發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-17 01:49

【摘要】：近年來,石墨烯基納米復(fù)合材料由于結(jié)合了石墨烯與納米材料的特性而產(chǎn)生協(xié)同效應(yīng),在光電器件、透明電極、傳感器、電容器、鋰離子電池、催化等領(lǐng)域表現(xiàn)出誘人的應(yīng)用前景,正日益受到研究者的關(guān)注。本論文制備了石墨烯/聚苯胺(PANI)復(fù)合薄膜、石墨烯/四氧化三鐵(Fe_3O_4)、石墨烯/硫化鎘(CdS)等高分子納米復(fù)合材料,研究了復(fù)合材料的光電性能、吸附性能及光催化性能。具體研究?jī)?nèi)容如下:1.采用聚苯胺修飾還原氧化石墨烯-原位生成法制備了石墨烯/PANI/CdS復(fù)合薄膜,研究了材料的三階非線性光學(xué)性能(NLO)。用紅外(FTIR)、X-射線衍射(XRD)、掃描電鏡(SEM)、透射電鏡(TEM)、熱重(TGA)和紫外-可見(UV-Vis)等方法對(duì)材料進(jìn)行了表征,用Z-掃描(Z-scan)測(cè)試了材料的三階NLO性能。結(jié)果表明,石墨烯/PANI/CdS的三階NLO吸收系數(shù)可達(dá)到-4.3 cm/GW分別高于石墨烯/PANI(-2.4 cm/GW)和PANI(-1.5cm/GW),表明石墨烯/PANI/CdS中存在協(xié)同效應(yīng)。2.采用一步溶劑熱法制備了石墨烯/Fe_3O_4復(fù)合材料,并研究了其對(duì)水中甲基橙的吸附脫色性能。吸附動(dòng)力學(xué)分析表明,吸附過程符合二級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,理論最大吸附能力為92.59 mg/g,循環(huán)使用5次后去除效率為初始效率的95%,材料耐久性良好。3.采用一步溶劑熱法制備了石墨烯/CdS復(fù)合材料,研究了該材料光催化氧化甲基橙的性能。正交實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,反應(yīng)溫度對(duì)光催化性能影響較大。通過吸附動(dòng)力學(xué)分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)石墨烯對(duì)甲基橙的吸附過程滿足一級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型。石墨烯/CdS對(duì)甲基橙的去除率高于純硫化鎘,說明石墨烯對(duì)CdS的光催化性能具有促進(jìn)作用。
[Abstract]:In recent years, graphene based nanocomposites have produced synergistic effects by combining the properties of graphene with nanomaterials, in optoelectronic devices, transparent electrodes, sensors, capacitors, lithium ion batteries, Catalysis and other fields show attractive application prospects, and are attracting more and more attention from researchers. In this paper, graphene / Polyaniline (pani) composite films, graphene / iron trioxide (Fe _ 3O _ 4), graphene / cadmium sulfide (CDs) nanocomposites were prepared. The photoelectric properties, adsorption properties and photocatalytic properties of the composites were studied. The specific contents of the study are as follows: 1. The graphene / PANI- / CDs composite thin films were prepared by Polyaniline modified reduced-graphene oxidation-in-situ method. The third-order nonlinear optical properties (NLO) of the films were investigated. The materials were characterized by FTIR X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetry (TGA) and UV-Vis. The third-order NLO properties were measured by Z-scan. The results show that the third-order NLO absorption coefficient of graphene / pani / CDs is -4.3 cm / GW higher than that of graphene / pani (-2.4 cm / GW) and pani (-1.5 cm / GW) respectively. Graphene / Fe _ 3O _ 4 composites were prepared by one-step solvothermal method and their adsorption and decolorization properties for methyl orange in water were studied. The adsorption kinetics analysis shows that the adsorption process accords with the second-order kinetic model, the theoretical maximum adsorption capacity is 92.59 mg / g, the removal efficiency is 95% of the initial efficiency after 5 cycles, and the material durability is good. Graphene / CDs composites were prepared by one step solvothermal method. The photocatalytic oxidation of methyl orange was studied. The results of orthogonal experiment show that the reaction temperature has a great effect on the photocatalytic performance. The adsorption kinetics of methyl orange by graphene was found to be in accordance with the first order kinetic model. The removal rate of methyl orange by graphene / CDs was higher than that of pure cadmium sulfide, which indicated that graphene could promote the photocatalytic activity of CDs.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州科技學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TB33;X703

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