中國(guó)重度霧霾時(shí)空分布特征及影響因子分析
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-01 16:11
【摘要】：近幾年霧霾的發(fā)生程度和頻次在不斷提高,不僅給人們?nèi)粘Ｉ钜约敖】祹?lái)了嚴(yán)重的威脅,還給經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來(lái)了巨大的損失。為此,本文探討我國(guó)重度霧霾的時(shí)空分布特征,分析中國(guó)31個(gè)省份之間霧霾污染的交互影響問題以及經(jīng)濟(jì)、能源結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)霧霾的影響,這樣可以有效地為霧霾的治理以及污染情況的控制提供一個(gè)參考的作用。本文主要用到的方法有克里金內(nèi)插法、聚類分析、空間自相關(guān)、灰色關(guān)聯(lián)分析,處理的數(shù)據(jù)主要包括API、氣象站點(diǎn)數(shù)據(jù)、2.5濃度分布矢量圖,結(jié)合統(tǒng)計(jì)年鑒數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行多方面研究和探索,主要研究?jī)?nèi)容和結(jié)果如下:1.從統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法研究出發(fā),利用克里金插值分析我國(guó)霧霾分布情況,結(jié)果表明霧霾具有明顯的時(shí)空分布差異。霧霾、2.5濃度主要分布在京津冀及山東、西北北部區(qū)域,以及四川東南部、重慶。霧霾分布具有明顯的季節(jié)性,冬季比較多,而夏季比較少。城市污染物濃度分布也有地區(qū)差異,2和可吸收顆粒物在北方城市的濃度比較高,而南方城市的比較低,并且也隨著季節(jié)變化而變化。2.從空間區(qū)域交互影響的角度出發(fā),運(yùn)用空間自相關(guān)探討中國(guó)31個(gè)省份之間2.5濃度的相關(guān)性,結(jié)果表明霧霾污染存在顯著的空間正相關(guān),污染聚集區(qū)分布在京津冀、長(zhǎng)三角地區(qū),而且隨著時(shí)間推移,正相關(guān)指數(shù)處于上升趨勢(shì)。為了保證結(jié)果的可靠性,進(jìn)一步對(duì)主要城市的氣象指標(biāo)進(jìn)行空間自相關(guān)分析,結(jié)果表明氣象指標(biāo)也存在空間正相關(guān),并且指數(shù)變化趨勢(shì)呈現(xiàn)不同的規(guī)律。3.在結(jié)合上述研究的基礎(chǔ)上,采用系統(tǒng)聚類對(duì)中國(guó)區(qū)域進(jìn)行區(qū)域劃分。在2.5濃度以及氣象指標(biāo)存在空間正相關(guān)的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)近幾年的空氣主要污染成分濃度進(jìn)行聚類分析,最后將中國(guó)劃分為5個(gè)區(qū)域。4.在區(qū)域劃分的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)污染區(qū)域進(jìn)行研究—以天津?yàn)槔�。從城市的發(fā)展方面分析,利用灰色關(guān)聯(lián)模型,研究天津地區(qū)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)對(duì)霧霾的影響,結(jié)果表明人類活動(dòng)和霧霾天氣有著緊密的聯(lián)系,特別是城市人口、能源燃燒、城市綠化、環(huán)境投資、工業(yè)排放等因素與霧霾的主要污染物關(guān)聯(lián)度較大。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the occurrence and frequency of haze has been increasing, which not only brings a serious threat to people's daily life and health, but also brings huge losses to the economy. Therefore, this paper discusses the spatial and temporal distribution of severe haze in China, analyzes the interaction of haze pollution among 31 provinces in China, and the effects of economy and energy structure on haze. This can effectively provide a reference for haze control and pollution control. The main methods used in this paper are Kriging interpolation, clustering analysis, spatial autocorrelation, grey correlation analysis, data processing mainly includes API, meteorological data, 2.5 concentration distribution vector chart, Combined with the statistical yearbook data to carry on many aspects research and exploration, the main research content and results are as follows: 1. Based on the statistical method, the distribution of haze in China is analyzed by Kriging interpolation. The results show that the distribution of haze is different in time and space. The concentration of haze is mainly distributed in Beijing, Tianjin, Shandong, northern northwest, southeast Sichuan and Chongqing. Haze distribution has obvious seasonality, more in winter, but less in summer. There are also regional differences in the concentration distribution of pollutants and the concentration of absorbable particulate matter in northern cities is higher than that in southern cities, and it also varies with seasonal variation. From the point of view of spatial regional interaction, the correlation of 2.5 concentration between 31 provinces in China was studied by spatial autocorrelation. The results showed that there was a significant spatial positive correlation in haze pollution, and the pollution concentration areas were distributed in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and Yangtze River Delta regions. And over time, the positive correlation index is on the rise. In order to ensure the reliability of the results, the spatial autocorrelation analysis of meteorological indexes in major cities is carried out. The results show that there is also a positive spatial correlation of meteorological indicators, and the trend of index changes is different. 