南四湖和東平湖浮游硅藻種群分布及硅藻指數(shù)適用性研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-26 07:54
【摘要】：南水北調(diào)工程是緩解我國北方地區(qū)水資源短缺、實現(xiàn)水資源合理配置的重大戰(zhàn)略性基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施,包括東線、中線和西線三條調(diào)水線路。南四湖和東平湖是南水北調(diào)東線工程重要的蓄水湖泊和輸水通道,其水質(zhì)狀況和富營養(yǎng)化狀態(tài)一直是相關(guān)學者及水利環(huán)保部門共同關(guān)注的重點問題。目前,國內(nèi)外學者對硅藻的研究比較普遍,但對南四湖和東平湖硅藻及其與環(huán)境因子間關(guān)系的研究鮮有報道。因此,分析南四湖和東平湖浮游硅藻種群結(jié)構(gòu)、分布特征、影響因子以及指示潛力,可為南水北調(diào)東線工程以及南四湖、東平湖水污染防治提供技術(shù)指導(dǎo),同時也可為將來研究調(diào)水工程對湖泊藻類的影響提供詳實資料。本研究在2010年5月～2013年4月期間,對南四湖和東平湖的硅藻種群結(jié)構(gòu)、優(yōu)勢種季節(jié)演替及其與環(huán)境因子的關(guān)系、硅藻的指示作用進行分析,并比較了兩個湖泊硅藻種群差異的主要原因,結(jié)果如下：(1)南四湖共檢出硅藻22屬69種,硅藻的密度在14.3×104-663.2×104個/L之間；硅藻密度變化呈現(xiàn)出明顯的季節(jié)性,冬春季節(jié)大于夏秋季節(jié)；硅藻種群演替呈現(xiàn)出明顯的季節(jié)性,冬春季節(jié)硅藻組成主要以冷水種尖針桿藻為主,夏秋季節(jié)硅藻組合以暖水種扭曲小環(huán)藻為主；氮磷營養(yǎng)鹽、pH和溫度是影響南四湖硅藻種群變化的主要環(huán)境因子。(2)東平湖共檢出硅藻25屬52種,硅藻密度在11.2×104-1040.0×104個/L之間；硅藻密度呈現(xiàn)出明顯的季節(jié)性,在秋季有明顯的生長趨勢；針桿藻屬、小環(huán)藻屬和脆桿藻屬是東平湖硅藻的主要優(yōu)勢種；氮磷營養(yǎng)鹽、CODMn濃度和溫度是影響東平湖硅藻種群變化的主要環(huán)境因子。(3)南四湖和東平湖硅藻種群構(gòu)成大體相似,最大的差異在于優(yōu)勢種的演替,在南四湖中硅藻優(yōu)勢種遵循冷水種屬針桿藻屬(冬春季節(jié))與暖水藻屬小環(huán)藻屬(夏秋季節(jié))相互演替的規(guī)律,而在東平湖中硅藻優(yōu)勢種在四季均為針桿藻屬和脆桿藻屬,造成這種差異的原因可能在于兩個湖泊溫度、水質(zhì)狀況及富營養(yǎng)化狀態(tài)的不同：南四湖的平均溫度大于東平湖,這使得溫度對南四湖硅藻種群的限制較東平湖大,南四湖冷暖水硅藻的演替較東平湖更為明顯；南四湖的水質(zhì)狀況較東平湖差、富營養(yǎng)化程度較東平湖高,這為污染及營養(yǎng)物濃度耐受性較大的小環(huán)藻屬成為優(yōu)勢種屬提供了有利條件。(4)南四湖和東平湖的硅藻對于富營養(yǎng)化狀態(tài)均有一定指示作用：在硅藻生長良好的冬春季節(jié),南四湖的硅藻密度的變化趨勢和富營養(yǎng)化狀態(tài)的變化趨勢大體呈相反趨勢；在東平湖中當硅藻密度顯著增加時,富營養(yǎng)化狀態(tài)也會有所增加,但富營養(yǎng)化狀態(tài)的變化有時會滯后于硅藻密度的變化。TDI (Trophic Diatom Index)不適合評價南四湖和東平湖的富營養(yǎng)化狀態(tài)。
[Abstract]:The south to North Water Diversion Project is a major strategic infrastructure to alleviate water shortage in northern China and realize the rational allocation of water resources, including three water transfer lines in the east line, middle line and west line. The Nansi Lake and East Pinghu are important water storage lakes and water conveyance passages in the East Route of the south to North Water Diversion Project. The water quality and eutrophication state have always been the same. At present, scholars at home and abroad are more common in the research of diatom, but there are few reports on the relationship between diatom and its environmental factors in Nansi Lake and East Pinghu. Therefore, the population structure, distribution characteristics, influence factors and indication potential of the planktonic diatom population in Nansi Lake and East Pinghu are analyzed. It can provide technical guidance for the East Route Project of South to North Water Transfer and the prevention and control of water pollution in Dongping lake, and also provide detailed information on the influence of water diversion project on Lake Algae in the future. During the period from May 2010 to April 2013, the population structure of diatom in Nansi Lake and Dongping lake, the seasonal succession of dominant species and its environment were also provided. The relationship between factors and diatom indicates the main reason for the difference of diatom population in two lakes. The results are as follows: (1) 69 species of diatom were detected in Nansi Lake, and the density of diatom was between 14.3 x 104-663.2 and 104 /L; the density of diatom showed obvious seasonality, the winter and spring season was greater than the summer and autumn season; diatom The succession of the population showed a distinct seasonal character. In winter and spring, the main composition of diatom was cold water species, and diatom combination was dominated by warm water species in summer and autumn. Nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients, pH and temperature were the main environmental factors affecting the changes of diatom population in Nansi Lake. (2) 52 species of diatom were detected in East Pinghu, and the density of diatom was in the density of diatom in East Pinghu. Between 11.2 x 104-1040.0 and 104 /L, the density of diatom showed obvious seasonal and obvious growth trend in autumn. The main dominant species of Dongping Lake diatom were aconus, cystie and crisp. The nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients, CODMn concentration and temperature were the main environmental factors affecting the change of the species of silicon algae in Dongping Lake. (3) Nansi Lake and the South Fourth lake. The species composition of diatom in Dongping lake is roughly similar, the biggest difference is the succession of dominant species. The dominant species of diatom in Nanhu Lake follows the law of mutual succession of cold water species in the genus coniferous algae (winter and spring season) and the genus microalgae (summer and autumn season) of warm algae, while the dominant species of diatom in Dongping lake are coniferous and crisp in the four seasons. This difference may be due to the difference in the temperature of two lakes, the water quality and the eutrophication state: the average temperature of the Nansi Lake is greater than that of Dongping lake, which makes the temperature of the diatom population of Nansi Lake larger than that of East Pinghu, and the succession of diatom in the cold and warm water of Nansi Lake is more obvious than that in East Pinghu; the water quality of Nansi Lake is more than that in East Pinghu. The degree of eutrophication is higher than that in East Pinghu. This provides a favorable condition for the dominant species of the genus cystis. (4) the diatom in Nansi Lake and Dongping lake have a certain indication of eutrophication: the change trend of diatom density in Nansi Lake in good winter and spring season. The trend of eutrophication and eutrophication is in the opposite direction; when the density of diatom in Dongping Lake increases significantly, the eutrophication state will increase, but the change of eutrophication is sometimes lagged behind the change of diatom density.TDI (Trophic Diatom Index) discomfort evaluation of the eutrophication state of Nansi Lake and Dongping lake.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X173;X52
