本文關(guān)鍵詞：羊毛角蛋白的提取及其應(yīng)用　出處：《東華大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 角蛋白 羊毛 氧化還原法 防氈縮 復(fù)合生物膜

【摘要】：我國(guó)羊毛資源豐富,是毛紡業(yè)大國(guó),每年都有大量羊毛纖維廢棄。廢棄羊毛中角蛋白含量豐富,純度相對(duì)較高,是一種實(shí)用價(jià)值很高的角蛋白資源。實(shí)現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)變的方式就是將廢棄羊毛解聚,提取角蛋白并使其再生利用。 角蛋白的提取已經(jīng)有很多文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道,但是角蛋白提取的分子量分布、分子量大小、提取率的控制不很容易,而這些數(shù)值對(duì)于角蛋白的應(yīng)用至關(guān)重要。因此角蛋白提取方法的工作還在摸索中,是當(dāng)前角蛋白領(lǐng)域的一個(gè)研究熱點(diǎn)。 首先,本課題參照還原C法(在還原劑溶液中加入十二烷基硫酸鈉的方法)提取角蛋白的方法,比較焦亞硫酸鈉和亞硫酸氫鈉分別作為還原劑時(shí)羊毛溶解率的高低(有文獻(xiàn)介紹焦亞硫酸鈉也可用于溶解羊毛)。然后在前人工作的基礎(chǔ)上,將化學(xué)提取法中的氧化法和還原法結(jié)合起來,采用先氧化、再還原的提取方法,探索分子量分布集中和分子量分布在50kDa以上的角蛋白提取新途徑。由于實(shí)驗(yàn)中測(cè)定羊毛溶解率時(shí)的誤差較大,所以本論文通過做單因素實(shí)驗(yàn)探討不同因素對(duì)羊毛溶解率的影響,確定氧化—還原兩浴兩步法提取角蛋白的工藝條件,以獲得較高的羊毛溶解率。然后通過凝膠電泳、傅立葉紅外光譜(FTIR)、X射線衍射圖譜(XRD)和熱重分析(TGA)等分析測(cè)試技術(shù),對(duì)角蛋白的性能進(jìn)行了表征和分析。 然后,將提取的角蛋白溶液直接用于羊毛防氈縮整理,溶液中的殘留的還原劑成分也能起到一定的防縮效果。分析了各種因素(角蛋白溶液用量,時(shí)間,溫度,pH)對(duì)角蛋白提取液在羊毛織物防氈縮效果上的影響,測(cè)定了不同工藝下織物的氈縮率,最終確定防氈縮整理的工藝條件。整理后,發(fā)現(xiàn)織物的防氈縮性能得到提高,對(duì)整理前、后的織物進(jìn)行了物理機(jī)械性能和白度測(cè)試。測(cè)試結(jié)果表明：整理織物的斷裂強(qiáng)力幾乎沒有損失,白度略有上升。 同時(shí),為了拓展角蛋白的應(yīng)用性,將提取出的角蛋白按照一定的方法制得角蛋白生物膜,為了改進(jìn)角蛋白膜的應(yīng)用性能,將殼聚糖按不同比例加入角蛋白中,可制得具有一定機(jī)械強(qiáng)度的復(fù)合生物膜。然后通過傅立葉紅外光譜(FTIR)、X射線衍射圖譜(XRD)、掃描電鏡(SEM),熱重分析(TGA)測(cè)試技術(shù),對(duì)復(fù)合生物膜的性能進(jìn)行表征和分析。對(duì)生物膜進(jìn)行接觸角和強(qiáng)力測(cè)試發(fā)現(xiàn),斷裂強(qiáng)度隨著殼聚糖含量增加而增大,但其親水性隨之降低。
[Abstract]:China is rich in wool resources, is a big country in wool spinning industry, there are a large number of wool fiber waste every year. The content of keratin in waste wool is rich, and the purity of waste wool is relatively high. It is a kind of high practical value keratin resource. The way to realize the transformation is to depolymerize waste wool, extract keratin and make it regenerate. The extraction of keratin has been reported in many literatures, but it is not easy to control the molecular weight distribution, molecular weight size and extraction rate of keratin extraction. These values are very important for the application of keratin, so the research of keratin extraction is still in progress, and it is a hotspot in the field of keratin. Firstly, the method of extracting keratin by reducing C method (adding 12 alkyl sodium sulfate in reductant solution) was studied in this paper. The dissolving rate of wool was compared when sodium pyrosulfite and sodium bisulfite were used as reducing agents respectively. The oxidation method and the reduction method were combined in the chemical extraction method, and the extraction method was first oxidized and then reduced. A new way of extracting keratin with concentrated molecular weight distribution and molecular weight distribution above 50kDa was explored. Therefore, this paper studied the influence of different factors on wool solubility by single factor experiment, and determined the process conditions of two-bath redox two-step extraction of keratin. In order to obtain the higher solubility of wool, the gel electrophoresis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to analyze and test the wool. The properties of keratin were characterized and analyzed. Then, the extracted keratin solution was directly used in wool anti-felting finishing, and the residual reducing agent components in the solution could also play a certain anti-shrinkage effect. Various factors (amount of keratin solution, time) were analyzed. The effect of temperature and pH on the effect of keratin extract on the anti-felting effect of wool fabric was studied. The felt shrinkage rate of wool fabric under different processing conditions was determined and the finishing conditions were determined. It was found that the anti-felting property of the fabric was improved, and the physical, mechanical properties and whiteness of the fabric were tested before and after finishing. The breaking strength of the finished fabric has almost no loss and the whiteness has increased slightly. At the same time, in order to expand the application of keratin, keratin biofilm was prepared according to a certain method. In order to improve the performance of keratin membrane, chitosan was added into keratin in different proportion. The composite biofilm with certain mechanical strength can be prepared. Then the X-ray diffraction spectra of FTIR and SEM are used to prepare the composite biofilm. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) technique was used to characterize and analyze the properties of the composite biofilm. The contact angle and strength of the biofilm were measured and it was found that the fracture strength increased with the increase of chitosan content. However, its hydrophilicity decreased.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：TS195.56

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