發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-15 20:05

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：納米結(jié)構(gòu)化多孔鈦的光催化性能　出處：《西南交通大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 多孔鈦 納米管薄膜 光催化 有機(jī)染料 重金屬鉻

【摘要】：隨著水污染的日益加重,對(duì)工業(yè)廢水的治理已經(jīng)成為人們?nèi)找骊P(guān)注的一個(gè)重大問題。污水中各種有機(jī)染料、重金屬離子等結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜、毒性高、難分解,對(duì)生態(tài)環(huán)境和人類生存都構(gòu)成了極大的威脅。目前除了適應(yīng)范圍窄且降解作用弱的物理、生化等治理方法,借助二氧化鈦尤其是納米級(jí)別的Ti02等半導(dǎo)體進(jìn)行降解的光催化技術(shù)作為一種新興的化學(xué)環(huán)保技術(shù),因?yàn)槠淠艹浞掷霉庹召Y源將污染物分解成無毒或毒性較低的物質(zhì)在水質(zhì)治理中得到廣泛應(yīng)用。然而隨著進(jìn)一步研究發(fā)現(xiàn),納米Ti02雖具有較好的光催化能力,但光響應(yīng)范圍較窄,降解速率緩慢。本研究旨在利用不同方式合成高孔隙率的多孔鈦,并以此為基底制備Ti02納米薄膜,探究該材料對(duì)水體中常見的有機(jī)染料和重金屬鉻的光催化和吸附性能,為水體中有機(jī)和無機(jī)污染物的降解提供一種環(huán)保高效的新材料,在環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)和污水治理領(lǐng)域有很大潛力。全文主要包括如下幾個(gè)方面的內(nèi)容和結(jié)果：①通過添加造孔劑法、泡沫浸漬法和漿料發(fā)泡法三種不同的方法制備的多孔鈦都具有獨(dú)特的孔隙結(jié)構(gòu),其孔隙率和開孔隙率都高達(dá)80%以上,具有雙峰孔結(jié)構(gòu),大孔孔徑大小為100-500μm之間,小孔孔徑幾十微米。通過電化學(xué)陽(yáng)極氧化法的HF/H3PO4體系,氧化電壓為20V,氧化時(shí)間為1h,在三種多孔鈦表面均制備了一層管徑為100nm左右的Ti02納米管薄膜,納米管的生成不受多孔鈦孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)的影響,均勻的覆蓋在多孔鈦的表面,其垂直于多孔鈦表面生長(zhǎng)。通過不同溫度的熱處理,改變了樣品表面薄膜的晶型結(jié)構(gòu),制得表面分別為銳鈦礦、金紅石、以及其混晶結(jié)構(gòu)的樣品；②以納米結(jié)構(gòu)化的多孔鈦試樣作為光催化劑,考察了光催化劑對(duì)幾種典型有機(jī)染料的降解效果,三種不同試樣降解能力發(fā)泡法造孔劑法純鈦基底浸漬法,其中發(fā)泡法試樣2h降解速率達(dá)到45%：光催化降解過程中氧化能力來自于羥基自由基,產(chǎn)生的羥基自由基越多,其反應(yīng)速率越大；考察了不同晶型對(duì)甲基橙的降解能力的差異,結(jié)果表明銳鈦礦和金紅石混合晶型光催化活性最強(qiáng)；還對(duì)試樣降解三種不同染料的能力進(jìn)行了探究,發(fā)現(xiàn)pH影響較大,其中在酸性條件下甲基橙降解的效率要明顯高于苯酚,堿性條件下羅丹明B的降解效果則優(yōu)于甲基橙；將多孔鈦試樣多次重復(fù)利用對(duì)甲基橙溶液進(jìn)行降解,表現(xiàn)出試樣良好的重復(fù)利用性能；最后暗吸附過程中試樣對(duì)甲基橙的吸附性能實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)一步證實(shí)光催化效果受催化劑對(duì)染料分子的吸附能力的影響；③考察了多孔鈦試樣對(duì)Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附性能和光催化還原性能,對(duì)各種影響因素進(jìn)行了探討,納米結(jié)構(gòu)化多孔鈦對(duì)Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附能力受pH和溶液初始濃度影響較大,初始濃度為300mg/L,pH=3的條件下吸附量最大,3h達(dá)到吸附平衡,吸附量達(dá)到21mg/g；光照條件下,多孔鈦對(duì)Cr(Ⅵ)有良好的催化還原性能,其降解能力受其吸附性能的影響,在初始濃度為500mg/L, pH=3時(shí)具有良好的降解效果,2h降解率可達(dá)78%,通過延長(zhǎng)時(shí)間可以將Cr(Ⅵ)百分百還原為Cr(Ⅲ)。
[Abstract]:With the deterioration of water pollution, treatment of industrial wastewater has become a major issue of increasing concern to the people. All kinds of organic dyes in wastewater, heavy metal ions such as complex structure, high toxicity, difficult to decompose, will constitute a serious threat to the ecological environment and human survival. In addition to narrow and weak physical degradation the biochemical treatment method, especially with TiO2 photocatalytic technology of nanometer level Ti02 semiconductor degradation as a new chemical environmental protection technology, because it can make full use of light pollution resources will be decomposed into non-toxic or low toxic substances are widely used in water treatment. However, with the further the study found that nano Ti02 has better photocatalytic ability, but the light response range is narrow, the degradation rate is slow. The purpose of this study is to synthesize high porosity by different ways Porous titanium, and as a Ti02 nano film fabricated, explore the photocatalytic and adsorption of organic dyes and heavy metal chromium in water of the common material, provide a new material for environmental protection and efficient degradation of organic and inorganic pollutants in water, in environmental monitoring and sewage treatment field has great potential. The main content includes the following aspects: 1, and the results by adding pore forming agent, porous titanium prepared by three different methods of foam impregnation and slurry foaming has unique pore structure, porosity and porosity are as high as 80%, Shuangfeng has the pore structure, pore size is between the size of 100-500 m, the pore diameter of tens of micrometers. The electrochemical anodic oxidation of the HF/H3PO4 system, the oxidation voltage is 20V, oxidation time is 1H, in the three kinds of porous titanium were prepared with a layer of pipe diameter is about 100nm Ti02 Nanotube films, nanotube formation is not affected by the pore structure of the porous titanium surface, uniformly covered with porous titanium, which is perpendicular to the porous titanium surface growth. Through the different heat treatment temperature, change the crystal structure of the sample surface films, prepared surface were anatase, rutile, and mixed the crystal structure of the porous titanium samples; nano structured as photocatalyst, the photocatalytic effect of several typical organic dye degradation was investigated, three kinds of specimens with different degradation ability of foaming pore forming process of pure titanium substrate impregnation method, the foaming method of sample 2H degradation rate of 45%: the oxidation capacity of photocatalytic degradation in the process from the hydroxyl radicals, hydroxyl radicals generated more, the reaction rate is higher; examines the difference of degradation ability of different crystal type of methyl orange, the Octavia anatase and rutile mixed crystal Photocatalytic activity was the strongest; the sample degradation of three kinds of dye ability of inquiry, found that pH affected the efficiency of methyl orange under acidic conditions was higher than that of phenol degradation, the effect of degradation of rhodamine B under alkaline condition is better than that of methyl orange; the porous titanium samples repeatedly used for degradation of methyl orange solution. Show the good performance of sample reuse; finally the dark adsorption experiment, adsorption properties of samples of methyl orange photocatalytic effect was further confirmed by the catalyst of dye molecules adsorption capacity were investigated; the porous titanium samples of Cr (VI) adsorption performance and photocatalytic reduction performance, the influence factors are discussed, nano structured porous titanium Cr (VI) on the adsorption capacity of pH and the initial concentration of the solution affected the initial concentration of 300mg/L, the adsorption capacity under the condition of pH=3 The largest, 3h to reach adsorption equilibrium adsorption capacity can reach 21mg/g; light conditions, porous titanium on Cr (VI) have good catalytic reduction performance, affecting its degradation ability by its adsorption performance, the initial concentration of 500mg/L, pH=3 has good degradation effect, the degradation rate of 2H can reach 78%, by extending the time can be Cr (VI) 100% reduction of Cr (III).

