【摘要】：近年來隨著生豬養(yǎng)殖欄數(shù)的不斷增加,養(yǎng)豬場污染物產(chǎn)生量大幅增長,養(yǎng)豬場特別是小型分散式養(yǎng)豬場造成的環(huán)境污染已成為生豬養(yǎng)殖業(yè)發(fā)展必須面對的現(xiàn)實問題。小型分散規(guī)�；酿B(yǎng)豬場污染物排放量大,處理水平低下,且污染源點多、面廣、治理難度大。因此因地制宜研究此類養(yǎng)豬場的污水處理技術(shù)成為解決當?shù)匚廴締栴}的關(guān)鍵。本文采用了 IST和TF工藝處理養(yǎng)豬場廢水,以期獲得最佳的工程運行參數(shù),所謂IST和TF工藝即化糞池和滴濾池工藝,為工程實施運行提供設(shè)計依據(jù)和穩(wěn)定的運行工況條件。本實驗主要的研究內(nèi)容和結(jié)果如下:(1)設(shè)計在COD濃度約為12000mg/L、HRT=5d、3d、2d條件下,普通、倒置、加填料三種不同類型的化糞池的處理效果。結(jié)果表明,不同類型的化糞池和不同水力停留時間對COD、總氮、總磷、SS的去除率都有很大的影響。(2)普通化糞池對總氮有最佳去除效果,在HRT=5d條件下COD、總氮、總磷和SS去除率分別為92.73%、32.36%、77.55%和81.28%;在HRT=3d條件下去除率分別為 81.6%、83.2%、50.8%和 73.8%;在 HRT=2d 條件下去除率分別為 68.64%、73.02%、63.18%和 57.47%。(3)倒置化糞池對COD、總氮、總磷和SS的處理效果低于其他兩類化糞池,在HRT=5d條件下COD、總氮、總磷和SS去除率分別為93.09%、40.41%、82%和80.84%;在HRT=3d條件下去除率分別為86.2%、78.6%、60.2%和75.8%;在HRT=2d條件下去除率分別為 69.44%、67.07%、80.33%和 65.43%。(4)YDT填料化糞池對COD、總磷和SS有最佳去除效果,在HRT=5d條件下COD、總氮、總磷和 SS 去除率分別為 94.23%、41.61%、83.17%和 81.61%;在 HRT=3d條件下去除率分別為85.4%、80.6%、60.2%和73%;在HRT=2d條件下去除率分別為81.66%、69.56%、91.37%和 73.08%。(5)在HRT=5d條件下三類化糞池對四類污染指標去除有明顯優(yōu)勢,遠遠高于HRT=3d和HRT=2d條件,普通化糞池、倒置化糞池和YDT填料化糞池對COD的去除率分別為92.73%、93.09%和94.23%;對總氮去除率分別為32.36%、40.41%和41.61%;對總磷的去除率分別為77.55%、82%和83.17%;對SS去除率分別為81.28%、80.84%和81.61%。按照去除率計算在HRT=5d條件下加入填料的化糞池COD、總氮、總磷、SS都有最高值。實驗結(jié)果表明在HRT=5d加入填料的化糞池出水污染物濃度最低,但需要注意化糞池內(nèi)的污泥堆積,及時排泥,否則極易發(fā)生酸化現(xiàn)象。(6)設(shè)計每日總進水50L,COD濃度約為1200 mg/L條件下,研究毛刷、沸石、火山巖三種填料的滴濾池對低濃度廢水中COD、TN、TP、氨氮的去除效果。結(jié)果表明:在溫度約為0～5℃條件下,毛刷、沸石、火山巖填料滴濾池對COD的去除率分別為27.8%、81%、76.2%;對總氮的去除率分別為:3%、-2.2%、0.4%;總磷的去除率分別為:24.4%、52.6%、43.8%;氨氮的去除率分別為:17.2%、65.2%、63.4%。綜合考慮,沸石在0～5℃條件下處理效果最為優(yōu)秀。但低溫條件下總氮的去除急劇下降,填料中的總氮有析出現(xiàn)象發(fā)生。(7)溫度對滴濾池運行效果的影響較大,在10～25℃火山巖有最高去除率,COD、總氮、總磷、氨氮分別為:84.28%、51.21%、56.50%、88.29%;在0～15℃最高去除率的沸石填料只有81.0%、-2.2%、52.6%、65.2%。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the continuous increase of the number of pig farms, the amount of pollutants produced by pig farms has greatly increased. The environmental pollution caused by pig farms, especially small-scale dispersed pig farms, has become a practical problem that pig farms must face. Therefore, it is very difficult to study the sewage treatment technology of this kind of pig farm to solve the local pollution problem. IST and TF process are used to treat pig farm wastewater in order to obtain the best engineering operation parameters. The so-called IST and TF process, namely septic tank and trickling filter process, are provided for the implementation of the project. The main research contents and results of this experiment are as follows: (1) The treatment effects of three different types of septic tanks with ordinary, inverted and filling were designed under the conditions of COD concentration of 12 000 mg/L, HRT = 5 d, 3 D and 2 d. The results showed that different types of septic tanks and different hydraulic retention time had different treatment effects on COD, total nitrogen and total nitrogen. The removal rates of COD, TN, TP and SS were 92.73%, 32.36%, 77.55% and 81.28% respectively under HRT = 5 d, 81.6%, 83.2%, 50.8% and 73.8% respectively under HRT = 3 d, and 68.64%, 73.02% and 63.18% under HRT = 2 d, respectively. (3) The removal rates of COD, TN, TP and S S were 93.09%, 40.41%, 82% and 80.84% under HRT = 5 d, 86.2%, 78.6%, 60.2% and 75.8% under HRT = 3 d, 69.44%, 67.07%, 80.07% and 80.84% under HRT = 2 d, respectively. The removal rates of COD, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and S S were 94.23%, 41.61%, 83.17% and 81.61% respectively under HRT = 5 d, 85.4%, 80.6%, 60.2% and 73% respectively under HRT = 3 d, and 81.66%, 69.56%, 91.37% and 73.08% (5) under HRT = 2 d. Under the condition of HRT=5 d, the removal rates of COD by three types of septic tanks were 92.73%, 93.09% and 94.23% respectively, and the removal rates of total nitrogen were 32.36%, 40.41% and 41.61% respectively. The removal rates of total phosphorus were 77.55% and 77.55% respectively. The removal rates of SS, COD, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and SS were 81.28%, 80.84% and 81.61% respectively. (6) The removal efficiency of COD, TN, TP and ammonia nitrogen in low concentration wastewater by trickling filters with bristle, zeolite and volcanic rock fillers was studied under the condition of 50L daily total influent and 1200 mg/L COD concentration. The removal rates of total nitrogen were 3%, - 2.2%, - 0.4%. The removal rates of total phosphorus were 24.4%, 52.6% and 43.8% respectively. The removal rates of ammonia nitrogen were 17.2%, 65.2% and 63.4% respectively. Elephant occurrence. (7) Temperature has a great influence on the operation of the trickling filter. The highest removal rates of COD, TN, TP and NH3-N are 84.28%, 51.21%, 56.50% and 88.29% respectively at 10-25 C. The highest removal rates of zeolite fillers at 0-15 C are 81.0%, - 2.2%, 52.6% and 65.2%.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X713

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