【摘要】：廢催化劑復(fù)活過(guò)程中會(huì)產(chǎn)生大量的含重金屬離子酸性廢水,其中含有鋁元素最多。本文以廢催化劑復(fù)活廢水為研究對(duì)象,采用化學(xué)沉淀-離子交換法處理廢水中的鋁離子。首先,對(duì)廢催化劑復(fù)活廢水進(jìn)行水質(zhì)分析,包括鐵、鎳、釩、銅、鋁離子的濃度,廢水的SS、COD、pH和有機(jī)酸根離子等。廢水中的鋁離子主要以絡(luò)合狀態(tài)存在選用以碳酸氫根沉淀劑或以不同堿性化學(xué)沉淀劑處理廢催化劑復(fù)活廢水。其次,研究了以碳酸氫根為沉淀劑處理廢水的最佳工藝條件,確定最佳的反應(yīng)條件為:廢水初始pH值為11,反應(yīng)溫度為45℃,n(NaHCO~3):n(Al)=10:1,水浴時(shí)間為4 h,陳化時(shí)間為60 h,廢水中鋁的去除率可以達(dá)到96%以上。再次,研究了以不同堿性化學(xué)沉淀劑處理廢水的最佳工藝條件,確定最佳的反應(yīng)條件為:第一類廢水性質(zhì)比較穩(wěn)定,選用堿性較強(qiáng)的氫氧化鉀作pH調(diào)節(jié)劑,得到最佳的反應(yīng)條件為反應(yīng)溫度45℃,廢水A、B液的體積比100:8,用氫氧化鉀將B液pH值調(diào)為10,沉降時(shí)間6小時(shí);而第二類廢水選用氨水作為pH調(diào)節(jié)劑,得到最佳的反應(yīng)條件為反應(yīng)溫度45℃,廢水A、B液的體積比100:20,用氨水將B液pH值調(diào)為10,沉降時(shí)間6小時(shí)。為了達(dá)到回收利用廢水的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),使用離子交換法處理廢催化劑復(fù)活廢水中的低濃度重金屬離子,考察了離子交換工藝的影響因素。通過(guò)靜態(tài)實(shí)驗(yàn)和動(dòng)態(tài)實(shí)驗(yàn),確定最佳工藝條件:選用型號(hào)001*7型樹(shù)脂,廢水流速為1L/h,高徑比為3時(shí),離子交換效果最好,鋁元素的去除率可以達(dá)到99%以上。洗脫過(guò)程操作條件優(yōu)化:以鹽酸為洗脫液,鹽酸濃度為4%,洗脫流速定為0.5 L/h,洗脫效果最好。連續(xù)穩(wěn)定性實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明離子交換樹(shù)脂的穩(wěn)定性能良好,可多次重復(fù)使用。最后,根據(jù)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果設(shè)計(jì)出廢水處理工藝流程,并放大500倍進(jìn)行了小中試試驗(yàn)研究,結(jié)果表明,廢水中的鋁去除率可以達(dá)到99%以上,而且處理前后廢水中有機(jī)酸損失量很小,為實(shí)現(xiàn)企業(yè)廢水回用打下了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:A large amount of acid wastewater containing heavy metal ions will be produced during the resurrection of waste catalyst, among which aluminum is the most. In this paper, a chemical precipitation-ion exchange method was used to treat aluminum ions in wastewater. Firstly, the water quality of the wastewater was analyzed, including the concentration of iron, nickel, vanadium, copper, aluminum ions, SS,COD,pH and organic acid ions. The aluminum ions in the wastewater mainly exist in the complexation state. The reactivation wastewater of waste catalyst is treated with bicarbonate precipitator or different alkaline chemical precipitators. Secondly, the optimum process conditions of wastewater treatment with bicarbonate as precipitant were studied. The optimum reaction conditions were determined as follows: the initial pH value of wastewater was 11, the reaction temperature was 45 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2365762