【摘要】：毛皮染色廢水是一種高鹽度、難降解、高污染的工業(yè)廢水,傳統(tǒng)生化法對(duì)這一類廢水的處理效果很不理想。本論文主要研究了一些生化處理工藝對(duì)毛皮染色廢水的處理,并在此基礎(chǔ)上采用生物強(qiáng)化法深入探究毛皮染色廢水生化處理所能達(dá)到的極限值,同時(shí)研究了在廢水處理過(guò)程中對(duì)活性污泥中微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)的影響,描述微生物群落的演替過(guò)程。本研究首先采用三種不同廢水處理工藝在相似操作運(yùn)行參數(shù)下對(duì)毛皮染色廢水進(jìn)行處理,并利用T-RFLP技術(shù)觀察不同處理工藝下活性污泥中細(xì)菌群落的多樣性及群落結(jié)構(gòu)的變化。結(jié)果表明,在四種處理工藝中,HA-SBR法效果最好,其CODCr、BOD5及NH4+-N的去除率分別可以達(dá)到92.75%、94%和93.59%。T-RFLP分析表明,變形桿菌門(Proteobacteria)、厚壁菌門(Firmicutes)及擬桿菌門(Bacteroidetes)是活性污泥中的優(yōu)勢(shì)種群,但不同處理工藝下所占比例明顯不同�；钚晕勰嘀谐Ｒ姷娜缂賳伟鷮�(Pseudomonas)和芽孢桿菌屬(Bacillus)能有效的生存并對(duì)廢水的處理起到積極的作用。黃桿菌屬能夠耐受這種高鹽度的毛皮染色廢水并良好生長(zhǎng)。不同處理工藝下微生物群落多樣性同NH4+-N濃度關(guān)系最為密切。本論文還使用兩種生物強(qiáng)化的方法對(duì)毛皮染色廢水進(jìn)行處理工藝研究。首先,本論文發(fā)現(xiàn)在常規(guī)活性污泥法的基礎(chǔ)上,向活性污泥中添加營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)、改變活性污泥中碳氮比能夠增加活性污泥中微生物的數(shù)量并改變活性污泥的微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu),從而可以促進(jìn)活性污泥對(duì)廢水的處理效果。結(jié)果表明,C/N=5:1時(shí)CODCr去除效果最好,其對(duì)廢水CODCr的去除率達(dá)90%左右,遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)優(yōu)于常規(guī)的活性污泥法,此時(shí)活性污泥的脫氫酶濃度及EPS的分析也驗(yàn)證了這一點(diǎn),即脫氫酶濃度及EPS中蛋白質(zhì)的含量越高,多糖含量越低,廢水處理效果越好。其次,本論文嘗試微生物菌劑直投及菌劑強(qiáng)化活性污泥的方法對(duì)廢水進(jìn)行處理,通過(guò)設(shè)計(jì)正交試驗(yàn),在菌液投加量為5%(V/V)、0h一次投加、外加營(yíng)養(yǎng)物C/N為5:1、進(jìn)水p H為5的條件下,CODCr去除率可以達(dá)90%以上,這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果是遠(yuǎn)高于常規(guī)的活性污泥法的。同時(shí),對(duì)出水中微生物進(jìn)行分離培養(yǎng),結(jié)果顯示主要菌種仍為復(fù)合菌劑組成菌株,說(shuō)明本研究所制備復(fù)合菌劑在處理毛皮染色污水時(shí)具備穩(wěn)定性。通過(guò)T-RFLP分析可知,兩種方法均能能夠有效增加假單胞菌屬和芽孢桿菌屬所占比例,而這兩種細(xì)菌能夠有效的利用廢水中的難降解有機(jī)物而生長(zhǎng),從而對(duì)廢水處理起到積極作用。
[Abstract]:Fur dyeing wastewater is a kind of industrial wastewater with high salinity, refractory degradation and high pollution. The traditional biochemical method is not ideal for the treatment of this kind of wastewater. In this paper, the treatment of fur dyeing wastewater by some biochemical treatment processes was studied, and on this basis, the limit value of biochemical treatment of fur dyeing wastewater was deeply explored by biological strengthening method. At the same time, the effect of wastewater treatment on the structure of microbial community in activated sludge was studied, and the succession process of microbial community was described. In this study, three different wastewater treatment processes were used to treat fur dyeing wastewater under similar operation parameters. T-RFLP technique was used to observe the diversity and community structure of bacterial community in activated sludge under different treatment processes. The results showed that among the four treatment processes, HA-SBR method had the best effect, and the removal rates of CODCr,BOD5 and NH4-N could reach 92.75% respectively. 94% and 93.59%.T-RFLP analysis showed that Proteus (Proteobacteria), was the best method. (Firmicutes) and (Bacteroidetes) are the dominant populations in activated sludge, but the proportion is obviously different under different treatment processes. The common activated sludge, such as Pseudomonas (Pseudomonas) and Bacillus (Bacillus), can survive effectively and play an active role in the treatment of wastewater. Flavobacillus can tolerate this high salinity fur dyeing wastewater and grow well. The diversity of microbial community was most closely related to the concentration of NH4-N under different treatment conditions. In this paper, two biological strengthening methods were also used to treat fur dyeing wastewater. First of all, on the basis of conventional activated sludge method, it is found that adding nutrients to activated sludge and changing the ratio of carbon to nitrogen in activated sludge can increase the number of microorganisms in activated sludge and change the microbial community structure of activated sludge. Thus, the treatment effect of activated sludge on wastewater can be promoted. The results showed that the removal effect of CODCr was the best in C/N=5:1, and the removal rate of CODCr in wastewater was about 90%, which was much better than that of conventional activated sludge process. The dehydrogenase concentration of activated sludge and the analysis of EPS also verified this. That is, the higher the concentration of dehydrogenase and the content of protein in EPS, the lower the content of polysaccharide, the better the effect of wastewater treatment. Secondly, this paper tries to treat the wastewater by direct injection of microbial agents and enhanced activated sludge. Through orthogonal test, the dosage of bacteria solution is 5% (V 鈮，

本文編號(hào)：2497157