【摘要】：以小麥-玉米輪作體系下的沙化潮土為研究對象,通過2012—2015年3年5季田間定位試驗,選用經(jīng)過無害化處理且符合國家相關標準的商業(yè)化污泥和鉬尾礦產(chǎn)品,研究無害化污泥與鉬尾礦施用對我國典型沙化潮土土壤質量指標的影響,為無害化污泥與鉬尾礦資源化利用提供理論和技術依據(jù)。結果表明:45 t·hm~(-2)污泥(W3)與鉬尾礦配施對沙化潮土有機質(SOM)的提升效果最明顯,SOM在玉米季W(wǎng)3+75 t·hm~(-2)(M1)處理顯著增加了165.10%,在小麥季W(wǎng)3+M2處理顯著增加了106.10%(P0.05);相比單施同一水平污泥,污泥與75 t·hm~(-2)鉬尾礦配施下土壤0.25 mm水穩(wěn)性團聚體(WR0.25)含量,平均質量直徑(MWD)和幾何平均直徑(GMD)分別顯著升高了38.04%~60.24%,28.45%~45.27%和41.34%~67.77%(P0.05),對促進土壤形成水穩(wěn)性團聚體以及提高水穩(wěn)性團聚體穩(wěn)定性的作用更為突出;45 t·hm~(-2)污泥與75 t·hm~(-2)鉬尾礦配施對沙化潮土微生物量碳(SMBC)和微生物量氮(SMBN)提升效果最明顯,在玉米季分別顯著提高了235.52%和156.79%(P0.05),在小麥季分別顯著提高了249.24%和128.32%(P0.05);單施污泥和污泥配施75 t·hm~(-2)鉬尾礦處理土壤微生物量熵(q MB)在玉米季和小麥季分別顯著提高了21.95%~46.25%和36.38%~71.17%(P0.05)。但污泥與高量鉬尾礦配施,SMBC、SMBN和q MB較單施同一水平污泥和與75 t·hm~(-2)鉬尾礦配施的處理在玉米季分別下降了3.89%~19.85%、4.31%~17.86%和6.95%~33.47%,在小麥季分別下降了5.34%~23.24%、4.33%~28.08%和3.09%~32.33%,表明鉬尾礦高量施用時會降低微生物活性。由灰色關聯(lián)度分析方法得出,45 t·hm~(-2)無害化污泥與75 t·hm~(-2)鉬尾礦配施(W3+M1)能顯著提高沙化潮土SOM、SMBC、SMBN和q MB,并提高土壤平均質量直徑(MWD)和幾何平均直徑(GMD),有效改善沙化潮土質量,在3年5季試驗期間也未發(fā)現(xiàn)土壤和作物籽粒受到重金屬污染。同時,W3+M1處理顯著提升了土壤肥力等級至Ⅰ級,在此基礎上,可以酌情不再施用污泥和鉬尾礦。
[Abstract]:Taking sandy tidal soil under wheat-maize rotation system as the research object, the commercial sludge and molybdenum tailings products, which have been treated innocuously and meet the relevant national standards, were selected through the field positioning experiment of 3 years and 5 seasons from 2012 to 2015. The effects of harmless sludge and molybdenum tailings application on soil quality indexes of typical sandy tidal soils in China were studied, which provided theoretical and technical basis for the utilization of harmless sludge and molybdenum tailings. The results showed that the (SOM) of organic matter in sandy aquic soil treated with W _ (3) and Mo tailings was significantly increased by 165.10% (P0.05) in maize season and 106.10% (P0.05) in wheat season, respectively. The content of soil water stable aggregate (WR0.25) was 0.25mm under the combination of sludge and 75 t hm ~ (-2) molybdenum tailings. Mean mass diameter (MWD) and geometric mean diameter (GMD) were significantly increased by 38.04 ~ 60.24% and 45.27% and 41.34 ~ 67.77% (P0.05), respectively. The effects on soil formation of water-stable aggregates and stability of water-stable aggregates were more prominent than that of 45 t / h ~ (-2) sludge and 75 t / hm ~ (-2) molybdenum tailings. The enhancement effect of microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) and microbial biomass nitrogen (SMBN) on sandy tidal soil was the most obvious. The soil microbial biomass entropy (q MB) was significantly increased by 235.52% and 156.79% (P0.05) in maize season, 249.24% and 128.32% (P0.05) in wheat season, respectively, and the soil microbial biomass entropy (q MB) increased by 21.9546.25% and 36.3871.17% (P0.05) in maize season and wheat season respectively. However, the treatment of sludge combined with high molybdenum tailings with SMBCN and QMB at the same level and with 75 t hm ~ (-2) molybdenum tailings decreased by 3.89 ~ (19. 85)% and 6.95% respectively in corn season, and by 5.34 ~ 23.244.33 ~ (3)% and 3.0932 ~ (3)% in wheat season, respectively, indicating that the molybdenum tailings with high application amount was 28.08% and 3.0932.3333%, respectively. It reduces microbial activity. Based on grey correlation analysis, it was concluded that 45 t of harmless sludge and 75 t hm ~ (-2) molybdenum tailings (W3M1) could significantly improve the soil quality of sandy tidal soils, such as SMBN and Q MBs, and improved the soil mean mass diameter (MWD) and geometric mean diameter (GMD),). No heavy metal contamination was found in soil and crop grains during the 3-5-season trial. At the same time, the treatment of W3M1 significantly increased the soil fertility to grade 鈪，

本文編號：2195371