3. On the basis of the above research, the region of China is divided by systematic clustering. On the basis of the spatial positive correlation between 2.5 concentration and meteorological index, the concentration of main air pollution components in recent years was analyzed by cluster analysis. Finally, China was divided into 5 regions. On the basis of regional division, the polluted area is studied-taking Tianjin as an example. Based on the analysis of urban development, the influence of social and economic activities on haze in Tianjin area is studied by using grey relational model. The results show that human activities are closely related to haze weather, especially urban population, energy combustion. Urban greening, environmental investment, industrial emissions and other factors are related to the main pollutants of haze.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X513
本文編號(hào)：2158117
[Abstract]:In recent years, the occurrence and frequency of haze has been increasing, which not only brings a serious threat to people's daily life and health, but also brings huge losses to the economy. Therefore, this paper discusses the spatial and temporal distribution of severe haze in China, analyzes the interaction of haze pollution among 31 provinces in China, and the effects of economy and energy structure on haze. This can effectively provide a reference for haze control and pollution control. The main methods used in this paper are Kriging interpolation, clustering analysis, spatial autocorrelation, grey correlation analysis, data processing mainly includes API, meteorological data, 2.5 concentration distribution vector chart, Combined with the statistical yearbook data to carry on many aspects research and exploration, the main research content and results are as follows: 1. Based on the statistical method, the distribution of haze in China is analyzed by Kriging interpolation. The results show that the distribution of haze is different in time and space. The concentration of haze is mainly distributed in Beijing, Tianjin, Shandong, northern northwest, southeast Sichuan and Chongqing. Haze distribution has obvious seasonality, more in winter, but less in summer. There are also regional differences in the concentration distribution of pollutants and the concentration of absorbable particulate matter in northern cities is higher than that in southern cities, and it also varies with seasonal variation. From the point of view of spatial regional interaction, the correlation of 2.5 concentration between 31 provinces in China was studied by spatial autocorrelation. The results showed that there was a significant spatial positive correlation in haze pollution, and the pollution concentration areas were distributed in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and Yangtze River Delta regions. And over time, the positive correlation index is on the rise. In order to ensure the reliability of the results, the spatial autocorrelation analysis of meteorological indexes in major cities is carried out. The results show that there is also a positive spatial correlation of meteorological indicators, and the trend of index changes is different. 3. On the basis of the above research, the region of China is divided by systematic clustering. On the basis of the spatial positive correlation between 2.5 concentration and meteorological index, the concentration of main air pollution components in recent years was analyzed by cluster analysis. Finally, China was divided into 5 regions. On the basis of regional division, the polluted area is studied-taking Tianjin as an example. Based on the analysis of urban development, the influence of social and economic activities on haze in Tianjin area is studied by using grey relational model. The results show that human activities are closely related to haze weather, especially urban population, energy combustion. Urban greening, environmental investment, industrial emissions and other factors are related to the main pollutants of haze.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X513
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條
1 東亞斌;段志善;;灰色關(guān)聯(lián)度分辨系數(shù)的一種新的確定方法[J];西安建筑科技大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2008年04期
，本文編號(hào)：2158117
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