碳纖維表面性能與好氧生物膜關(guān)聯(lián)性研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-10 11:36
【摘要】：目前我國(guó)水資源短缺與水污染問題并存,地表水污染情況依舊嚴(yán)峻,保護(hù)水資源、改善水環(huán)境,提高水處理效率刻不容緩。市政污水多處于微污染狀態(tài),為貧營(yíng)養(yǎng)環(huán)境,致使許多工程上常用的生物膜載體出現(xiàn)微生物活性降低、水處理能力下降的問題。因此,急需探尋、研制一種高效穩(wěn)定的生物膜載體材料。碳纖維具有生物相容性及柔韌性,具備作為生物膜載體的條件,但碳纖維表面光滑、親水性差,不利于生物膜的掛膜。為使碳纖維成為具有高效性、穩(wěn)定性的優(yōu)良生物膜載體材料,可對(duì)碳纖維進(jìn)行表面改性。本論文主要通過XPS、靜態(tài)接觸角等測(cè)試手段,分析了碳纖維表面元素種類、親水性等對(duì)好氧生物膜的影響,以及碳纖維生物膜載體在貧營(yíng)養(yǎng)水體中的水質(zhì)凈化能力,探索了碳纖維生物膜掛膜機(jī)理。為碳纖維生物膜載體材料的改性方向提供理論依據(jù),并驗(yàn)證了其應(yīng)用于市政污染水中的可能性。本論文還首次利用有機(jī)鐵對(duì)碳纖維進(jìn)行表面改性,制備出性能優(yōu)良的碳纖維生物膜載體材料。研究表明：以工程中常用的聚丙烯纖維(PPF)為對(duì)比,碳纖維載體生物膜系統(tǒng)的COD、氨氮去除率高達(dá)97.3%、92.0%,較PPF載體分別提高1.4%、6.6%。在貧營(yíng)養(yǎng)水體中,PPF生物膜系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)COD、氨氮去除率下降的現(xiàn)象,而碳纖維載體的COD、氨氮去除率不降反升,較PPF載體分別提高11.9%、5.6%。碳纖維還具有較好的抗微生物損耗能力,重復(fù)使用率高,可應(yīng)用于市政污水處理中。碳纖維表面含氮量對(duì)生物膜有一定影響,表面含氮量高的碳纖維載體生物膜系統(tǒng)的COD、氨氮去除率較高,穩(wěn)定性好,特別對(duì)脫氮性能有明顯的促進(jìn)作用；碳纖維表面氮含量的不同對(duì)生物膜系統(tǒng)的除磷性能影響不大。采用草酸亞鐵、檸檬酸鐵對(duì)碳纖維進(jìn)行表面改性,有機(jī)鐵改性后碳纖維表面的粗糙程度顯著提高,親水性得到極大改善,載體生物膜量大大提高,分別是未改性碳纖維載體的3.3倍、3.2倍,COD、氨氮、TP的平均去除率顯著提高,分別為97%、96%、97%,94%、93%、95%；在貧營(yíng)養(yǎng)水體中,出水COD值分別在11mg/L、12mg/L左右,遠(yuǎn)低于國(guó)標(biāo)GB 18918-2002一級(jí)A排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn),均符合地表水環(huán)境質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GB3838-2002中的Ⅰ類。其中草酸亞鐵改性碳纖維載體表現(xiàn)出優(yōu)異的脫氮性能,檸檬酸鐵改性碳纖維載體具有較好的除磷性能。
[Abstract]:At present, water shortage and water pollution coexist in our country, and surface water pollution is still serious. It is urgent to protect water resources, improve water environment and improve water treatment efficiency. The municipal sewage is mostly in the condition of micro-pollution, which is poor nutrition environment, which leads to the problem that the microbial activity and the water treatment ability of many commonly used biofilm carriers are decreased. Therefore, it is urgent to explore and develop an efficient and stable biofilm carrier material. Carbon fiber has biocompatibility and flexibility, and is suitable for biofilm carrier, but the surface of carbon fiber is smooth and hydrophilicity is poor, which is not good for biofilm suspension. In order to make carbon fiber become an excellent biofilm carrier material with high efficiency and stability, the surface of carbon fiber can be modified. In this paper, the effects of surface elements and hydrophilicity of carbon fiber on aerobic biofilm were analyzed by means of XPS, static contact angle, and the water quality purification ability of carbon fiber biofilm carrier in poor nutrient water was also analyzed. The mechanism of carbon fiber biofilm suspension was explored. It provides a theoretical basis for the modification of carbon fiber biofilm carrier and verifies the possibility of its application in municipal polluted water. In this paper, carbon fiber surface was modified by organic iron for the first time, and carbon fiber biofilm carrier material with excellent properties was prepared. The results show that the removal rate of COD, ammonia nitrogen in the biofilm system of carbon fiber carrier is as high as 97.32.0, which is 1.4% higher than that of PPF carrier. The COD, ammonia nitrogen removal rate decreased in the biofilm system of poor nutrient water, while the COD, ammonia nitrogen removal rate of carbon fiber carrier increased by 11.5% and 5.6% as compared with that of PPF carrier. Carbon fiber can also be used in municipal wastewater treatment because of its good resistance to microbial wastage and high reuse rate. Carbon fiber surface nitrogen content has a certain effect on the biofilm. The carbon fiber carrier biofilm system with high surface nitrogen content has higher removal rate of COD, ammonia nitrogen and good stability, especially has obvious promoting effect on denitrification performance. Nitrogen content on carbon fiber surface has little effect on phosphorus removal performance of biofilm system. Carbon fiber surface was modified by ferrous oxalate and ferric citrate. The surface roughness, hydrophilicity and biofilm of carbon fiber modified by organic iron were greatly improved. The average removal rate