本文選題：消毒副產(chǎn)物 + 三氯乙酸�。� 參考：《山西大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：目前我國的生活飲用水凈化處理過程大多采用氯化消毒方式,然而氯消毒劑在凈化水質(zhì)的同時(shí)很容易與水體中的一些有機(jī)物作用產(chǎn)生消毒副產(chǎn)物,鹵乙酸就是其中一類較為常見的有機(jī)污染物,具有很強(qiáng)的“三致”效應(yīng),對(duì)環(huán)境和人體健康有很大危害,而三氯乙酸在氯消毒過程產(chǎn)生的鹵乙酸中所占的比例最大,因此,本論文主要是以三氯乙酸為目標(biāo)污染物,針對(duì)飲用水中鹵乙酸的穩(wěn)定性和降解規(guī)律的研究。本研究主要是通過測(cè)定飲用水中三氯乙酸在一系列影響因子(溫度、pH、金屬離子和活性炭)作用下的去除效果來確定三氯乙酸去除的最佳條件進(jìn)而初步探討以三氯乙酸為代表的鹵乙酸轉(zhuǎn)化和控制等方面的機(jī)理,為采取相應(yīng)方法、工藝和設(shè)備控制消毒副產(chǎn)物的危害提供了依據(jù),主要研究?jī)?nèi)容和結(jié)果如下：(1)熱處理對(duì)水中的三氯乙酸(TCAA)有較好的去除效果。隨著溫度的升高和熱處理時(shí)間的增加三氯乙酸的去除率均提高,該實(shí)驗(yàn)組設(shè)定條件下,三氯乙酸的去除率在煮沸60min時(shí)達(dá)到最大,為80.6%；水樣處于室溫狀態(tài)0-30min時(shí),空白組三氯乙酸自身的降解速率最高；熱處理后的水樣可檢測(cè)出低濃度二氯乙酸(DCAA)其濃度隨著溫度的升高和持續(xù)時(shí)間的增加呈現(xiàn)上升趨勢(shì)。(2)隨著pH值的升高,三氯乙酸的濃度并沒有明顯變化。(3)與空白組相比,熱處理?xiàng)l件下,引入鈣離子后三氯乙酸的去除效果明顯增強(qiáng)。加入鈣離子的實(shí)驗(yàn)組,三氯乙酸的濃度隨溫度的升高和煮沸時(shí)間的增加呈下降趨勢(shì),水樣剛達(dá)到沸點(diǎn)時(shí),三氯乙酸的去除率為82.7%,隨著煮沸時(shí)間增加到60min,三氯乙酸的去除率可達(dá)89.6%,明顯高于空白組。(4)煮沸條件下,鐵離子對(duì)三氯乙酸去除率的影響很大,引入鐵離子的實(shí)驗(yàn)組水樣中三氯乙酸的濃度明顯下降,隨著煮沸時(shí)間和加入的鐵離子濃度的增加,三氯乙酸的去除率均不斷提高；煮沸相同的時(shí)間,加入鐵離子的實(shí)驗(yàn)組三氯乙酸的去除率和降解速率均略微高于加入鈣離子的實(shí)驗(yàn)組。(5)顆�；钚蕴繉�(duì)三氯乙酸的去除影響研究表明,活性炭對(duì)三氯乙酸有很好的去除效果。加入1g/L的活性炭作用1h后,三氯乙酸的去除率為78.6%,隨著活性炭作用時(shí)間增加到4h,三氯乙酸的去除率可以提高到96.3%。此外,針對(duì)活性炭去除三氯乙酸的機(jī)理進(jìn)行了初步探討,研究發(fā)現(xiàn),活性炭與三氯乙酸作用的過程中,隨著活性炭作用時(shí)間的增加,水樣中氯離子濃度明顯上升,因此可以判斷活性炭對(duì)三氯乙酸不僅具有吸附作用還有降解的作用。
[Abstract]:At present, the purification process of drinking water in our country mostly adopts chlorination disinfection method. However, chlorine disinfectant can easily produce disinfection by-products while purifying water quality and interacting with some organic compounds in water body. Haloacetic acid is one of the most common organic pollutants, which has a strong "three cause" effect, which is harmful to the environment and human health. However, trichloroacetic acid accounts for the largest proportion of halogenated acetic acid in the process of chlorine disinfection. In this paper, trichloroacetic acid is used as the target pollutant to study the stability and degradation of haloacetic acid in drinking water. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal removal conditions of trichloroacetic acid by determining the removal effect of trichloroacetic acid in drinking water under a series of influencing factors (temperature pH, metal ion and activated carbon), and to discuss the application of trichloroacetic acid to the removal of trichloroacetic acid. The mechanism of conversion and control of haloacetic acid represented by acetic acid, The main contents and results are as follows: (1) Heat treatment has better removal effect of trichloroacetic acid (TCAA) in water. With the increase of temperature and heat treatment time, the removal rate of trichloroacetic acid increased. The removal rate of trichloroacetic acid reached the maximum of 80.6 at boiling 60min under the set conditions of the experimental group, while the water sample was in 0-30min at room temperature. In the blank group, the degradation rate of trichloroacetic acid was the highest, and the concentration of DCAA increased with the increase of temperature and duration. (2) with the increase of pH value, the concentration of dichloroacetic acid (DCAA) increased with the increase of pH value, and the concentration of dichloroacetic acid (DCAA) increased with the increase of temperature and duration. The concentration of trichloroacetic acid did not change obviously. (3) compared with the blank group, the removal efficiency of trichloroacetic acid was obviously enhanced after the introduction of calcium ion under heat treatment. The concentration of trichloroacetic acid decreased with the increase of temperature and boiling time, and when the water sample reached boiling point, the concentration of trichloroacetic acid decreased with the addition of calcium ion. The removal rate of trichloroacetic acid was 82.7%. With the boiling time increasing to 60 min, the removal rate of trichloroacetic acid reached 89.6, which was significantly higher than that of the blank group. (4) under boiling condition, iron ions had a great effect on the removal rate of trichloroacetic acid. The concentration of trichloroacetic acid in the water sample of the experimental group with the introduction of iron ions decreased obviously, and the removal rate of trichloroacetic acid increased with the increase of boiling time and the concentration of iron ion added. The removal rate and degradation rate of trichloroacetic acid in the experimental group with iron ions were slightly higher than those in the experimental group with calcium ion. (5) the effect of granular activated carbon on the removal of trichloroacetic acid showed that activated carbon had a good effect on the removal of trichloroacetic acid. The removal rate of trichloroacetic acid was 78.6 after adding 1 g / L of activated carbon for 1 h, and the removal rate of trichloroacetic acid could be increased to 96.3 with the increase of activated carbon time to 4 h. In addition, the mechanism of removal of trichloroacetic acid by activated carbon was preliminarily discussed. It was found that the concentration of chlorine ion in water increased with the increase of activated carbon time during the reaction of activated carbon with trichloroacetic acid. Therefore, it can be judged that activated carbon not only adsorbs but also degrades trichloroacetic acid.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：R123.6

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