本文選題：改性PE載體 + 親水性��； 參考：《大連理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：聚乙烯(Polyethylene,簡(jiǎn)稱PE)載體親水性和生物親和性較差,存在掛膜速度較慢、生物膜量較低及生物膜活性不高等缺陷,影響其污水處理效果。為解決這一問題,本文通過共混改性分別生產(chǎn)了親水型和營(yíng)養(yǎng)緩釋型改性PE載體,并應(yīng)用改性載體加速移動(dòng)床生物膜反應(yīng)器(Moving bed biofilm reactor,簡(jiǎn)稱MBBR)工藝的掛膜啟動(dòng),應(yīng)用改性載體增強(qiáng)序批式移動(dòng)床生物膜反應(yīng)器(Sequencing batch moving bed biofilm reactor,簡(jiǎn)稱SBMBBR)工藝的脫氮效果。引入親水性基團(tuán)能夠改善PE載體的表面親水性。分別向HDPE基料中添加一定量的淀粉和輔助劑、添加一定量的硅藻土和輔助劑、同時(shí)添加一定量的淀粉、硅藻土及輔助劑使其表面接觸角從94.3。分別降低至79°、77.8°、76.6°。并且,水環(huán)境中淀粉的緩慢溶出使改性載體具備了營(yíng)養(yǎng)緩釋性能。掛膜啟動(dòng)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示,相同條件下,實(shí)驗(yàn)前36天,同時(shí)添加淀粉和硅藻土的復(fù)合型載體生物膜內(nèi)多糖和蛋白質(zhì)含量的平均增長(zhǎng)速率分別是PE載體的1.8倍和1.9倍。實(shí)驗(yàn)第60天時(shí),復(fù)合型載體生物膜內(nèi)多糖和蛋白質(zhì)的含量分別是68.4 mg/L和69.5 mg/L,比PE載體高67.8%和47.9%。多糖和蛋白質(zhì)的含量越高,表明生物膜的生物活性和細(xì)胞活性越高。生物膜成熟期,復(fù)合型載體上的生物膜量為2.3±0.3∥L,比PE載體高89.3%,表明復(fù)合型載體具有富集微生物的能力。SEM和FISH結(jié)果顯示,復(fù)合型載體生物膜內(nèi)不同類型的菌群組成互生或共生體系,硝化菌群數(shù)量較多。上述復(fù)合型載體在掛膜性能方面的優(yōu)勢(shì),使其第20天出水COD和NH4+-N就達(dá)到了國(guó)家一級(jí)A標(biāo)準(zhǔn),比PE載體早12天,縮短了MBBR工藝的啟動(dòng)時(shí)間。SBMBBR實(shí)驗(yàn)中,多組分改性劑的添加使改性載體的密度增加到0.972g/cm3,接觸角降低至72.4。。實(shí)驗(yàn)期間,兩組SBMBBRs工藝的NH4+-N去除效果明顯優(yōu)于傳統(tǒng)SBR工藝,投加改性載體的SBMBBR2出水NH4+-N在第18天達(dá)到了國(guó)家一級(jí)A標(biāo)準(zhǔn),分別比投加PE載體的SBMBBR1和無載體投加的SBR早2天和8天。實(shí)驗(yàn)后期,SBMBBR2總氮去除效果最優(yōu),SBMBBR1次之,SBR較差。穩(wěn)定期SBMBBR2的總氮平均去除率比SBR高近20%。單個(gè)周期內(nèi),兩組SBMBBRs工藝的NH4+-N去除速率更快。并且,生物膜的空間異質(zhì)性為實(shí)現(xiàn)同步硝化反硝化(Simultaneous Nitrification and Denitrification,簡(jiǎn)稱SND)創(chuàng)造了有利的環(huán)境條件,使SBMBBRs工藝的總氮去除效果更好。加之改性載體良好的掛膜性能,單個(gè)周期內(nèi)好氧結(jié)束和二次缺氧結(jié)束時(shí)SBMBBR2的總氮去除率分別比SBR高20.2%和18.4%。
[Abstract]:Polyethylene (PE) carrier has some disadvantages such as poor hydrophilicity and biological affinity, low biofilm amount and low biofilm activity, which affects the wastewater treatment efficiency. In order to solve this problem, hydrophilic and nutrient slow-release modified PE carriers were produced by blending modification, and the modified carrier was used to accelerate the start-up of membrane suspension in moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) process. The modified carrier was used to enhance the denitrification effect of sequencing batch moving bed biofilm reactor (SBMBBR). The hydrophilic group can improve the surface hydrophilicity of PE carrier. A certain amount of starch and auxiliary agent, a certain amount of diatomite and auxiliary agent, and a certain amount of starch, diatomite and auxiliary agent were added to HDPE base material, respectively, and the surface contact angle of HDPE was 94.3%. It was reduced to 79 擄/ 77.8 擄/ 76.6 擄respectively. In addition, the slow dissolution of starch in water environment makes the modified carrier have nutrient sustained release properties. The results showed that the average growth rate of polysaccharide and protein content in biofilm of composite carrier with starch and diatomite was 1.8 and 1.9 times higher than that of PE respectively under the same conditions and 36 days before the experiment. On the 60th day, the contents of polysaccharides and proteins in biofilm were 68.4 mg / L and 69.5 mg / L respectively, which were 67.8% and 47.9% higher than that of PE carrier. The higher the content of polysaccharide and protein, the higher the biological activity and cell activity of biofilm. At the mature stage of biofilm, the amount of biofilm on composite carrier was 2.3 鹵0.3 / L, which was 89.3% higher than that of PE carrier. The results of SEM and fish showed that the composite carrier had the ability to enrich microorganism. In the biofilm of compound carrier, the different types of bacteria consist of mutualistic or symbiotic system, and the number of nitrifying bacteria is more. The advantages of the composite carrier in the performance of membrane suspension make the effluent COD and NH4-N reach the National Grade A standard on the 20th day, which is 12 days earlier than the PE carrier, and shortens the start-up time of MBBR process. SBMBBR experiment. The density of the modified support increased to 0.972g / cm ~ (-3) and the contact angle decreased to 72.4.with the addition of multicomponent modifier. During the experiment, the NH4-N removal efficiency of the two SBMBBRs process was obviously better than that of the traditional SBR process, and the effluent NH4-N of SBMBBR2 with modified carrier reached the first class A standard on the 18th day. SBMBBR1 with PE carrier and SBR without carrier were 2 days and 8 days earlier than that of SBMBBR1 with PE carrier and SBR without carrier respectively. In the later stage of the experiment, the best removal efficiency of total nitrogen was SBMBBR1, followed by SBR. The average removal rate of total nitrogen in SBMBBR2 was 20% higher than that in SBR. The NH4-N removal rate of the two SBMBBRs processes is faster than that of the SBMBBRs process in a single cycle. Moreover, the spatial heterogeneity of biofilm creates favorable environmental conditions for the realization of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) and makes the removal efficiency of total nitrogen in SBMBBRs process better. In addition, the modified carrier has good membrane performance, the removal rate of total nitrogen of SBMBBR2 at the end of aerobic and secondary anoxia in a single cycle is 20.2% and 18.4% higher than that of SBR, respectively.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X703

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本文編號(hào)：2079669