其最佳條件下的光催化反應(yīng)有較高的對亞甲基藍的降解效率。本論文的研究成果,揭示了兩種銅系催化劑的特性及催化降解有機污染物特性的差異,可為銅系催化劑法在污水處理中的應(yīng)用提供一定的理論指導(dǎo)。
[Abstract]:With the development of industrial technology and the expansion of production scale, the new industrial waste water in China is increasing day by day, among which organic printing and dyeing waste water accounts for about 10% of the total waste water. Hundreds of millions of tons of printing and dyeing wastewater are discharged into our surrounding water environment every year. At this stage, the main treatment methods of printing and dyeing wastewater are adsorption, electrochemistry, microorganism and so on. However, to some extent, these methods have high cost. Because of its advantages of low cost and high degradation efficiency, the catalyst is widely used in the treatment of organic dye pollution, especially copper catalyst, because of its environmental friendliness and low price. Due to the advantages of low toxicity and simple ligand, the application of Cu salt in catalytic chemical reaction is a hot field. A series of Cu_2(OH)PO_4 catalysts which have been pretreated by surfactants have been synthesized. It was used to catalyze the degradation of methylene blue solution. After 8 h degradation of methylene blue, the total organic carbon in the solution was reduced to 5%, and the dye was completely mineralized. The Cu_2(OH)PO_4 catalyst pretreated with composite surfactant (anionic surfactant SDBS and neutral surfactant) has smaller size, larger specific surface area and higher catalytic efficiency. In solution, copper ions interact with anionic surfactants and neutral surfactants. Copper ions with positive charge chelate with anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) with negative charge to form chelate copper ions. At the same time, neutral surfactant polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) dispersed the chelate copper ions in the solution. The dispersion of copper ions made the particles of Cu_2(OH)PO_4 catalyst smaller and the surface gullies increased. Therefore, the specific surface area of S@P-Cu_2(OH)PO_4 increased significantly, which increased the contact area between the catalyst and the dye methylene blue in the solution. A new photocatalytic material CuS _ 2MoS _ 4 / R _ (GOO) was synthesized and applied to photocatalytic degradation of dyes. The photocatalytic reaction under the optimum conditions has higher degradation efficiency of methylene blue. The differences of the characteristics of the two kinds of copper catalysts and the catalytic degradation of organic pollutants are revealed, which can provide some theoretical guidance for the application of copper catalyst in wastewater treatment.
【學位授予單位】：中國科學院研究生院(東北地理與農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)研究所)
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：X791;O643.3
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本文編號：1659568