of NH3-N TP was significantly higher than that of unmodified carbon fiber carrier, which was 9395%. In the poor nutrient water, the effluent COD value was about 11 mg / L ~ (12 mg / L), which was far lower than the national standard GB 18918-2002 first class A discharge standard. All accord with class I of surface water environmental quality standard GB3838-2002. Ferrous oxalate modified carbon fiber carrier showed excellent denitrification performance, and ferric citrate modified carbon fiber carrier had better phosphorus removal performance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京化工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TQ342.742;X703
本文編號(hào)：2234320
[Abstract]:At present, water shortage and water pollution coexist in our country, and surface water pollution is still serious. It is urgent to protect water resources, improve water environment and improve water treatment efficiency. The municipal sewage is mostly in the condition of micro-pollution, which is poor nutrition environment, which leads to the problem that the microbial activity and the water treatment ability of many commonly used biofilm carriers are decreased. Therefore, it is urgent to explore and develop an efficient and stable biofilm carrier material. Carbon fiber has biocompatibility and flexibility, and is suitable for biofilm carrier, but the surface of carbon fiber is smooth and hydrophilicity is poor, which is not good for biofilm suspension. In order to make carbon fiber become an excellent biofilm carrier material with high efficiency and stability, the surface of carbon fiber can be modified. In this paper, the effects of surface elements and hydrophilicity of carbon fiber on aerobic biofilm were analyzed by means of XPS, static contact angle, and the water quality purification ability of carbon fiber biofilm carrier in poor nutrient water was also analyzed. The mechanism of carbon fiber biofilm suspension was explored. It provides a theoretical basis for the modification of carbon fiber biofilm carrier and verifies the possibility of its application in municipal polluted water. In this paper, carbon fiber surface was modified by organic iron for the first time, and carbon fiber biofilm carrier material with excellent properties was prepared. The results show that the removal rate of COD, ammonia nitrogen in the biofilm system of carbon fiber carrier is as high as 97.32.0, which is 1.4% higher than that of PPF carrier. The COD, ammonia nitrogen removal rate decreased in the biofilm system of poor nutrient water, while the COD, ammonia nitrogen removal rate of carbon fiber carrier increased by 11.5% and 5.6% as compared with that of PPF carrier. Carbon fiber can also be used in municipal wastewater treatment because of its good resistance to microbial wastage and high reuse rate. Carbon fiber surface nitrogen content has a certain effect on the biofilm. The carbon fiber carrier biofilm system with high surface nitrogen content has higher removal rate of COD, ammonia nitrogen and good stability, especially has obvious promoting effect on denitrification performance. Nitrogen content on carbon fiber surface has little effect on phosphorus removal performance of biofilm system. Carbon fiber surface was modified by ferrous oxalate and ferric citrate. The surface roughness, hydrophilicity and biofilm of carbon fiber modified by organic iron were greatly improved. The average removal rate of NH3-N TP was significantly higher than that of unmodified carbon fiber carrier, which was 9395%. In the poor nutrient water, the effluent COD value was about 11 mg / L ~ (12 mg / L), which was far lower than the national standard GB 18918-2002 first class A discharge standard. All accord with class I of surface water environmental quality standard GB3838-2002. Ferrous oxalate modified carbon fiber carrier showed excellent denitrification performance, and ferric citrate modified carbon fiber carrier had better phosphorus removal performance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京化工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TQ342.742;X703
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，本文編號(hào)：2234320
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