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：X703;O643.3

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 羅麗娟;余森;于振濤;劉春潮;韓建業(yè);牛金龍;;3D打印鈦合金人體植入物的應(yīng)用與研究[J];鈦工業(yè)進(jìn)展;2015年05期

2 李伯瓊;李志強(qiáng);陸興;;燒結(jié)工藝對(duì)添加造孔劑制備多孔鈦性能的影響（英文）[J];Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China;2015年09期

3 李洋;陳長(zhǎng)軍;王曉南;張超;張敏;;生物醫(yī)用多孔鈦及鈦合金的研究進(jìn)展[J];現(xiàn)代制造工程;2015年07期

4 肖健;邱貴寶;廖益龍;白晨光;;尿素作為造孔劑制備泡沫鈦的結(jié)構(gòu)和力學(xué)性能[J];稀有金屬材料與工程;2015年07期

5 趙冰凈;胡敏;;用于3D打印的醫(yī)用金屬研究現(xiàn)狀[J];口腔頜面修復(fù)學(xué)雜志;2015年01期

6 張銘君;劉培生;;泡沫鈦的制備和性能研究進(jìn)展[J];金屬功能材料;2014年04期

7 胡中蕓;楊東輝;李軍;陳建清;江靜華;馬愛斌;;泡沫鎂的制備及其性能和應(yīng)用[J];材料導(dǎo)報(bào);2014年01期

8 楊坤;王建;劉杰;湯慧萍;楊保軍;李亞寧;;造粒松裝燒結(jié)法制備雙峰孔結(jié)構(gòu)的多孔鈦及力學(xué)性能研究(英文)[J];稀有金屬材料與工程;2013年S2期

9 趙紅梅;付欣;賀勇;張全孝;賈萬明;蘇繼紅;;松裝燒結(jié)法制備多孔銅[J];兵器材料科學(xué)與工程;2013年06期

10 劉存海;喻瑩;;低溫法制備二氧化鈦薄膜及其光催化氧化處理電鍍含鉻廢水[J];電鍍與涂飾;2012年03期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 范興平;生物活性梯度多孔鈦的制備及生物學(xué)評(píng)價(jià)[D];西南交通大學(xué);2012年

2 陳躍軍;三維分級(jí)多孔鈦植入體的制備及性能研究[D];西南交通大學(xué);2009年

3 鄒鶉?guó)Q;鈦絲燒結(jié)制備醫(yī)用多孔鈦及其表面Si-HA生物活化[D];哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué);2008年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 張力;多孔鈦制備方法及結(jié)構(gòu)性能影響因素研究[D];西南交通大學(xué);2013年

2 崔強(qiáng);形貌與結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)TiO_2納米管光催化性能和抗菌性能的影響[D];西南交通大學(xué);2010年

3 王波;煅燒溫度對(duì)二氧化鈦納米管陣列形貌和光催化性能的影響[D];武漢理工大學(xué);2010年

，

本文編號(hào)：1429845