本文選題：膠團(tuán)強(qiáng)化超濾 + 苯胺　； 參考：《華北電力大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,隨著中國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,中國化工產(chǎn)業(yè)進(jìn)入高速發(fā)展時(shí)期。苯胺被廣泛的應(yīng)用在化工工業(yè),化工生產(chǎn)過程中產(chǎn)生了大量的苯胺廢水,這些廢水危害著生態(tài)安全,使人類身體健康受到威脅。常規(guī)苯胺去除辦法存在著明顯的局限性,阻礙了方法的工業(yè)推廣應(yīng)用。膠團(tuán)強(qiáng)化超濾技術(shù)具有節(jié)能環(huán)保,去除微污染物效果好而被廣泛關(guān)注。本研究將環(huán)境友好型表面活性劑鼠李糖脂與超濾技術(shù)結(jié)合治理苯胺廢水,有著廣闊的前景。首先文章介紹了苯胺的性質(zhì),易燃易爆等危害性,揭示苯胺常規(guī)處理技術(shù)的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),應(yīng)用膠團(tuán)強(qiáng)化超濾技術(shù)處理苯胺廢水。著重分析了膠團(tuán)強(qiáng)化超濾技術(shù)的組成部分,包括：超濾膜、表面活性劑、污染物和超濾設(shè)備。討論了影響膠團(tuán)強(qiáng)化超濾技術(shù)處理效果的因素,其中有表面活性劑濃度、污染物濃度、跨膜壓力、pH值、電解質(zhì)、溫度和表面活性劑復(fù)配。本文選取了陰離子表面活性劑SDS和生物表面活性劑鼠李糖脂作為添加劑,研究其對(duì)苯胺去除效果以及影響因素。實(shí)驗(yàn)分為兩部分,第一部分為SDS膠團(tuán)強(qiáng)化超濾處理苯胺,考察SDS濃度、pH值、鹽度和溫度四個(gè)因素對(duì)苯胺截留率和膜滲透通量的影響,主次順序,研究膠團(tuán)強(qiáng)化超濾去除苯胺的作用機(jī)理。第二部分將鼠李糖脂和SDS進(jìn)行復(fù)配,考察SDS和鼠李糖脂復(fù)配比、pH、鹽度、操作壓力和進(jìn)料液苯胺濃度五個(gè)因素對(duì)苯胺截留率和膜滲透通量的影響,主次順序,分析鼠李糖脂復(fù)配表面活性劑截留苯胺的作用機(jī)理。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),(1)苯胺截留率隨SDS濃度增加而增大,溫度升高而減小,pH增大而減小,鹽度增大而減小。膜滲透通量隨SDS濃度增加而減小,隨溫度升高而升高,pH變化膜通量基本保持不變,鹽度增大膜通量減小。影響苯胺截留率的因素主次順序?yàn)閜HSDS濃度鹽度溫度,影響膜滲透通量的因素主次順序?yàn)闇囟萐DS濃度鹽度pH。 (2)苯胺截留率隨SDS：鼠李糖脂復(fù)配比增加而增大,隨著進(jìn)料液pH值升高先下降后又緩慢上升；隨鹽度的增大先增大后減小,隨壓力的增大而減小,隨著進(jìn)料液苯胺濃度增加苯胺截留率先升高后下降。膜滲透通量隨SDS：鼠李糖脂復(fù)配比增加而減小,隨pH值升高而增大,鹽度增大增大先減小后增大,隨操作壓力增大而增大,隨著進(jìn)料液苯胺濃度增加基本保持不變。影響苯胺截留率的因素主次順序?yàn)閜H復(fù)配比操作壓力苯胺濃度鹽度,影響膜滲透通量的因素主次順序?yàn)閺?fù)配比操作壓力鹽度pH苯胺濃度。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of China's economy, China's chemical industry has entered a period of rapid development. Aniline has been widely used in chemical industry and has produced a large amount of aniline wastewater in the process of chemical production, which endangers ecological security and threatens human health. The conventional aniline removal method has obvious limitations, which hinders the industrial application of the method. Micelle enhanced ultrafiltration technology has been widely concerned because of its advantages of energy saving and environmental protection and good removal of micro-pollutants. In this study, environmental friendly surfactant rhamnolipid and ultrafiltration were combined to treat aniline wastewater. In this paper, the properties of aniline, its flammability and explosion are introduced, and the advantages and disadvantages of aniline conventional treatment technology are revealed. The micelle enhanced ultrafiltration technology is used to treat aniline wastewater. The components of micelle enhanced ultrafiltration technology, including ultrafiltration membrane, surfactant, contaminant and ultrafiltration equipment, are emphatically analyzed. The factors affecting the treatment effect of micelle enhanced ultrafiltration were discussed, including surfactant concentration, pollutant concentration, pH value of transmembrane pressure, electrolyte, temperature and the combination of surfactants. In this paper, anionic surfactant SDS and biosurfactant rhamnolide were selected as additives to study the removal efficiency of aniline and its influencing factors. The experiment was divided into two parts. The first part was the treatment of aniline by SDS micelle enhanced ultrafiltration. The effects of SDS concentration and pH value, salinity and temperature on the retention of aniline and the permeation flux of aniline were investigated. The mechanism of micelle enhanced ultrafiltration for removing aniline was studied. In the second part, the effects of pH, salinity, operating pressure and aniline concentration on the retention of aniline and membrane permeation flux were investigated. The mechanism of retention of aniline by rhamnolipid surfactant was analyzed. It is found that the retention of aniline increases with the increase of SDS concentration, decreases with the increase of temperature, decreases with the increase of pH and decreases with the increase of salinity. The membrane flux decreases with the increase of SDS concentration, increases with the increase of temperature, and keeps constant with the increase of pH, and decreases with the increase of salinity. The main and secondary factors affecting the retention of aniline were pH SDS concentration salinity temperature, and the main and secondary factors affecting membrane permeation flux were temperature SDS concentration salinity pH. (2) the retention rate of aniline increased with the increase of SDS: rhamnolipid ratio, decreased first and then increased slowly with the increase of pH value of feed solution, and increased first and then decreased with the increase of salinity, and decreased with the increase of pressure. With the increase of aniline concentration in feed solution, the retention of aniline increased first and then decreased. The permeation flux decreases with the increase of SDS: rhamnolipid ratio, increases with the increase of pH value, decreases firstly with the increase of salinity, increases with the increase of operating pressure, and remains basically unchanged with the increase of the concentration of aniline in feed solution. The main and secondary factors affecting the retention of aniline were pH compounding operation pressure aniline concentration salinity, and the main and secondary factors affecting membrane permeation flux were mixed ratio operation pressure salinity pH aniline concentration.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X783

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