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  本文選題：煙霧箱　切入點(diǎn)：臭氧　出處：《河北科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：目前中國大氣污染日益嚴(yán)峻,引起社會各界廣泛關(guān)注。大氣污染物來源非常廣泛,其中人為產(chǎn)生的揮發(fā)性有機(jī)物是當(dāng)前主要的大氣污染物之一,在復(fù)雜多變的大氣環(huán)境下?lián)]發(fā)性有機(jī)物的各種轉(zhuǎn)變對環(huán)境以及人類健康產(chǎn)生了極大的影響。自制了小型煙霧箱系統(tǒng)用于研究大氣中揮發(fā)性有機(jī)物向細(xì)顆粒物(PM2.5)轉(zhuǎn)化的機(jī)理。煙霧箱主體材料采用全氟乙烯丙烯共聚物(Fluorinated ethylene propylene FEP)膜制造,FEP膜本身不參與反應(yīng)并且能夠最大限度透過紫外線。反應(yīng)器的框架采用有機(jī)玻璃激光切割加工,工藝成熟便于加工和擴(kuò)展。采用外部支撐的方式,利用人氣壓輔助排氣的手段省去了抽真空的環(huán)節(jié),簡化了實驗系統(tǒng)。自制的煙霧箱體積300L,比表面積9.67m-1,常溫下臭氧的半衰期為12h,臭氧的壁損失系數(shù)0.0618h-1。對煙霧箱進(jìn)行了表征并且針對臭氧和紫外線對反應(yīng)物反應(yīng)速率的影響進(jìn)行了研究。并將實驗數(shù)據(jù)與中心化學(xué)機(jī)理(MCMv3.1)中丙酮的子機(jī)理演化結(jié)果進(jìn)行了對比分析。對比其他小型煙霧箱屬于正常水平。經(jīng)過多次實驗,自制煙霧箱表現(xiàn)良好,能夠勝任大氣光化學(xué)實驗的要求。針對丙酮進(jìn)行了多因素的對比試驗,測量了本煙霧箱背景條件下丙酮的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)曲線,線性相關(guān)系數(shù)達(dá)到0.99,滿足實驗要求。測定了丙酮的壁損失系數(shù),常溫常壓無光照情況下為0.00144 h-1。研究了紫外線和臭氧對丙酮分解反應(yīng)影響的不同,對比發(fā)現(xiàn)紫外線對丙酮的分解起到了關(guān)鍵性的影響。并且結(jié)合MCMv3.1機(jī)理,利用FACS IMILE軟件對丙酮的變化情況進(jìn)行了模擬,模擬結(jié)果與實際實驗有較大偏差,這是由于初始條件和反應(yīng)歷程的雙重影響造成的,表明不同的地區(qū)需要做針對性的模擬實驗來探討和驗證揮發(fā)性有機(jī)物的轉(zhuǎn)變過程。
[Abstract]:At present, air pollution in China is becoming increasingly serious, causing widespread concern from all walks of life. Air pollutants come from a wide range of sources, among which man-made volatile organic compounds are one of the main atmospheric pollutants at present. The changes of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in complex and changeable atmospheric environments have a great impact on the environment and human health. A small smoke Box system has been developed to study the transition of VOC to PM2.5) in the atmosphere. The main material of the smog box is made of perfluoroethylene propylene copolymer (perfluorinated ethylene propylene FEPPE) film. The FEP film itself is not involved in the reaction and can penetrate ultraviolet ray to the maximum extent. The reactor frame is cut by plexiglass laser. The process is mature and easy to process and expand. By means of external support, the air pressure is used to assist the exhaust to save the vacuum pumping. The experimental system was simplified. The volume of the self-made smoke box was 300L, the specific surface area was 9.67m ~ (-1), the half-life of ozone was 12h at room temperature, and the wall loss coefficient of ozone was 0.0618h-1.The smoke box was characterized and the reaction rate of ozone and UV to reactants was analyzed. The experimental data were compared with the results of the evolution of acetone in the central chemical mechanism (MCMv3.1). The self-made smoke box has good performance and can meet the requirements of atmospheric photochemical experiments. A multi-factor comparative test was carried out for acetone, and the standard curve of acetone was measured under the background condition of the smoke box. The linear correlation coefficient reached 0.99. the wall loss coefficient of acetone was determined, which was 0.00144 h-1.The effects of UV and ozone on the decomposition of acetone were studied. It is found that UV rays play a key role in the decomposition of acetone. Combined with the mechanism of MCMv3.1, the variation of acetone is simulated by FACS IMILE software. The simulation results are quite different from the actual experiments. This is caused by the dual influence of initial conditions and reaction process, which indicates that different regions need to do targeted simulation experiments to study and verify the transition process of volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X51

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