本文編號：2145362
[Abstract]:The south to North Water Diversion Project is a major strategic infrastructure to alleviate water shortage in northern China and realize the rational allocation of water resources, including three water transfer lines in the east line, middle line and west line. The Nansi Lake and East Pinghu are important water storage lakes and water conveyance passages in the East Route of the south to North Water Diversion Project. The water quality and eutrophication state have always been the same. At present, scholars at home and abroad are more common in the research of diatom, but there are few reports on the relationship between diatom and its environmental factors in Nansi Lake and East Pinghu. Therefore, the population structure, distribution characteristics, influence factors and indication potential of the planktonic diatom population in Nansi Lake and East Pinghu are analyzed. It can provide technical guidance for the East Route Project of South to North Water Transfer and the prevention and control of water pollution in Dongping lake, and also provide detailed information on the influence of water diversion project on Lake Algae in the future. During the period from May 2010 to April 2013, the population structure of diatom in Nansi Lake and Dongping lake, the seasonal succession of dominant species and its environment were also provided. The relationship between factors and diatom indicates the main reason for the difference of diatom population in two lakes. The results are as follows: (1) 69 species of diatom were detected in Nansi Lake, and the density of diatom was between 14.3 x 104-663.2 and 104 /L; the density of diatom showed obvious seasonality, the winter and spring season was greater than the summer and autumn season; diatom The succession of the population showed a distinct seasonal character. In winter and spring, the main composition of diatom was cold water species, and diatom combination was dominated by warm water species in summer and autumn. Nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients, pH and temperature were the main environmental factors affecting the changes of diatom population in Nansi Lake. (2) 52 species of diatom were detected in East Pinghu, and the density of diatom was in the density of diatom in East Pinghu. Between 11.2 x 104-1040.0 and 104 /L, the density of diatom showed obvious seasonal and obvious growth trend in autumn. The main dominant species of Dongping Lake diatom were aconus, cystie and crisp. The nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients, CODMn concentration and temperature were the main environmental factors affecting the change of the species of silicon algae in Dongping Lake. (3) Nansi Lake and the South Fourth lake. The species composition of diatom in Dongping lake is roughly similar, the biggest difference is the succession of dominant species. The dominant species of diatom in Nanhu Lake follows the law of mutual succession of cold water species in the genus coniferous algae (winter and spring season) and the genus microalgae (summer and autumn season) of warm algae, while the dominant species of diatom in Dongping lake are coniferous and crisp in the four seasons. This difference may be due to the difference in the temperature of two lakes, the water quality and the eutrophication state: the average temperature of the Nansi Lake is greater than that of Dongping lake, which makes the temperature of the diatom population of Nansi Lake larger than that of East Pinghu, and the succession of diatom in the cold and warm water of Nansi Lake is more obvious than that in East Pinghu; the water quality of Nansi Lake is more than that in East Pinghu. The degree of eutrophication is higher than that in East Pinghu. This provides a favorable condition for the dominant species of the genus cystis. (4) the diatom in Nansi Lake and Dongping lake have a certain indication of eutrophication: the change trend of diatom density in Nansi Lake in good winter and spring season. The trend of eutrophication and eutrophication is in the opposite direction; when the density of diatom in Dongping Lake increases significantly, the eutrophication state will increase, but the change of eutrophication is sometimes lagged behind the change of diatom density.TDI (Trophic Diatom Index) discomfort evaluation of the eutrophication state of Nansi Lake and Dongping lake.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X173;X52
【引證文獻】
相關(guān)博士學位論文 前1條
1 任穎;南水北調(diào)東線調(diào)蓄湖泊浮游藻類群落特征與環(huán)境驅(qū)動因子[D];山東大學;2016年
，本文編號：2145362
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