本文選題：霧 + 霾�。� 參考：《南京信息工程大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文利用超聲風速儀、能見度儀等資料,對比了南京郊區(qū)2013年12月4日一次霾過程、2013年12月7—-9日一次霧過程和2013年12月3日一個晴天的湍流運動特征,分析了霧、霾、晴天的生消發(fā)展過程,研究了邊界層內的溫度場和濕度場,并對其湍流參量的演變特征、統(tǒng)計特征和譜分析特征進行了分析,最后分析研究了湍流對霧、霾天氣的影響。研究結果表明：霾天和晴天平均水平風速、平均動能、湍流動能、湍強、摩擦速度、動量通量和熱量通量都有明顯的日變化,而這些參量在霧天沒有明顯的日變化,不同天氣湍流參量大小有差異；霾、霧、晴天近中性層結下u、v、w三個方向風速歸一化標準差近似為常數,霾天分別為3.15、2.72和1.17,霧天分別為3.11、2.45和1.25,晴天分別為3.40、3.45和1.50；不穩(wěn)定條件下霾、霧、晴天風速歸一化標準差和湍流動能歸一化標準差符合1/3冪次律,穩(wěn)定條件下霾、霧、晴天無因次湍流動能均滿足1/3冪次律,不穩(wěn)定條件下霾、霧、晴天溫度和濕度歸一化標準差滿足-1/3冪次律,穩(wěn)定條件下霾、霧、晴天溫度歸一化標準差符合-2/3冪次律。霧天歸一化u、v、w譜與Kansas譜吻合度比霾天和晴天高,霾天u、v、w譜峰值頻率約為0.01Hz,霧天“譜峰值頻率約為0.004Hz, v、w譜峰值頻率約為O.1Hz,晴天“、v、w譜峰值頻率約為0.01Hz。霾天和晴天以機械湍流為主,霧天既有機械湍流也有熱力湍流。霧發(fā)展越強,數濃度和液水含量(N,lwc)起伏越大,起伏強度反而越小,霧滴數濃度隨著湍強增大而增大。霾天平均半徑r的起伏大小隨平均半徑遞增,數濃度N的起伏大小隨N遞增。平均半徑和平均半徑的起伏強度(r,4)隨三維方向湍強Iu,v,2遞減,平均半徑的起伏大小σr隨Itt遞減,平均半徑的起伏大小σr隨Iv,w,先增大后減小。數濃度和數濃度的起伏大小(N,σN)隨Iu,v,w遞增。
[Abstract]:Based on the data of ultrasonic anemometer and visibility meter, this paper compares the characteristics of haze on December 4, 2013, smog from December 7 to 9, and turbulent motion on a sunny day on December 3, 2013 in the suburbs of Nanjing, and analyzes the characteristics of fog and haze. In this paper, the temperature and humidity fields in the boundary layer are studied, and the evolution, statistical and spectral characteristics of the turbulent parameters are analyzed. Finally, the influence of turbulence on the fog and haze weather is analyzed. The results show that the average horizontal wind speed, mean kinetic energy, turbulent intensity, friction velocity, momentum flux and heat flux have obvious diurnal variations in smog and sunny days. The normalized standard deviation of wind speed in the three directions of smog, fog and clear neuter layer is approximately constant, the mean values of wind speed are 3.152.72 and 1.17 in haze days, 3.11 ~ 2.45 and 1.25 in smog days, and 3.40 ~ 3.45 and 1.50 in fine days, respectively. Under unstable conditions, the normalized standard deviation of wind speed and the normalized standard deviation of turbulent kinetic energy conform to the 1 / 3 power law. Under stable conditions, smog, fog, and sunny day turbulent kinetic energy all satisfy 1 / 3 power law. Under unstable conditions, haze, fog, The normalized standard deviations of temperature and humidity in sunny days satisfy the -1 / 3 power law, and the normalized standard deviations of haze, fog and clear weather temperature conform to the -2 / 3 power law under stable conditions. The results show that the peak frequency of the normalized UVW spectrum is higher than that of the smog day and the Kansas spectrum, the peak frequency of the fog day is about 0.01 Hz, the peak frequency of the fog "spectrum is about 0.004 Hz, the peak frequency of the VW spectrum is about 0.1 Hz, and the peak frequency of the VW spectrum is about 0.01 Hz in the sunny day. Haze and sunny days are dominated by mechanical turbulence, and there is both mechanical and thermal turbulence in foggy days. The stronger the fog develops, the greater the fluctuation of number concentration and liquid water content is, the smaller the fluctuation intensity is, and the more the concentration of droplet number increases with the increase of turbulent intensity. The mean radius r of haze increased with the mean radius, and the fluctuation of number concentration N increased with N. The fluctuation intensity of mean radius and mean radius decreases with the three dimensional turbulence intensity, the fluctuation size 蟽 r of the mean radius decreases with ITT, and the fluctuation magnitude 蟽 r of the mean radius increases first and then decreases. The fluctuation of number concentration and number concentration N, 蟽 N) increases with the increase of iuv / w.
【學位授予單位】：南京信息工程大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X513;P426.4

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本文編號：2031012