本文關鍵詞： 石墨烯量子點 氮化硼量子點 二硫化鉬量子點 細胞成像　出處：《青島大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：在本文中我們合成并研究了三種新型石墨烯及類石墨烯量子點,一種是基于堿性乙醇電解液的電化學氧化石墨電極法制備石墨烯量子點,一種是采用超聲加溶劑熱的方法用三種不同的有機溶劑將塊狀氮化硼變?yōu)榈鹆孔狱c,一種是以硫化鈉和氯化鉬為前驅體,在溶劑熱下得到了二硫化鉬量子點。石墨電極在堿性乙醇溶液中發(fā)生電化學氧化,產(chǎn)生石墨烯量子點,生成的石墨烯量子點的平均直徑是4.0±0.2 nm,并且具有很好的結晶性,反應后的石墨烯量子點的分散液為無色,但在室溫下保存時分散液會由無色逐漸變成亮黃色。根據(jù)高分辨透射電鏡(HRTEM)、紫外-可見光(UV-Vis)吸收光譜、傅里葉變換紅外光譜(FTIR)、X射線光電子能譜(XPS)及熒光光譜,我們對石墨烯量子點的顏色變化進行了分析和解釋,即由于隨著時間的推移,表面官能團的氧化。此外,生成的石墨烯量子點可用于三價鐵離子的特異性檢測,最低檢測線為1.8μM(S/N=3);同時,我們也證明了自來水中鐵離子的檢測可用此量子點進行�；谄涞投拘院蛢�(yōu)良的生物相容性,所制備的石墨烯量子點被成功應用于細胞成像研究。采用超聲加溶劑熱的方法用不同的有機溶劑(乙醇,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,1-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮),采用乙醇和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺作溶劑,得到的氮化硼量子點在紫外燈照射下發(fā)出很亮的藍色光,而采用1-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮作溶劑,得到的氮化硼量子點在紫外燈照射下呈現(xiàn)綠光。采用這三種溶劑得到的氮化硼量子點的熒光產(chǎn)率和直徑分別為12.6%與4.1±0.2 nm,16.4%與2.8±0.3 nm,以及21.3%與2.0±0.2 nm;我們發(fā)現(xiàn)得到的量子點的熒光產(chǎn)率、平均直徑和光學性質與所用溶劑的極性有很大的關系。此外,得到的這三種不同的氮化硼量子點具有廣泛的用途,例如當作為熒光傳感器檢測金屬離子時發(fā)綠光的量子點能夠更好地用于三價鐵離子的檢測;而用乙醇作溶劑得到的發(fā)藍光的量子點更適合用于細胞成像和纖維染色研究。更重要的是,我們第一次發(fā)現(xiàn)并研究了氮化硼量子點的電化學發(fā)光情況,其共反應劑為L-半胱氨酸;我們也提出了氮化硼量子點發(fā)光可能的機理。以硫化鈉和氯化鉬為前驅體,采用溶劑熱方法合成了二硫化鉬量子點。制備出的二硫化鉬量子點的平均直徑為1.8±0.2 nm,具有光穩(wěn)定性,低毒性并且在365 nm紫外燈下發(fā)出很亮的藍色光。我們提出了合成二硫化鉬量子點的可能的機理并給予了系統(tǒng)的研究。此外,基于其低毒性和良好的生物相容性,它們被成功的應用于細胞成像的研究。
[Abstract]:In this paper, we have synthesized and studied three new graphene and graphene like quantum dots. One is electrochemical oxidation graphite electrode method based on alkaline ethanol electrolyte to prepare graphene quantum dots. One is to convert boron nitride into boron nitride quantum dots in three different organic solvents by ultrasonic and solvothermal method, and the other is to use sodium sulfide and molybdenum chloride as precursors. Molybdenum disulfide quantum dots were obtained by solvothermal method. The graphite electrode was electrochemical oxidized in alkaline ethanol solution to produce graphene quantum dots. The average diameter of the resulting graphene quantum dots was 4.0 鹵0.2 nm and had good crystallinity. The dispersions of graphene quantum dots after reaction are colorless, but when stored at room temperature, the dispersions change from colorless to bright yellow. According to the high resolution transmission electron microscope (TEM) HRTEMN, UV-Vis-UV absorption spectra, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and fluorescence spectra, we have analyzed and explained the color changes of graphene quantum dots, that is, the oxidation of surface functional groups over time. The resulting graphene quantum dots can be used for the specific detection of trivalent iron ions, with a minimum detection line of 1.8 渭 m ~ (-1) S / N ~ (3 +). At the same time, we have also demonstrated that the detection of iron ions in tap water can be carried out by this quantum dot, based on its low toxicity and excellent biocompatibility. The prepared graphene quantum dots have been successfully used in cell imaging. Different organic solvents (ethanol, N-dimethylformamide, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone), ethanol and N-dimethylformamide were used as solvents. The resulting boron nitride quantum dots emit very bright blue light under the irradiation of an ultraviolet lamp, while 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone is used as solvent. The fluorescence yields and diameters of boron nitride quantum dots obtained by using these three solvents were 12.6% and 4.1 鹵0.2nmg ~ (16)% and 2.8 鹵0.3nm, respectively, and 21.3% and 2.0 鹵0.2nm ~ (-1) respectively. We found that the fluorescence yield of the quantum dots was 21.3% 鹵0.2nm. The average diameters and optical properties are greatly related to the polarity of the solvents used. In addition, the three different boron nitride quantum dots have a wide range of applications. For example, quantum dots that emit green light when detecting metal ions as fluorescence sensors can be better used in the detection of trivalent iron ions. However, the blue-emitting quantum dots with ethanol as solvent are more suitable for cell imaging and fiber dyeing. More importantly, we first discovered and studied the electrochemical luminescence of boron nitride quantum dots. The possible luminescence mechanism of boron nitride quantum dots was also proposed. Sodium sulphide and molybdenum chloride were used as precursors. Molybdenum disulfide quantum dots were synthesized by solvothermal method. The average diameter of the prepared quantum dots is 1.8 鹵0.2 nm. The mechanism of synthesis of molybdenum disulfide quantum dots has been proposed and systematically studied. In addition, due to its low toxicity and good biocompatibility, They have been successfully applied to the study of cell imaging.
【學位授予單位】：青島大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB383.1;O613.71

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本文編號：1512650